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1、www.XiYuS锡育软件JT:Thank you.(Applause)This story starts:I was at a friendshouse,and she had on her shelf a copy of the DSM manual,which is the manual of mental disorders.谢谢。（鼓掌）故事的开头是这样的:我在一个朋友家里 在她的架子上有一本DSM手册 就是精神疾病诊断与统计手册1054311It lists every known mental disorder.它列举了所有已知的精神疾病00:23And it used to b
2、e,back in the 50s,a very slim pamphlet.而在50年代的时候,它还是本苗条的小册子00:25And then it got bigger and bigger and bigger,and now its886 pages long.然后一步一步被增加成大胖子 现在已经有886页厚了00:29And it lists currently 374 mental disorders.目前手册列举了374种精神疾病00:35So I was leafing through it,wondering if I had any mentaldisorders,and
3、it turns out Ive got 12.所以我大致翻阅了一下 好奇我是否有任何精神疾病 结果显示我得了12种00:39(Laughter)Ive got generalized anxiety disorder,which is agiven.（笑声）我得了广泛性焦虑症 这是与生俱来的00:46Ive got nightmare disorder,which is categorized if you haverecurrent dreams of being pursued or declared a failure-and all my dreams involve people
4、chasing me down thestreet going,Youre a failure.我还得了梦魇症 这是根据分类得来的 只要你周期性地梦见被追逐或者被宣判失败 而我的梦里都有人在街道上追赶我 向我叫道,你太失败了00:50disorders:n.无秩序,混乱;小病(disorder的复数形式)/v.电子扰乱(disorder的单三形式)pamphlet:n.小册子 leafing:n.发叶;金属粉末悬浮现象出叶;叶浮/v.长出叶;迅速翻阅(leaf的ing形式)generalized:adj.广义的,普遍的;无显著特点的/v.推广(generalize的过去分词);对进行概括;使一
5、般化 categorized:adj.分类的/v.分类(categorize的过去式)recurrent:adj.复发的;周期性的,经常发生的 pursued:v.追击,追踪;继续从事(pursue的过去分词形式)(Laughter)Ive got parent-child relational problems,which Iblame my parents for.（笑声）我还有亲子关系问题 这得归咎于我父母01:03(Laughter)Im kidding.Im not kidding.（笑声）我开玩笑的,我还真没开玩笑01:10Im kidding.好吧,开玩笑的01:15And Iv
6、e got malingering.我还得了诈病症01:16And I think its actually quite rare to have both malingeringand generalized anxiety disorder,because malingering tendsto make me feel very anxious.我觉得同时拥有诈病症和广泛性焦虑症 这并不是很常见 因为诈病症会让我觉得非常焦虑01:18Anyway I was looking through this book,wondering if I wasmuch crazier than I t
7、hought I was,or maybe its not a goodidea to diagnose yourself with a mental disorder if youre nota trained professional,总之我浏览了这本书 惊讶我比我想象中还要不正常 又或许给自己诊断精神病并不是一个很好的想法 如果你不是一个受过培训的专家01:25or maybe the psychiatry profession has a strange desire tolabel whats essentially normal human behavior as a mental
8、disorder.又或许精神病学专家有一种怪癖 想要将正常的人类行为定义为精神疾病01:35I didnt know which of these things was true,but I thought itwas kind of interesting.我不知道这哪些是真的 但我觉得还蛮有趣的01:45And I thought maybe I should meet a critic of psychiatry toget their view.然后我想我应该和一个精神病学评论家见一面 看看他有什么想法01:49relational:adj.相关的;亲属的 malingering:n.
