2022年初中英语时态用法总结及练习 .docx

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1、英语动词时态的用法及练习一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能: 1.表示事物或人物的特点、状态;如:天空是蓝色的;你是一位同学 . 2. 表示常常性或习惯性的动作;如:我每天六点起床. 我们每天读英语 . 3. 表示客观现实;如:地球围着太阳转; 一般现在时的构成1. be 动词:主语 +beam,is,are+ 其它;如 :- 10 -我是一个男孩; 2.行为动词:主语 +行为动词 + 其它;如:这是我的书包; 我们学习英语 .我每天步行上学; 当主语为第三人称单数he, she, it 时,要在动词后加 -s 或-es ;如:玛丽喜爱汉语 她说英语; 一般现在时的变化:1. b

2、e 动词的变化;否定句:主语 + be + not + 其它;如:他不是工人;我们不是工人; 一般疑问句: Be +主语+其它;如: -Are you a student.- IsLi Ping a teacher.特别疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句; 如:我的自行车在哪里?Where is my bike .这是什么? 2.行为动词的变化;否定句:主语 + dont doesnt +动词原形 +其它 ;如:你多大 我不喜爱面包;他们不踢足球; 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesnt 构成否定句; 如: 他不喜爱汉语; 一般疑问句: Do Does + 主语 +动词原形 +其它; 如:她不踢足球

3、; 你常常踢足球吗? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does 构成一般疑问句 ;如:她骑自行车上班吗.- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特别疑问句:疑问词 +一般疑问句;如:你父亲是怎样上班的? 动词 +s 的变化规章 . 他坐公共汽车上班; 1. 一般情形下,直接加 -s, 如: cook-cooks, milk-milks2. 以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾,加 -es,如: guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以 “辅音字母 +

4、y ”结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加 -es, 如: study-studies一般现在时用法专练 :一、 写出以下动词的第三人称单数drinkgostaymakelookhavepass carry come watch plant fly study brushdoteach 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空;1. He oftenhave dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommybe in Class One. 3.Wenot watch TV on Monday.4. Nicknot go to the zoo on Sunday.5.theylike the W

5、orld Cup.6. Whatthey oftendo on Saturdays.7.your parentsread newspapers every day.8. The girlteach us English on Sundays.9. She and Itake a walk together every evening.10. Therebe some water in the bottle.11. Mikelike cooking.12. Theyhave the same hobby.13. Myauntlookafter her baby carefully.14. You

6、 alwaysdoyourhomeworkwell.16. Shego to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Taodo not like PE.18. The child oftenwatch TV in the evening.20. What daybe it today. It s Saturday.三、依据要求改写句子1. I do my homework every day. 改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 2. Amy likes playing computer games. 改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 3. We go to school

7、 every morning. 改为否定句 4. He speaks English very well. 改为否定句 5. I like taking photos in the park. 对划线部分提问 6. John comes from Canada.对划线部分提问 四、改错 划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上1. Is your brother speak English. 3. He like playing games after class. 2. Does he likes going fishing. 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. 5. She

8、 don t do her homework on Sundays. 二、现在进行时1. 现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作;2. 现在进行时的确定句基本结构为:主语 + be( am ,is,are ) + 动词 ing +玲玲正在搬一只箱子; .那些男孩正在骑自行车; 3. 现在进行时的否定句为:主语 + be ( am ,is,are ) not +动词 ing +那些女孩不是在买热狗; . 她不是正在写信; 4. 现在进行时的一般疑问句为:BeAm ,Is, Are +主语+ 动词 ing + .李磊正在做作业吗?. Yes, N

9、o,.5. 现在进行时的特别疑问的基本结构为:疑问词+ beam isare + 主语 + 动词 ing + . 他正在那边干什么?. 他在找他的书; 但疑问词当主语时其结构为:疑问词 + be +动词 ing +.谁在房里唱歌?.是我姐姐; 动词加 ing 的变化规章1. 一般情形下,直接加ing,如: cook-cookingwork-working2. 以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e 加 ing ,如: make-making, taste-tasting 3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing ,如:run-running, stop-stopping 现

10、在进行时专项练习:一、写出以下动词的现在分词:playrunswimmakegolikewriteski readhavesingdanceputseebeginshop buylovelivetakecomegetstopsit 二.填空 :(用现在进行时态完成)1. She walk now.2. They sitt on the chair.3. Cindy watch TV.4. Joe water in the garden.5. Look, Nick come.6. Listen, she sing.7. Look, the girl run.8.My mother and my

