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1、www.XiYuS锡育软件This is a work in process based on some comments that weremade at TED two years ago about the need for the storage ofvaccine.这项工作目前还在进行中 主要是基于先前的一些意见 两年前在TED所提出的 关于疫苗的储藏问题00:13(Music)（音乐）00:24 On this planet 00:25 1.6 billion people 00:26 dont have access to electricity 00:28 refrigerat
2、ion 00:30 or stored fuels 00:34 this is a problem 00:38 it impacts:00:40 the spread of disease 00:44 the storage of food and medicine 00:46 and the quality of life 00:49 so heres the plan:inexpensive refrigeration that doesntuse electricity.00:52.propane,gas,kerosene or consumables 00:55 time for so
3、me thermodynamics 01:00vaccine:n.疫苗;牛痘苗/adj.疫苗的;牛痘的 refrigeration:n.制冷;冷藏;热冷却 impacts:n.影响(impact的复数);力冲击/v.压紧;冲撞;对产生不良影响(impact的三单形式)inexpensive:adj.便宜的 propane:n.有化丙烷 kerosene:n.煤油，火油consumables:n.经消耗品,消费品;耗材(consumable的复数形式)thermodynamics:n.热力学 And the story of the Intermittent Absorption Refrige
4、rator So 29 years ago,I had this thermo teacher who talked aboutabsorption and refrigeration.在29年以前，我有这样一位热能学老师。他讲过一些关于吸收作用和制冷的相关知识01:02Its one of those things that stuck in my head.之后我一直詺记于心中01:10It was a lot like the Stirling Engine:it was cool but you didntknow what to do with it.它有些像斯特林发动机 它很厉害但
5、是你不知道它能用在什么地方01:12And it was invented in 1858 by this guy Ferdinand Carre,buthe couldnt actually build anything with it because of thetools of the time.1858年Ferdinand Carre发明了它 但是他没法制造出来 因为当时的工具条件不允许01:16This crazy Canadian named Powell Crosley commercializedthis thing called the Icyball in 1928,and
6、 it was a really neatidea,and Ill get to why it didnt work,but heres how itworks.后来有个疯狂的加拿大人Powell Crosley 在1928年將这个项目商业化，命名為Icyball 这是个绝妙的想法 但我会告诉大家为什么没有成功 先解析一下运作原理01:23Theres two spheres and theyre separated in distance.这里有两个半球体，中间有一定的距离。01:34One has a working fluid,water and ammonia,and the othe
7、ris a condenser.一个装有工作介质，含水和氨。另一个是冷凝器01:36Intermittent:adj.间歇的；断断续续的；间歇性 Absorption:n.吸收;全神贯注,专心致志 thermo:adj.热的;热电的commercialized:adj.商业化的/v.使商品化;靠赚钱(commercialize的过去分词)spheres:n.数球体(sphere的复数);球形包围盒/v.把放在球体内(sphere的第三人称单数形式)fluid:adj.流动的;流畅的;不固定的/n.流体;液体 ammonia:n.无化氨,阿摩尼亚 condenser:n.冷凝器;电电容器;光聚光
8、器You heat up one side,the hot side.当你將一侧加热时，热的这一侧01:40The ammonia evaporates and it re-condenses in the otherside.氨开始蒸发 然后它会在另一侧重新凝固01:42You let it cool to room temperature,and then,as theammonia re-evaporates and combines with the water backon the erstwhile hot side,it creates a powerful cooling ef
9、fect.之后让它降到室温 当氨重新蒸发时会与水结合 回到先前的热的一侧 它会产生很强大的制冷效果01:46So it was a great idea that didnt work at all:it blew up.这个想法虽然很好，但是不可行：它会炸掉01:55Because using ammonia you get hugely high pressures if youheated them wrong.因为用氨会产生很大的压力 如果你的加热不当01:58It topped 400 psi.The ammonia was toxic.It sprayedeverywhere.压力
