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1、Unit 2 语法篇_熟练掌握本章重点语法知识。一、由that,if和whether引导的宾语从句1.由陈述句充当宾语从句时，这个宾语从句由that引导，在口语中that可以省略。Ihear(that)shesgoingtogiveyouacall.注意：（1）宾语从句要用陈述句语序。Ibelievethatshehasleftthecity.(2)如果主句是一般过去时，从句则只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时）。Isaidthatitwastimeweweresettingout.(3)如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理、自然现象或公式、定理、谚语、名人名言等，则用一般现在
2、时。Hesaidthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.2.由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，该从句由if/whether引导，且从句要用陈述句语序。Heaskedif/whethertheyneededanyhelp.温馨提示：if和whether引导的宾语从句时，一般情况下可以互换，但要注意下列情况：(1)宾语从句至句首时用whether。Whetheritistrueornot,Icantsay.(2)介词后用whether.Itdependsonwhetheryoucandotheworkwell.(3)与不定式连用whether。Hecantdecidewhethe
3、rtoacceptorrefuse.(4)当与ornot连用时用whether。二what和how引导的感叹句1.感叹句句型结构（1）what引导的感叹句的中心词时名词。该名词前常有形容词修饰，句中的主语和谓语一般可省去。句型结构为：what(+a/an)+形容词+名词（主语+谓语）！Whatacoldday(itis)today!Whatdeliciousfood(itis)!What引导感叹句中的名词若为单数可数名词，要用不定冠词a/an，而不用the；若为复数或不可数名词，则不用冠词。（2）how引导的感叹句的中心词时形容词或副词。其句型结构为：how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！或how
4、+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！Howcolditistoday!Howhappythechildrenare!2.陈述句改为感叹句常使用“一断二加三换位”的方法：(1)“一断”，即在谓语动词后边断开，把句子分成两部分Sheisabeautifulgirl.Heworkshard.(2)“二加”，即如果第二部分的第一个词为形容词、副词，就加上how；如果是名词（词组），就加上what。Sheis（what）abeautifulgirl.Heworks(how)hard.(3)“三换位”，即把第一部分与第二部分互换位置，同时把句号换为感叹句。Whatabeautifulgirlsh
5、eis!Howhardheworks!易错易混全解bring,carry,fetch与take(1)bring表示“拿来，带来”，指从别处把某物带来。它表示单程，与take的方向相反。Thislittlegirlbroughtmehere.(2)carry表示“携带，搬运”，有“负担”的含义，它指从一地到另一地的运动，但不说明动作的方向。Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.(3)fetch表示“去取来，去请来”，指到别处去把某物取来，或把某人接来。它表示往返，指双程。Herushedhometofetchhisraincoat.Runandfetchthedoctor,p
6、lease.(4)take表示“拿走，带走”，指把某物从说话者所在地拿走，或把人带走。它指单程，与bring的方向相反。Takethelettertothepostoffice.Iwanttotakesomebookstotheclassroom.Couldyouhelpme,please1. The cat _ on the kitchen floor when I came in.A. was lyingB. was laying C. liedD. lay2. Can you spare time to come to our Thanksgiving party? Well, I do
7、nt know _A. that I can finish my work by thenB. if can I finish the work by thenC. whether I can finish the work by thenD. that can I finish the work by then 3. _ fine weather it is today!A. What aB. How a C. WhatD. How4. Ive decided to go to London next weekend. I was wondering _ you could go with
8、me.A. ifB. when C. thatD. Where5. Mother told me sound _ slower than light.A. traveledB. travel C. travelsD. traveling解析：1. A 由句意“当我进来时，猫正卧在厨房的地板上”可知，此处应用过去进行时，lie（躺）的现在分词为lying，故选A。2. C 由句意“你能抽时间参见感恩节聚会吗？ 我不太确定那是我能不能完成我的工作。且宾语从句中从句为陈述句语序，故选C。3. C weather为不可数名词，故用what引导感叹句且不用冠词a。4. A 句意：我已经决定下周末去伦敦。
9、我想知道你是否能和我一起去。故选A。5. C 句意：妈妈告诉我声音传播得比光慢。宾语从句所述内容为客观真理时，其时态要用一般现在时，故选C。基础演练从方框中选择合适的词完成句子，注意词形的变化put on, lay, treat, lie, steal, end up, spread, tie1. Kate ate five meals a day during the summer vacation. She has _ 8 pounds.2. I am going to _ myself to a new pair of shoes.3. Santa Claus _ love and jo
10、y everywhere he goes.4. If he doesnt make a change, he will _ in prison.5. She _ the baby down gently on the bed last night.6. Clothes were _ all over the floor.7. Weve found out hed been _ from us for years.8. Common gifts for Fathers Day are shirts and _.答案： 1.put on 2. treat 3. spreads 4. end up
11、5. laid 6. lying 7. stealing 8. Ties巩固提高一将下列句子改为感叹句，每空一词。1. The weather is fine._ _ _ it is!2. The stories are very boring._ _ the stories are!3. The building is so tall._ _ tall building it is!4. Tom is running very fast._ _ Tom is running!5. The boy is very lazy._ _ the boy is!答案：What fine weather
12、 How boring 3. What a4. How fast 5. How lazy二将下列句子合并成含宾语从句的复合句。1. The girl dances very well. I believe._2. They will visit the Great Wall next Friday. Im sure._3. Can Mike speak Chinese? I wonder._Is she washing clothes at home? Nobody knows._5. You should say hello to her. I think._答案： 1. believe (
