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1、外研版八年级上册重点语法复习总结Module 1短语1. 查;查找look. up2. 尽可能的as. as possible3. 的意思 the meaning of.4. 听 listen to5. 写下,登记write down6. 犯错误 make a mistake7. 同意某人 agree with sb8. 恳求(赐予) ask for9. 对某人微笑smile at sb10. 谈论 talk about句型1. advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事2. be afraid to.可怕做3. be good for.对有好处的4. be a great ways
2、 to do sth做的(一种)好方法5. It is natural to do sth.做某事是合乎常情的;语法运用怎么“提建议”1. Why not. = Why don t + you we / they.意为“为什么不呢?”,后接动词原形;例如:Why not / Why dont we help the old cleantheir rooms this afternoon.今日下午为什么不去帮忙老人打扫房间呢?2. What / How about.意为“怎么样?”,其中about是介词,后接名词或动词 -ing形式;例如:What / How about drinking a
3、cup of tea together.一起喝杯茶怎么样?What / How about a piece of cake.来块蛋糕怎么样?3. Let s. 是一个以 Let s 开头的祈使句, 表示建议对方和自己一起做某事,意为“让我们(包括双方在内)”,后接动词原形;例如:Let s watch the football match this afternoon.让我们今日下午看足球赛吧;4. It s a good idea to.意为“是个好想法;”, to后接动词原形;例如:It s a good idea to go for a picnic this weekend.这周末去野
4、餐是个好想法;5. should意为“应当”,后接动词原形;例如:We should always walk on the right.我们应当总是靠右走;Module 2短语1. 相当好 Pretty good2. 事实上 in fact3. 在二十世纪八十岁月in the 1980s4. 比如 such as5. 古建筑 old building6. 因而出名 be famous for7. 在海岸上on the coast8. 作报告 make a report9. 有一天 some day10. 在 的南边 in the south of .核心句型1. What s the popu
5、lation of .的人口是多少? It has a population of .有人口;2. Remember to do.记得去做3. How was your weekend.你周末过得怎么样?4. . is taller / bigger than.比高/ 大;5. . is as beautiful as.和一样美丽;语法点击形容词比较级(一)【看一看】1. Yangtze River is longer than the Yellow River.长江比黄河长;2. She is as tall as me.她和我一样高;3. Which is cheaper, the red
6、 one or the white one.哪个更廉价一点,那个红色的仍是那个白色的?4. She is not so outgoing as her sister.她不像她妹妹那样开朗;【学一学】一、形容词比较级的变化规章1. 一般情形下在词尾加-er ;如: great greater2. 以不发音的字母e 结尾的单词在词尾加-r ;如: wide wider3. 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,双写该辅音字母再加-er ;如: big bigger4. 以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的词,先把y变为 i ,再加 -er ;如: busy busier二、形容词比较级的常用句型1.