10、会超过每平方寸400磅，有毒的氨会四处飞溅。02:04But it was kind of an interesting thought.但这个想法很不错。02:08TED演讲者：Adam Grosser|亚当格.罗塞特演讲标题：A new vision for refrigeration|可持续冰箱内容概要：Adam Grosser is a general partner at Foundation Capital-and a refrigerationvisionary.Adam Grosser的项目是关于建造一种不需使用电的冰箱，并利用它把重要的需要冷藏的医疗物品运往世界各地的村庄和诊
11、所。目前通过对一些旧技术的调整，他已经有一套系统可以做到这一点。So,the great thing about 2006 is theres a lot of really greatcomputational work you can do.所以到了2006年事情有了进展 我们可以用很多数据来计算研究02:10So we got the whole thermodynamics department atStanford involved.我们还得到斯坦福大学 热力学系的参与02:16A lot of computational fluid dynamics.基于大量流体力学的研究计算02
12、:20heat up:加热/变热/升温 evaporates:n.蒸发岩;蒸发盐/v.蒸发;消失;衰退(evaporate的三单形式)erstwhile:adj.以前的;从前的;往昔的/adv.以前;往昔地 psi:n.希腊字母的第23个字母 toxic:adj.有毒的；中毒的 sprayed:adj.喷雾的/v.喷射;散布(spray的过去式和过去分词)computational:adj.计算的 dynamics:n.动力学,力学We proved that most of the ammonia refrigeration tables arewrong.我们证明了大部分关于氨制冷的数据是
13、错的02:22We found some non-toxic refrigerants that worked at verylow-vapor pressures.我们发现了一些无毒的制冷剂 能於極低蒸汽压下運作02:25Brought in a team from the UK-theres a lot of greatrefrigeration people,it turned out,in the UK-and built atest rig,and proved that in fact we could make a lowpressure,non-toxic refrigerat
14、or.这是从英国小组那里带来的 他們有很多优秀的冷冻学人才 在英国 并建立了一个试验台，并证明了 我们可以造出低压力，无毒的制冷器02:29So this is the way it works.以下是运作原理02:41You put it on a cooking fire.你可以在煮食炉灶上加热它02:42Most people have cooking fires in the world,whether itscamel dung or wood.全世界大部分人都有煮食炉灶吧 无论燃料是骆驼粪便或木材。02:43It heats up for about 30 minutes,cool
15、s for an hour.加热30分钟，之后凉一个小时02:47Put it into a container and it will refrigerate for 24 hours.把它放入容器中 那么它就可以制冷24个小时02:50It looks like this.This is the fifth prototype.Its not quitedone.它看上去是这样的，这是第5个样机，还不是太完美。02:55Weighs about eight pounds,and this is the way it works.重大约8磅，它是这样用的。02:59You put it in
16、to a 15-liter vessel,about three gallons,and itllcool it down to just above freezing,three degrees abovefreezing,for 24 hours in a 30 degree Celsius environment.Itsreally cheap.把它放入一个15升的容器中，大约三加仑，它就可以冷却到冰点之上 高于冰点3度 在30度的环境中保持24小时，而且它很便宜。03:02non-toxic:adj.无毒的/n.无毒性 dung:vt.施粪肥于/n.粪 refrigerate:vt.冷
17、藏,冷冻;使冷却;使清凉 gallons:n.加仑;大量(gallon的复数);一加仑的容器We think we can build these in high volumes for about 25dollars,in low volumes for about 40 dollars.我们可以大批量的制造，价格约25美元。小批量的价格约40美元。03:13And we think we can make refrigeration something thateverybody can have.我们可以造出 任何人都能拥有的冰箱03:18Thank you.谢谢03:22(Applause)（鼓掌）03:23*Warning:本文是由生成导出，请用于个人学习，不要用于商业用途。否则，导致的一切法律后果，均由您个人承担，锡育软件概不负责。*