11、father dance.三.依据汉语意思填空:1.你要去哪儿啊 .Where are you.2.Nick正在爬攀登架 . Nickclimb the jungle gym. 3.他们正在读书 .They books now.4. 爷爷正在吸烟 . Grandpa smoke.5.我在做作业 . Ido my homework.7.Jerry 在喝柠檬果汁 . Jerrylemon juice.四.填入 be 动词的适当形式6.我妈妈正在做饭 .My mothercook.8.他正在写信 .Hea letter.1.Hedrinking water.4.Theyworking now.2.T

12、he eagleflying in the sky.5.Igoing to the supermarket.3.Childrenplaying in the playground.五、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.The boy drawa picture now.4. What you do now. 6.Theynot ,water the flowers now.六、句型转换:2. Listen .Some girls singin the classroom .5.Look. They havean Englishlesson .10.Helenwash clothes. Yes ,

13、she is .1. They are doing housework . 分别改成一般疑问句和否定句2 The students are cleaning the classroom . 改一般疑问句并作确定和否定回答3. I m playing footballin the playground . 对划线部分进行提问 4. Tom is reading books in his room. 对划线部分进行提问 七用动词的适当形式填空(现在进行时与一般现在时对比练习)1.She go to school at eight o2.clIot ck.s six o clock. They ar

14、e suepapter. 3.He usuallyup at 6:00.get 4. Shelive in Beijing.5. They aredig a hole 洞.6. My fathermend his model 模型 plane these days.九. 造句 :1.she,the window,open,now. 用现在进行时连词成句. 2.is,who,thewindow,cleaning. 连词成句 3.She is closing the door now. 改成否定句 4.Youare doing your homework. 用I 作主语改写句子 5.they,th

15、e tree,sing,now,under. 用现在进行时连词成句 . 6.The YoungPioneers are helpingthe old woman. 改成一般疑问句 十、用括号中动词的适当形式填空 :1. My parents( watch )TV now.2. Whatyour mother(do) now.3.you( listen )to music. Yes, I am.4. Look, Miss Chenfootball. ( play )5. Tom and his sister( wait ) for you over there.6. Now Class 3 an

16、d Class 4( have) a test.三、一般将来时理论及练习一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及准备、方案或预备做某事;句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next dayweek, month, year ,soon, the day after towm(o后rro天)等;二、基本结构: 主语 + be is , am , are going to + do动词原形 ;李平明天准备去购物; 我准备今晚看电视; 他们这个周末要去公园; 主语 + will + do 动词原形 同学们将用运算机来学习; 我们将会去拜望他; 三、否定句: 主语 + be is , am

17、, are not going to + do动词原形 .李平明天不准备去购物; 我不准备今晚看电视; 他们这个周末不去公园; 主语+ will not + do动词原形 .will not = won t同学们将不用运算机来学习; 我们将不会去拜望他; 四、一般疑问句:be 或 will 提到句首, Be Is , Am , Are 主语 +going to + do 动词原形 .李平明天准备去购物吗? 你准备今晚看电视吗 .他们这个周末要去公园吗? . Yes , . No, . No, Will +主语+ do 动词原形 .同学们将用运算机来学习吗? . Yes, 你们将去拜望他吗?.

18、Yes, 五、对划线部分提问;一般情形,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情形;1. 问人; Who 例如: I m going to New York soon.2. 问干什么; What do例. 如: My father is going to watch a race with me thisafternoon.3. 问什么时候; When.例如: She s going to go to beadt nine. .练习: 一、填空;1. 我准备明天和伴侣去野炊;I have a picnic with my friends tomorrow. =Ihave a picnic with my

19、 friends tomorrow.2. 下个星期一你准备去干嘛. 我想去打篮球;What next Monday. I play basketball.= Whatyou do next Monday. Iplay basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果; your mother go shopping this. Yes, she. She buy some fruit.二、改句子;1. Nancy is going to go camping (野营) .(改否定) Nancygoing to go camping.2. I ll go shopping

20、this afternoon. (改否定) Igo shoppingthis afternoon .3. I m going to get up at 6:30 tomorro(w.改一般疑问句) to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.4. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30. (改一般疑问句) meet at the bus stop at 10:30.5. She is going to listen to music after school. (对划线部分提问) she after school.6. My father and

21、mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.同上 going to see a play the day after tomorrow.三、用所给词的适当形式填空;1. My brothergo to Shanghai next week.2. What do you usually do at weekends. I usuallywatch TV andcatch insects昆虫 .3. Maryvisit her grandparents tomorrow.4. Liu Taofly kites in the playg

22、round yesterday.5. My mother and Iclean our garden tomorrow. 6.Whereyour parentshave lunch tomorrow. 7 .Shego fishing tomorrow.四、一般过去时1. 一般过去时态:表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态;谓语动词要用一般过去式;常常与yesterday(昨天) , last week(上周) , last month(上个月) , last year(去年) , two months ago(两个月前) , the day before yesterday(前天), i