9、装病/v.装病(malinger的ing形式)/adj.装病的 tends:vi.趋向,倾向;照料,照顾/vt.照料,照管 diagnose:vt.诊断;断定/vi.诊断;判断 psychiatry:n.精神病学;精神病治疗法Which is how I ended up having lunch with theScientologists.所以我就和一个科学论派学者共进午餐01:53It was a man called Brian who runs a crack team ofScientologists who are determined to destroy psychiatry
10、wherever it lies.他叫Brian 他管理着一个一流的科学论派团队 同时也下定决心捣毁所有的精神医学01:58Theyre called the CCHR.他们被称为公民人权委员会（CCHR）02:07And I said to him,Can you prove to me that psychiatry is apseudo-science that cant be trusted?我就跟他说,你能向我证明 精神医学是一门不值得信任的伪科学吗？”02:08And he said,Yes,we can prove it to you.然后他说,“可以,我证明给你看。”02:15
11、And I said,How?我又问,“怎么证明？”02:17And he said,Were going to introduce you to Tony.他说,“我打算介绍Tony给你认识。”02:19And I said,Whos Tony?我问,“谁是Tony？02:22And he said,Tonys in Broadmoor.他说,“Tony现在在布罗德莫。”02:24TED演讲者：Jon Ronson|Jon Ronson演讲标题：Jon Ronson:Strange answers to the psychopath test|精神病测试的另类答案内容概要：Jon Ronso
12、n is a writer and documentary filmmaker who dips into every flavor ofmadness,extremism and obsession.正常和发疯之间是否有明确的界限呢?在这个毛骨悚然的演讲里，Jon Ronson，精神病测试的作者，为我们揭开了正常和发疯之间的灰色地带。（由Julian Treasure现场制作音效和Evan Grant制作动画）Now Broadmoor is Broadmoor Hospital.布罗德莫,就是布罗德莫精神病院02:28It used to be known as the Broadmoor
13、 Asylum for theCriminally Insane.过去被称为精神病犯人的庇护所02:30Its where they send the serial killers and the people whocant help themselves.连环杀手就是被送到那里的 还有那些无法自控的人02:35And I said to Brian,What did Tony do?我又问Brian,“Tony干过什么事？”02:40And he said,Hardly anything.他说,“基本什么也没干02:42pseudo-science:伪科学 Asylum:n.庇护;收容所,
14、救济院 Criminally:adv.刑法上;犯了罪地,有罪地He beat someone up or something,and he decided to fakemadness to get out of a prison sentence.他好像打了人还是其他什么事 然后他决定装疯以此逃过牢狱之灾02:45But he faked it too well,and now hes stuck in Broadmoorand nobody will believe hes sane.但他装得太像了,现在就在那里出不来了 但没人相信他是正常的02:54Do you want us to t
15、ry and get you into Broadmoor to meetTony?你想让我们把你弄进去和Tony见面吗？”03:01So I said,Yes,please.然后我说,“嗯,劳烦你了。”03:05So I got the train to Broadmoor.所以我踏上了前往布罗德莫精神病院的列车03:06I began to yawn uncontrollably around Kempton Park,whichapparently is what dogs also do when anxious-they yawnuncontrollably.我开始控制不住在坎普顿公
16、园附近打哈欠 显然,当狗在焦虑的时候 也会情不自禁地打哈欠03:09And we got to Broadmoor.之后就到了布罗德莫精神病院03:18And I got taken through gate after gate after gate after gateinto the wellness center,which is where you get to meet thepatients.然后我又不停地穿过一道又一道又一道的大门 这才进到健康中心那儿 在那里你才能和病人会面03:19It looks like a giant Hampton Inn.它看起来就像大型的汉普顿酒