7、 A + be +形容词比较级+ than + B,意为“ A比 B更”,如例句1 ;2. A + be + as +形容词原级 + as + B,意为“ A和 B一样”,如例句2 ;3. Which / Who is +形容词比较级, A or B. ,意为 “哪个/谁更, A仍是 B?” , 如例句3 ;4. A + be + not + so +形容词原级+ as + B,意为“ A不像 B 一样”,如例句4 ;Module 3短语1. 大量 plenty of2. 为加油 cheer . on3. 球迷俱乐部fan club4. 同竞赛 play against5. 足球竞赛footb
8、all match6. 以便 so that7. 真倒霉 bad luck8. 没关系 never mind9. 热身 warm up10. 决赛 final match核心句型1. Whats the score.比分是多少?2. Whats the matter with.怎么了?3. That s because .那是由于4. It is more difficult to do.做更加困难;5. . is more enjoyable / important than .比更加令人开心 /重要;形容词比较级(二)、副词的基本用法和比较级【看一看】1. Your dress looks
9、 more beautiful than mine.你的裙子看起来比我的美丽;2. The food in that restaurant is worse than thatin this restaurant.那个餐馆的食物比这个餐馆的食物更加槽糕;3. Mike is very careless.迈克特别马虎;4. My father drives carefully.我爸爸当心翼翼地开着车;5. He works really hard every day.他每天工作真地很努力;【学一学】一、形容词比较级(二)1. 多音节形容词比较级的构成部分双音节和多音节形容词变比较级时,在形容词前
10、加more;如:boring more boring; popular more popular; exciting more exciting2. 形容词比较级的不规章变化good better; bad worse; little less; many / much more二、副词的基本用法和比较级1. 副词的基本用法副词一般用来修饰形容词、动词和副词;如例句3 , 4和 5 ;2. 副词的比较级副词比较级的变化形式与形容词比较级的变化形式基本相同;如:fast faster; early earlier; carefullymore carefully; well better; ba
11、dly worse【拓展】 “比较级 +and+比较级”表示“越来越”;如: It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了,天气变得越来越温和了;假如是多音节和部分双音节词,就用“more and more +原级”结构;如:It israining more and more heavily.雨越下越大; “ the +比较级 + ., the +比较级 + . ”表示“越,越”;如: The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you ll make.你越认真,你犯的错误就越少; 表示两
12、者中“较”时,用“the +比较级 + of短语”来表达;如: He is the thinner of the two.他是两人中较瘦者;Module 4短语1. 远离 far from2. 始终all the time3. 在机场at the airport4. 一个好的挑选a good choice5. 由于 because of6. 交通事故road accident7. 订票book the ticket8. 恶劣的天气bad weather9. 交通拥挤heavy traffic10. 乘坐地铁take the underground核心句型1. What happened.发生了
13、什么事?2. What about doing .做怎么样?3. It takes . some time to do .做花费多长时间;4. . is the second longest . +介词 + 范畴;是中其次长的5. What s the best way to do .做最好的方式是什么?语法点击形容词和副词的最高级【看一看】1. My brother is the tallest in their class.我弟弟是他们班里最高的;2. Which is the best , the green, the yellow or the red.哪一个是最好的,绿色的,黄色的仍
14、是红色的?3. Mo Yan is one of the most famous writers in China.莫言是中国最闻名的作家之一;4. Chogori is the second highest mountain in the world.乔戈里峰是世界其次高峰;【学一学】将三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级;形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the ;副词的最高级前定冠词the可以省略; 变化规章A. 规章变化B. 不规章变化far farthest / furthest good / well best bad / badly worst 常用句型1.主语 +谓语 +最高级
15、+ in / of / among +范畴,表示“是中最”,如例句1 ;2.Who/Which+谓语 + 最高级, A, BorC.,表示“哪个是最,A,B 仍是 C?”,如例句2 ;3. 主语 +谓语 + one of the +最高级+名词复数 +in/of/.+范畴, 表示“在 中,是最之一”,如例句3 ;4. 主语 +谓语 + the +序数词+最高级+单数名词+ in / of /. +范畴,表示“是中的第几”,如例句4 ;Module 5短语1. 最终;最终in the end2. 不知道no idea3. 京剧Beijing Opera4. 一般老百姓common people5
16、. 在十九世纪in the nineteenth century6. 五年后five years later7. 学校primary school8. 魔术表演the magic show9. 全世界all over the world10. 中国社会Chinese society核心句型1. It is difficult to do .做是困难的;2. . hope to do .期望做3. . was born in +地点 + in +时间 .于某时诞生于某地;4. . is one of + the +adj.最高级 +名词复数 + 介词 + 范畴.是中最的之一;5. If you
17、like., you can do .假如你喜爱,你可以做语法点击动词不定式和双宾语【看一看】1. I want to go shopping this afternoon.我今日下午想去购物;2. I hope to be a writer in the future.我期望将来可以成为一名作家;3. My father bought me a computer. = My father bought a computer for me.我爸爸给我买了一台电脑;4. Please pass me that book. = Please pass that book to me.请把那本书递给
18、我;【学一学】1. 我们常常需要表达“想要做某事”或“打算做某事”时,要用到“to +动词原形” 的结构,这种结构就叫做动词不定式;常见的后接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:plan, decide, want, agree, try, hope, offer, like, need等,如例句1和例句2 ;2. 英语中,有些动词可以接两个宾语,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,这两个宾语称为 “双宾语” ;此类动词常见的有:buy, pass, give, offer, show, bring, send等;其句型结构为:主语+ 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语=主语 +动词 +直接宾语+介词 fo
19、r / to +间接宾语,如例句3和例句4 ;留意: 当表示物的宾语为代词时,只能使用主语+动词 +直接宾语+介词 +间接宾语”的表达形式;例如:Can you send it to me as soon as possible.你能尽快把它邮寄给我吗?Module 6短语1. 处于危急中in danger2. 最终at last3. 夺走;带走take away4. 和平地;寂静地in peace5. 想起think of6. 开办;设立set up7. 自然公园nature park8. 照管;照管look after9. 查明find out10. 筹钱raise money核心句型1.