13、that) the girl dances very well.2. Im sure (that) they will visit the Great Wall next Friday.3. I wonder whether / if Mike can speak Chinese.4. Nobody knows whether / if she is washing clothes at home.5. I think (that) you should say hello to her.一. 选择填空。 1. Ive enjoyed _ to talk with you.A. to he a
14、ble B. being able C. to been able D. of being able2. Does it matter _ it rains tomorrow?A. that B. weather C. if D. as 3. _ food youve cooked!A. How nice B. What niceC. How a nice D. What an nice4. It is a time for _.A. remembering loved ones who have departedB. remember loved ones who have departed
15、C. to remember loved ones who have departedD. have remembered loved ones who have departed 5. The little girl who _ on the bed _ to her mother that the old hen had _ two eggs.A. lay; lay; lied B. lied; lied; lied C. laid; laid; laid D. lay; lied; laid6 Let me know _ you can come or not.A. whether B.
16、 when C. how D. what 7. _ great day! Lets go out to have a picnic.A. What a B. What C. How D. How a8. You will be late for school _ you dont get up early. A. but B. if C. and D. or9. A lot of trees _ around here every year, and we can enjoy fresher air now.A. were planted B. are plantedC. will plant
17、 D. are planting10. What nice model planes! Can you show us _ you make them? A. whether B. how C. why D. which11. I dont know _.A. what time the movie startsB. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the movieD. the movie what time starts12. The doctor asked me how long _.A. was I ill B. have
18、 I been illC. I have been ill D. I had been ill13. The weather forecast doesnt say _.A. if it rains tomorrowB. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrow14. Do you know _?A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong toD. whom the pen belong
19、 to15. Could you tell me where _? A. the tape was B. was the tapeC. the tape is D. is the tape答案：BCBAD AABBB ADCBC 二 完型。Mothers Day is a time of commemoration (纪念) and celebration for Mom. It is a time of breakfast in bed, family gatherings, and crayons scribbling I Love You.The earliest Mothers Day
20、 celebrations can be dated 1 to the spring celebrations of ancient Greece in honor of Rhea, the Mother of the Gods. During 2 , England celebrated a day called Mothering Sunday. Mothering Sunday honored the mothers of 3 . In the United States Mothers Day was first suggested in 1872 by Julia Ward Howe
21、. In 1907, Anna Jarvis, from Philadelphia, began a campaign (运动) to establish (建立) a 4 Mothers Day. Ms Jarvis persuaded (说服) her mothers church in Grafton. West Virginia to celebrate Mothers Day on the second anniversary (周年纪念日) of her mothers 5 , the 2nd Sunday of May. And the next year Mothers Day
22、 6 in Philadelphia. Ms Jarvis and her supporters began to 7 officials, businessmen, and politicians in their quest to establish a national Mothers Day. It was successful. 8 1911 Mothers Day was celebrated in almost every 9 . President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914, announced Mothers Day as a national holi
23、day that was to be held on the 2nd Sunday of May each year.While many countries of the world celebrate their own Mothers Day at 10 throughout the year, there are some countries such as Denmark. Finland, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Belgium which also celebrate Mothers Day on the second Sunday of Ma
24、y.1. A. up B. back C. from D. down2. A. 1620s B. 1620s C. the 1620s D. the 1620s 3. A. America B. world C. England D. Greece4. A. public B. common C. traditional D. national5. A. die B. death C. dying D. Dead6. A. was celebrated B. celebratedC. had celebrated D. had been celebrated7. A. calling B. w
25、rite to C. telephone D. send e-mails to8. A. By B. In C. Before D. After9. A. city B. country C. state D. place10. A. times B. the same timeC. different times D. another time答案: BCCDB ABACC_一、根据汉语提示完成句子1. -Helen, do you know if Martin _ to my party next week? -I think he will come if he _ free. A. w