17、店03:27Its all peach and pine and calming colors.到处都是桃子菠萝和让人宁静的颜色03:31And the only bold colors are the reds of the panic buttons.唯一比较大胆的颜色则是应急按钮上的红色03:35faked:捏造/假装的样子(fake的过去式,过去分词)sane:adj.健全的;理智的;临床神志正常的 wellness:n.健康 calming:adj.平静的/n.镇定,平静/v.平静下来(calm的ing形式)reds:n.红胶丸(安眠药的俚称);红色的物品(red的复数)And th
18、e patients started drifting in.然后病人开始挪进来03:40And they were quite overweight and wearing sweatpantsand quite docile looking.他们看起来很笨重,穿着宽松的裤子 倒是挺温顺的样子03:43And Brian the Scientologist whispered to me,Theyremedicated,科学论派学者Brian低声跟我说 他们这是服药后的效果03:50which to the Scientologists is like the worst evil in t
19、he world,but Im thinking its probably a good idea.对于科学论派的人来说,这简直就是最残忍的魔鬼我倒不觉得是件坏事03:54(Laughter)And then Brian said,Heres Tony.（笑声）然后Brian说,“Tony来了。”04:00And a man was walking in.然后有个男人走了进来04:04And he wasnt overweight,he was in very good physicalshape.他看起来并不笨重,身材还挺不错04:06And he wasnt wearing sweatpa
20、nts,he was wearing apinstriped suit.也没有穿宽松的裤子 他穿着带有细条纹的西服04:10And he had his arm outstretched like someone out of TheApprentice.他张开双臂 像飞黄腾达里的人一样04:15www.XiYuS锡育软件He looked like a man who wanted to wear an outfit thatwould convince me that he was very sane.他看起来像是想在着装方面显得得体的人 这样似乎会让我相信他是正常人04:19drifti
21、ng:n.漂流;漂流物/adj.漂流的;飘动的/v.电子漂移;游荡;使堆积(drift的ing形式)overweight:adj.超重的;过重的/vt.使负担过重/n.超重 sweatpants:n.(美)宽松长运动裤 docile:adj.温顺的,驯服的;容易教的 whispered:adj.低声的;耳语的/v.窃窃私语(whisper的过去分词);低声地说 medicated:adj.药制的;含药的;掺入药物的/v.用药治疗;加入药品(medicate的过去分词形式)pinstriped:adj.细直条纹的 outstretched:adj.伸开的;扩张的/v.伸出;扩大;伸展得超出的范围
22、(outstretch的过去分词形式)Apprentice:n.学徒;生手/vt.使当学徒/vi.当学徒And he sat down.然后他坐下来04:26And I said,So is it true that you faked your way in here?我说,“你是在这里装疯的对吧？”04:28And he said,Yep.Yep.Absolutely.I beat someone up when Iwas 17.他说,“对,绝对是。我在17岁的时候把别人打伤了04:31And I was in prison awaiting trial,and my cellmate s
23、aid tome,You know what you have to do?之后在监狱里等待审判 我的狱友跟我说 你知道你得做些什么吗04:34Fake madness.装疯04:40Tell them youre mad.Youll get sent to some cushy hospital.告诉他们你疯了,你就会被送到某间舒适的医院04:41Nurses will bring you pizzas.护士会给你带来比萨饼04:45Youll have your own Playstation.你会有自己的PS游戏机。”04:47So I said,Well how did you do
24、it?我又说,“那你是怎么做的？”04:49He said,I asked to see the prison psychiatrist.他说,“我要求去见监狱里的精神病专家04:51And Id just seen a film called Crash in which people getsexual pleasure from crashing cars into walls.而且我又看过冲击效应这部电影 电影里的人用车去撞墙以获得性快感04:54So I said to the psychiatrist,I get sexual pleasure fromcrashing cars
25、into walls.所以我跟精神病专家说 我通过开车撞墙活得性快感。”05:00And I said,What else?我说,“还有吗？”05:05awaiting:v.(事件等)等待(处理);等候;期待;即将降临到身上(await的ing形式)cellmate:n.同牢房的人 cushy:adj.轻松的;容易的;轻松又容易赚钱的 pizzas:比萨饼(pizza的复数)psychiatrist:n.精神病学家,精神病医生He said,Oh,yeah.I told the psychiatrist that I wanted towatch women as they died beca