23、n 1990 在 1990 年, in those days (在那些日子里)等表示过去的时间状语连用;如: 我诞生在 1990 年;(你是什么时候去的公园.) . (我是上周去的公园)在上面的句子中第一句属于be 动词的一般过去时态;其次句和第三句属于实义动词的一般过去时态;2. Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化: am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was;( was not=wasn)tare 在一般过去时中变为were;(were not=werent)带有 was 或 were 的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are 一样,即否定句在was 或 were 后加 not,一般疑

24、问句把 was 或 were 调到句首;3. 句中没有 be 动词的一般过去时的句子.否定句: didn 动t +词原形,如:吉姆昨天没有回家; .一般疑问句:在句首加did ,句子中的动词过去式变回原形;如.吉姆昨天回家了吗?.特别疑问句:疑问词+did+ 主语+动词原形?如:吉姆昨天干什么了? .疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?昨天谁回家了? .动词过去式变化规章:1一般在动词末尾加 -ed,如: pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2结尾是 e 加 d,如: taste-tasted3. 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,

25、如: stop-stopped4. 以 “辅音字母 +y ”结尾的,变 y 为 i, 再加 -ed,如: study-studied 5不规章动词过去式:am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-ro

26、de, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat一、写出以下动词的过去式is,amflyplantaredrinkplaygomake does dance worry asktaste eat draw put throwkickpassdo 二、 句型转换1. It was exciting.否定句: 一般疑问句:肯、否定回答: 2. All the students were very excited.否定句: 一般疑问句:肯、否定回答: 3. They were in his pocket.否定句: 一般疑问句: 三、用 be 动词的适当

27、形式填空肯、否定回答: 1. Ian English teacher now.2. Shehappy yesterday.3. Helen and Nancygood friends.4. Theyglad to see each other last month.5. The little dogtwo years old this year.6. Look, therelots of grapes here.7. Therea sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today the second of June. Yesterdaythe first of Jun

28、e. ItChildren s Day. All the studentsv四、句型转换1. There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句: 一般疑问句: 五、 中译英肯、否定回答: 1. 昨天我做了作业; 2. 他上个礼拜去了公园; 3. 他们刚才在操场上玩; 六、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. Helive in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cateat a bird last night.3. Wehave a party last night.4. Nancypick up oranges on the fa

29、rm last week.5. Imake a model ship with Mike yesterday.6.Theyplay chess in the classroom last PE lesson. 7.shepractice her guitar yesterday.No, she.七、改错1 How is Jane yesterday.2 He go to school by bus last week. 3. He often goes home at 6:00 last month. 4. I can fly kites seven years ago.5 Didyou sa

30、w my homework yesterday. 九、写出以下动词的三单现、过去式和现在分词go enjoy begin buy eat eat get walk play take dance study write run swim 五、现在完成时1. 现在完成时结构:“主语 +have/has+v 过去分词 ”;“ have/has如何”使用需记清;当主语是I,you 和复数名词或代词时要用 have;第三人称单数主语后跟has;现在完成时表示过去发生的与现在情形有关的事或状态,即动作发生在过去,而且已经完成;或动作发生在过去,并且始终连续到现在,并且有可能连续连续下去;现在完成时的时间

31、状语:1.表示不确定的时间状语如already, ever, never, recently,just, yet , before 等;2. 表示从过去某个时刻(或时间)始终连续到现在的时间状语,由“ for+时间段 ”,“ since过+一般过去时的从句 ”如, for three years, since last autumn, since he came to China 等;现在完成时典型示例去某个时间或 since 连接的过去发生的与现在情形有关的事或状态,即动作发生在过去,而且已经完成,它强调对现在造成的影响或结果;常于 already, ever, never, recentl

32、y, just, yet , before 等表示不确定的时间状语连用;1. 2. 我已经给他寄去信了;她曾经看过这个电影;3. 他们买了新居子了;表示从过去某个时刻(或时间)始终连续到现在并且有可能连续下去的动作,常与“for+时间段 ”,“since+过去某个时间或 since 连接的一个一般过去时的从句”连用 ,这时的动词必需是连续性的;我们学习英语已经三年了;自从他来到这里他就在这个工厂工作;have / has been 与 have / has gone的区分1. have / has been 表示去过某地,说明有某种经受;. 以前我去过北京;2. have / has gone

33、 到某地去了;(在途中或已经到了目的地) Where has he gone.他到哪里去了? 他去青岛了; Where are they.他们在哪里? . 他们到日本去了;七、现在完成时的句型变换助动词提前变疑问,助动词后not 变否定;例句I have already planted three trees .否定句 : 疑问句 :already 用于确定句中, yet 用于否定句和一般疑问句中确定回答: Yes, I have.否定回答: No, I havent.对 three 提问 :trees have you planted already. He has been here since he left Beijing.划线提问:has he been here.

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