20、 . is interested to do .对做感爱好;2. . allow . to do .答应做3. . is doing .正在做4. It is sad to think of .一想到就让人伤心;5. . need to do .需要做 动词不定式做宾语补足语和目的状语【看一看】1. You need to eat fruit and vegetables every day.你需要每天吃水果蔬菜;2. The doctor advised me to do exercise every morning.医生建议我每天早上做运动;3. He can always make me
21、 laugh.他总是能逗笑我;4. I saw your mother enter our English teacher s office.我观察你妈妈进了我们英语老师的办公室;5. To go to a good university, he works hard every day.为了能够上一所好高校,他每天刻苦学习;6. She got up very early this morning to pick her mother up at the airport.她今日早上起床很早是为了在机场接她的妈妈;【学一学】一、动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式充当宾语补足语,是对宾语的补充说明
22、;常用于“动词+宾语 +动词不定式”这一结构中;能接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词分为后接带和省略to的不定式两种;to的不定式1. 接带 to的不定式, 即“动词+宾语 + to +动词原形” ;这类动词有allow, ask, advise, tell, want, choose, need等,如例句1和例句2 ;2. 接省略to的不定式,即“动词+宾语 +动词原形”;这类动词通常为使役动词和感官动词(组) ,可总结为: 一感( feel ),二听 ( hear, listen to),三使 ( make, let, have),五看( see, watch, notice, observe
23、, look at),如例句3和例句4 ;二、动词不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语,通常用来表示行为动词的目的,意为“为了”,既可放在句首,也可放在句尾,如例句5和例句6 ;Module 7短语1. 跑过run across.2. 出去get out3. 在河边by the river4. 很长一段时间for a long time5. 摸索think about6. 茶会tea party7. 有时;一两次once or twice8. 抵达arrive at9. 在花园里in the garden10. 看书read a book核心句型1. What s the book about.这
24、本书是关于什么的?2. . was doing .(过去)正在做3. Do you already know.你已经知道了吗?4. Why did you do .你(过去)为什么做?5. To see if . do.为了看是否做语法点击过去进行时【看一看】We were having an English class at ten o clock yesterday morning.昨天早上十点钟,我们正在上英语课;Module 8短语1. 过公路cross the road2. 听音乐listen to music3. 从上摔下来fall off .4. 肩并肩地side by side
25、5. 爬出来climb out6. 准时in time7. 留意;留心pay attention8. 拿起pick up9. 一就as soon as10. 在庞大的痛楚中in great pain核心句型1. While . was doing ., . did .正在做的时候,做2. . begin to do .开头做3. Don t do .不要做4. . try to do .尽力做5. . is glad to do .愿意做语法点击过去进行时(二)【看一看】1. While I was sleeping, my mother came back from work.当我正在睡觉的
26、时候,我妈妈下班回来了;2. While I was doing my homework, my sister was reading a book.当我做作业的时候,我妹妹正在看书;3. When I met Lucy, she was doing exercise in the park.当我遇见露西的时候,她正在公园里锤炼身体;4. It began to rain when we were having breakfast.我们正在吃早饭的时候,天开头下雨了【学一学】 while 引导的时间状语从句多指时间段,从句动词常是连续性动词,如例句1 ;当主句和从句的动作都是连续的或同时发生,