26、use it would make me feelmore normal.他说,“哦对了,我告诉那个精神病专家 我喜欢看女人死去 因为这让我觉得我比较正常。”05:07And I said,Whered you get that from?我说,“你这是从哪学来的？”05:15He said,Oh,from a biography of Ted Bundy that they hadat the prison library.他说,“哦,从Ted Bundy（连环杀手）的自传 监狱图书馆里有这本书。”05:17Anyway he faked madness too well,he said.总
27、之,他说他装得太像了05:21And they didnt send him to some cushy hospital.结果他们没把他送到某间舒适的医院05:26They sent him to Broadmoor.反而送到了布罗德莫精神病院05:28And the minute he got there,he said he took one look at theplace,asked to see the psychiatrist,said,Theres been aterrible misunderstanding.他到这里的那一刻 他说他看了下四周的环境,然后要求去见精神病医生
28、说,“这当中有着难以解释的误会05:30Im not mentally ill.我并没有任何精神疾病。”05:36I said,How long have you been here for?我问,“你在这待了多长时间了？”05:39He said,Well,if Id just done my time in prison for theoriginal crime,Id have got five years.他说,“唉,如果我只在狱中服刑的话 我只要待五年05:41Ive been in Broadmoor for 12 years.但我在布罗德莫精神病院已经12年了。”05:47Ton
29、y said that its a lot harder to convince people youre sanethan it is to convince them youre crazy.Tony说,要使别人相信你是正常人是十分困难的 而使别人相信你疯了则简单得多05:53biography:n.传记；档案；个人简介 the minute:一就 mentally:adv.精神上,智力上;心理上He said,I thought the best way to seem normal would be totalk to people normally about normal thin
30、gs like football orwhats on TV.他说,“要显得正常,我觉得最好的方法 就是和他人正常地交谈,聊一聊正常的事物 像足球或电视上的事情05:59I subscribe to New Scientist,and recently it had an articleabout how the U.S.Army was training bumblebees to sniffout explosives.我有订阅新科学家这份杂志 最近他们发表了一篇文章 关于美国军队训练大黄蜂来侦查爆炸物的06:06So I said to a nurse,Did you know that
31、 the U.S.army istraining bumblebees to sniff out explosives?然后我跟护士说 你知道美国军队正在训练大黄蜂来侦查爆炸物吗06:14When I read my medical notes,I saw theyd written:Believesbees can sniff out explosives.当我看到我的医疗记录时 我看到他们写到“相信蜜蜂能侦查爆炸物”06:20He said,You know,theyre always looking out for non-verbal clues to my mental state.
32、他说,“你知道,他们总是在寻找 非言语的线索来判断我的心理状态06:27But how do you sit in a sane way?但你是如何用正常人的方式坐的？06:32How do you cross your legs in a sane way?你又如何用正常人的方式翘脚的？06:35Its just impossible.这简直就是天荒夜谈。”06:38And when Tony said that to me,I thought to myself,Am Isitting like a journalist?当Tony告诉我这些的时候 我心想,“我坐得像个记者吗06:40su
33、bscribe to:订阅;同意;捐款 bumblebees:n.昆大黄蜂 sniff out:发现;寻找 explosives:n.爆炸物,化工炸药;爆炸品(explosive的复数)sniff:vi.嗅;嗤之以鼻/vt.嗅;闻;用力吸;发觉/n.吸,闻;嗤之以鼻;气味;以鼻吸气;吸气声 non-verbal:adj.非语言的;非用言语的 sit in:列席,旁听;参加;代理Am I crossing my legs like a journalist?我翘脚翘得像个记者吗？”06:44He said,You know,Ive got the Stockwell Strangler on o