26、ill come; will be B. will come; is C. comes; is D. comes; will be2. _ clever the boy is! A. How B. What C. What a D. How a3. Have you decided _ for Australia?A. when will you leave B. when do you leaveC. you will leave when D. when you will leave4. Can you tell me _?A. where does Torn live B. where
27、Tom livedC. Tom lives where D. where Tom Lives5. The old man asked me _.A. where was the cinemaB. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema wasD. where was the way to the cinema6. Do you know _ hes married?A. if B. what C. when D. where7. I didnt know _ he will come or not.A. that B. whether C. weather
28、 D. how8. I wonder _.A. how much cost these shoesB. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes costD. how much are these shoes cost9. She asked me _.A. who he was B. who was heC. who is he D. who he is10. Ask him _.A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is thisC. this is whose cup D. whose is th
29、is cup答案：BADDC ABCAA （2015年人教版九年级上期中测试题）二完形填空。 I have a very useful dictionary. It has a lot of words. It gives many meanings for1word. But I alwaysread the first meaning of a word in the dictionary. I never read the other meanings, because I wanted to read my book2This morning,3I was reading a book
30、, I met a strange sentence. It looked4first. Thesentence had six words: Draw a picture of your house I know five words in this sentence, but I didnt understand one word. I5draw. I opened my dictionary and6the first meaning of draw. It was pull. I said to myself Now I know all the words, and I think
31、I can understand the sentence.SO I wrote the meaning of the sentence Pull a picture of your house.I read it, and What is the meaning of it.? I dont understand it. My friend Dick read my new sentence. He laughed. He picked7my dictionary, and said to me. Look, Jack. The second meaning of draw is make
32、a picture8a pen, a pencil9brush. So thesentence means: Make a picture of your house. I understood! I thought Dick was wonderful. And10Iknew how to use my dictionary.( )1. A. some( )2. A. quickly( )3. A. how( )4. A. difficult( )5. A. dont know( )6. A. looked for( )7. A. by( )8. A. use( )9. A. or a( )
33、10. A. at lastB. anotherB. quick B. who B. hardly B. didnt know B. discoveredB. out B. with B. and a B. at the beginningC. eachC. slowC. what C. easyC. knew C. found C. up C. onC. and C. at the endD. the otherD. slowlyD. when D. easily D. knowD. invented D. with D. by D. or D. at first答案： CADCB CCBA
34、A 三 阅读理解。AAround the world, people have different traditional foods to celebrate different festivals. Traditional foods also show a new year of good luck and good health.An English Christmas dinner has a meal of turkey, and it also includes pies and plum puddings (李子布丁). In Germany, Christmas is cel
35、ebrated with bread, cookies and cakes, which are made like Christmas trees. In France, Christmas dessert is a cake filled with butter cream.In southern parts of India, there is a three-day festival in mid-January called Pongal. It includes rice and a dish of rice cooked with sugar that is shared wit
36、h families and friends.Japan celebrates New Year with a seven-day festival. It begins from January 1st. Food is prepared before the festival so people dont need to cook during the festival. On New Years Day, various dishes called Osechi Ryori (御节料理) are servedeach dish is a wish for the New Year. In
37、 most Asian countries, the New Year begins with the first full moon of the first Chinese Lunar (阴历的) month. Each place has its special food to welcome the coming year: People in China prepare their food ahead of time to avoid the possibility that using a knife during New Years time might cut luck. F
38、oods with lucky names are popular, such as fish, which sounds like surplus(剩余). 1. What do you learn from the passage? A. People have different traditional foods to celebrate different festivals. B. New Year begins from January 10th in Japan. C. In France, Christmas dessert is a cake filled with butter. D. Traditional foods only show a new of good luck.2. What did a three-day festival in mid-January in southern parts of India? A. Christmas. B. Pongal. C. N