27、 两句都用过去进行时的时候, 常用 while 引导,如例句 2 ; when 引导的时间状语从句既可指时间点,也可指时间段,从句中的动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是连续性动词,如例句3和例句 4 ;Module 9短语1. 写下write down2. 公共服务public service3. 事实上in fact4. 多于more than5. 稍等hang on6. 关停close down7. 写报告write a report8. 比如such as9. 人口增长population increase10. 新奇的空气fresh air核心句型1. The population of
28、. is .的人口是2. It is expensive to do.做是昂贵的;3. It is clear that.明显,Module 10短语1. 在湖面上on the lake2. 也 as well3. 快点come on4. 游历travel around5. 全年all year round6. 在西北部in the northwest7. 有时;间或from time to time8. 变温和 get warm9. 游泳go swimming10. 给拍照 take photos of核心句型1. What s the weather like in .的天气怎么样?2.
29、The best time to do . is in.做最好的时间是在3. Are you joking.你在开玩笑吗?4. . might want to do .或许想做5. It is probably sunny and hot there. 那儿的天气可能是晴朗而酷热的; 形 容 词 和 副 词 表 示 可 能 性Module 11短语1. 留意pay attention to2. 打扫卫生do some cleaning3. 带走take away4. 站成一队tand in a line5. 坏运气bad luck6. 一副国际象棋a chess set7. 电子嬉戏video
30、 game8. 比如for example9. 首次;初次for the first time10. 传统食物traditional food核心句型1. You can t be serious.你不是认真的吧!2. I don t think that I should do .我认为我不应当做3. . be interested to do .对做感爱好;4. . notice . do.观察做5. What a surprise.真让人惊讶啊!Module 12短语1. 发觉find out2. 医疗培训medical training3. 远离stay away from4. 总之i
31、n short5. 确保make sure6. 急救first aid7. 在的底部at the bottom of8. 抬起;提起lift up9. 不和接触keep clear of10. 保持冷静keep calm核心句型1. What can we do to.我们能做些什么去?2. What s wrong with.怎么了?3. .have no idea about what to do.不知道该做什么;4. .have trouble doing.做有困难;5. It is difficult to do.做是困难的;语法点击一、祈使句:祈使句表示恳求、建议、劝说或命令;这类句
32、子常省略主语you 而用动词原形开头, 无时态和数的变化;句末用感叹号或句号;由动词原形或be开头的祈使句,其否 定形式通常在句首加don t或 never;祈使句的常用句型如下:1. Do型:行为动词(组)+ 宾语 + 其他;例如:Turn off the computer now.现在关闭电脑!2. Be型: Be +表语 +其他;例如:Be quiet.寂静!3. Let型:Let +宾语 + do +其他; 例如: Let s go to play basketball together.让我们一起去打篮球吧!4. No +动词 -ing形式:通常用于一些指示牌或警告标志;例如:No
33、swimming.禁止游泳!二、情态动词must, can, could表示估计1. must用于确定句中,表示估计,意为“确定;准是”;例如:This book must be Lucy s because her name is on it.这本书确定是露西的,由于她的名字在上面;2. can或 could表示对现在或将来的估计,意为“会;可能”,can常用于疑问 句或否定句中;could可用于确定句、否定句或疑问句中;用于疑问句时,could比can表示的“可能性”要小;例如: Is the girl in a red dress Kate.那个穿红色连衣裙的女孩是凯特吗? No, it can t be her. She is spending her holidays in London.不,不行能是她;她正在伦敦度假; Bob, where is David.鲍勃,大卫在哪儿? He could be in the library, but I am not sure.他可能在图书馆,不过我不确定;