34、neside of me and Ive got the Tiptoe Through the Tulips rapiston the other side of me.他说,“我的邻居一边住着斯托克威尔扼杀者案的凶手 另一边住着整天哼唱着踮起脚尖穿过郁金香花丛的强奸犯06:48So I tend to stay in my room a lot because I find them quitefrightening.因为他们其实挺可怕的,所以我大部分时间是在自己房间的06:57And they take that as a sign of madness.但他们将此当作发疯的征兆07:00
35、They say it proves that Im aloof and grandiose.他们说这表明我冷漠并浮夸。”07:03So only in Broadmoor would not wanting to hang out withserial killers be a sign of madness.所以只有在这里,不想和连环杀手交往 才是发疯的征兆07:06Anyway he seemed completely normal to me-but what did总之他对我来说完全正常但我又知道些什么呢07:12Anyway he seemed completely normal
36、to me-but what didI know?呢07:12And when I got home I emailed his clinician,AnthonyMaden.当我回到家时我给他的临床医生Anthony Maden发了电邮07:15I said,Whats the story?我问,“这里面有什么故事吗？”07:19And he said,Yep.We accept that Tony faked madness toget out of a prison sentence because his hallucinations thathad seemed quite clic
37、h?to begin with just vanished theminute he got to Broadmoor.他说,“对,我们知道Tony装疯以逃牢狱之灾 因为起初他陈述的老掉牙的幻想 在他踏入布罗德莫精神病院那刻便了无踪影07:20Strangler:n.压制者;扼杀者;阻气门 Tiptoe:n.脚尖;趾尖/vi.用脚尖走/adv.用脚尖/adj.踮着脚走的;偷偷摸摸的 Tulips:n.园艺郁金香(tulip的复数形式)rapist:n.强奸犯 frightening:adj.令人恐惧的;引起突然惊恐的 aloof:adj.冷淡的;远离的;冷漠的/adv.远离;避开地 grand
38、iose:adj.宏伟的;堂皇的;浮夸的;宏大的 hang out with:与出去玩;与闲逛 clinician:n.临床医生 hallucinations:心理幻觉 begin with:以开始;开始于 vanished:n.销声匿迹,无影无踪(美国电视连续剧剧名)However,we have assessed him.但是,我们对他进行了测试07:32And we have determined that what he is is a psychopath.所以我们才决定把他诊断为精神病患者07:34And in fact,faking madness is exactly the
39、kind of cunningand manipulative act of a psychopath.事实上,装疯 正是一种精神病患者狡猾和控制欲强的表现行为07:39Its on the checklist:cunning and manipulative.它就写在检核表上:狡猾且控制欲强07:45So faking your brain going wrong is evidence that your brainhas gone wrong.所以假装大脑出了问题 就是你大脑真的出问题的证据07:48And I spoke to other experts,and they said t
40、he pinstripedsuit-classic psychopath.然后我又跟其他专家交流了 他们说带条纹的西服典型的精神病患者07:53Speaks to items one and two on the checklist-glibness,superficial charm and grandiose sense of self-worth.证明了检核表上的第一和第二项 口若悬河,迷人外表和自恋的浮夸感07:58And I said,Well,what,he didnt want to hang out with theother patients?我又说,“好吧,那他不想和其他病
41、人来往又怎么说呢？”08:05Classic psychopath-it speaks to grandiosity and also lackof empathy.典型精神病患者这证明了浮夸和缺乏同理心08:08assessed:v.对进行评估(assess过去时形式)psychopath:n.精神病患者 faking:n.作伪;诈骗/v.假装;编造;冒充(fake的ing形式)cunning:adj.狡猾的;巧妙的;可爱的/n.狡猾 manipulative:adj.巧妙处理的;操纵的,用手控制的 checklist:n.清单;检查表;备忘录;目录册 self-worth:n.自我价值;自
42、尊;自负 grandiosity:n.宏伟;夸张 empathy:n.神入;移情作用;执着So all the things that had seemed most normal about Tonywas evidence,according to his clinician,that he was mad inthis new way.所以那些对于Tony来说都是十分正常的事 都是病证,根据他的医生的说法 这是一种新型的发疯08:12He was a psychopath.他就是个精神病患者08:21And his clinician said to me,If you want to
43、know more aboutpsychopaths,you can go on a psychopath spotting courserun by Robert Hare who invented the psychopath checklist.然后他的医生又跟我说“如果你想多一些了解精神病患者 你可以去参加“观察精神病患者课程”是由发明“病态人格检核表”的Robert Hare授课的08:23So I did.我还真参加了08:33I went on a psychopath spotting course,and I am now acertified-and I have to s
44、ay,extremely adept-psychopathspotter.我报名参加了“观察精神病患者课程”现在我是一名持证的 不得不说,还挺资深的 精神病患者观察员08:34So heres the statistics:One in a hundred regular people is apsychopath.这有些数据:100个普通正常人当中就有一个精神病患者08:45So theres 1,500 people in his room.而这个大厅里有1500人08:52Fifteen of you are psychopaths.所以当中有15个人是精神病患者08:56Althoug
45、h that figure rises to four percent of CEOs andbusiness leaders.并且这个比例会在CEO和商业领导者中 上升到4%09:02So I think theres a very good chance theres about 30 or 40psychopaths in this room.所以我觉得这是非常难得的机会 在这个大厅里约有30到40名精神病患者09:07psychopaths:n.心理病态性格;精神病者(psychopath的复数)spotting:n.测定点位;合模/v.沾上污渍;散布;用点装饰(spot的ing形式)
46、Hare:n.野兔 certified:adj.被证明的;有保证的;具有证明文件的/v.证明,证实;颁发合格证书(certify的过去分词形式)adept:adj.熟练的;擅长的/n.内行;能手 spotter:n.着弹点观察员;监视人;测位仪;检路器 statistics:n.统计;统计学;统计统计资料It could be carnage by the end of the night.可能在今晚结束的时候会有大屠杀09:15(Laughter)(Laughs)Hare said the reason why is becausecapitalism at its most ruthles
47、s rewards psychopathicbehavior-the lack of empathy,the glibness,cunning,manipulative.（笑声）Hare解释说原因来自资本主义的冷酷无情 造就了精神疾病的行为 缺乏同理心,口若悬河狡猾,控制欲强09:17In fact,capitalism,perhaps at its most remorseless,is aphysical manifestation of psychopathy.事实上,或许冷酷无情的资本主义 正是精神疾病的物质表现09:36Its like a form of psychopathy t
48、hats come down to affect usall.这也是精神疾病的一种形式 归根到底会影响着我们09:44And Hare said to me,You know what?Forget about someguy at Broadmoor who may or may not have faked madness.Hare还跟我说,“你知道吗？别再想布罗德莫精神病院里 哪个可能装疯,哪个是真疯09:50Who cares?Thats not a big story.谁在乎呢？那并不重要,09:54The big story,he said,is corporate psychop
49、athy.重要的是,”他接着说,“是企业型变态人格09:56You want to go and interview yourself some corporatepsychopaths.你可以亲自去采访一些企业里的精神病患者。”09:58So I gave it a try.I wrote to the Enron people.所以我就试了下。我给安然公司（Enron）写了信10:03carnage:n.大屠杀;残杀;大量绝灭 ruthless:adj.无情的,残忍的 rewards:n.劳经奖励;奖品(reward的复数)/v.劳经奖赏;酬谢;报答(reward的单三形式)psychop
50、athic:adj.精神病的;精神错乱的/n.精神变态者 remorseless:adj.冷酷的;不知过错的;坚持不懈的;不屈不挠的 manifestation:n.表现;显示;示威运动 psychopathy:n.精神变态,精神病I said,Could I come and interview you in prison to find out ityoure psychopaths?我说,“我能来你们这并在狱中采访下你们 看看你们是不是精神病患者吗？”10:06And they didnt reply.之后就杳无音讯了10:10So I changed tack.所以我换了另一种方式10