《2023年北京卷英语真题(原卷版).docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2023年北京卷英语真题(原卷版).docx（16页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、2023年北京市高考英语试卷第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。the school made me evento anyone around me. NowI was always timid（羞怯的）.Being new to1 , so it was surprising I d 2I was paying the price - to write a five - page essay on “Why I Should NotTalk in Classv . That
2、 would take all night!After I got home, though. I took my time petting the cat - postponing the pain.When I finally sat down to 3, I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear.Talking kept me and my neighbours from 4. One paragraph down;now what? I chewed on my pencil. Aha! What if talking w
3、ere the first step towards life as a criminal? Without the education I was throwing away, I d turn to theft and go to prison. When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class. ” The pages began 5.But when mum got home from work, I was still 6, “Five pages!That s impossible!“Well, you d b
4、etter get back to work, “ she said, “and I want to read it when you re through. ”Soon after dinner, I handed the essay to mum. I half expected a 7D. Bias towards the present helps reduce near-term desires.What is life? Like most great questions, this one is easy to ask but difficult to answer. The r
5、eason is simple: we know of just one type of life and it s challenging to do science with a sample size of one. The field of artificial life-called ALife for short 一 is the systematic attempt to spell out life s fundamental principles. Many of these practitioners, so-called ALifers, think that someh
6、ow making life is the surest way to really understand what life is.So far no one has convincingly made artificial life. This track record makes ALife a ripe target for criticism, such as declarations of the field, s doubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a complexity scientist, is tired of such comp
7、laints. Asking about “the pointv of ALife might be, well, missing the point entirely, he says. The existence of a living system is not about the use of anything. Alan says. Some people ask me, So what s the worth of artificial life? Do you ever think, What is the worth of your grandmother? ”As much
8、as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research s applications, the attempts to create artificial life could have practical payoffs. Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife s cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamoredby a concept called open-ended evolution （演化）.This is the capac
9、ity for a system to create essentially endless complexity, to be a sort of unovelty generatorv . The only system known to exhibit this is Earth, s biosphere. If the field of ALife manages to reproduce life s endless “creativity” in some virtual model, those same principles could give rise to truly i
10、nventive machines.Compared with the developments of Al, advances in ALife are harder to recognize. One reason is that ALife is a field in which the central concept 一 life itself 一 is undefined. The lack of agreement among ALifers doesn, t help either. The result is a diverse line of projects that ea
11、ch advance along their unique paths. For better or worse, ALife mirrors the very subject it studies. Its muddled （混舌L的）progression is a striking parallel （平行线）to the evolutionary struggles that have shaped Earth biosphere.Undefined and uncontrolled, ALife drives its followers to repurpose old ideas
12、and generated novelty. It may be, of course, that these characteristics aren t in any way surprising or singular. They may apply universally to all acts of evolution. Ultimately ALife may be nothing special. But even this dismissal suggests something： perhaps, just like life itself throughout the un
13、iverse, the rise of ALife will prove unavoidable.31. Regarding Alan Smith s defence of ALife, the author is.A. supportive B. puzzledC. unconcerned D. doubtful32. What does the word “enamored” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A. Shocked. B. Protected. C. Attracted. D. Challenged.33. What
14、can we learn from this passage?A ALife holds the key to human future. B. ALife and AI share a common feature.D. AI speeds up the process ofC. AI mirrors the developments of ALife.human evolution.34. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. Life Is Undefined. Can AI Be a Way Out?B. Life Evolv
15、es. Can AI Help ALife Evolve, Too?C. Life Is Undefined. Can ALife Be Defined One Day?D. Life Evolves. Can Attempts to Create ALife Evolve, Too?第二节（共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。It s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their familie
16、s as they make decisions about where to attendcollege. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.35When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. 36Emerging research suggests that courses in
17、 lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. 37 The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predicto
18、rs of a wide range of college outcomes.Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment （注册）or funding. 38 Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teachi
19、ng, the lower their salary. What is the result? Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.39 Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments.
20、In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though the schools
21、 may be ranked lower.A. Higher education has achieved its true potential.B. Therefore, it s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-bui1ding factor.D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.E. Efforts to improve t
22、eaching at the university level have recently emerged.F. They re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to otherranking factors.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4题;第（1）、（2）题各2分，第题3分，第题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域
23、作答。Habit formation is the process by which behaviours become automatic. People develop countless habits as they explore the world, whether they are aware of them or not. Understanding how habits take shape may be helpful in changing bad habits.Habits are built through learning and repetition. A pers
24、on is thought to develop a habit in the course of pursuing goals by beginning to associate certain cues （刺激） with behavioural responses that help meet the goal. Over time, thoughts of the behaviour and ultimately the behaviour itself are likely to be triggered（触发）by these cues.A “habit loop（环）“ is a
25、 way of describing several related elements that produce habits. These elements are called the cue, the routine, and the reward. For example, stress could serve as a cue that one responds to by eating, which produces the reward - the reduction of stress. While a routine involves repeated behaviour,
26、it s not necessarily performed in response to a deep - rooted urge, as a habit is.Old habits can be difficult to shake, and healthy habits are often harder to develop. But through repetition, it s possible to form new habits. The amount of time needed to build a habit will depend on multiple factors
27、, including the individual and the intended behaviour. While youare able to pickup a new habit in a few weeks, it takes many months to build a healthy habit. Take some time to think about what leads to bad habits and re - evaluate what you get out of them (or don t). Consider and keep in mind why yo
28、u want to make a change, including how the change reflects your values.40. How are habits built?41. In what way is a routine different from a habit?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while build
29、ing a healthy habit takes a shorter time.43. What benefit (s) have you got from one of your good habits? (In about40 words)第二节(20分)44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim正在策划一次以“绿色 北京”为主题的社团活动，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内 容包括：(1)活动形式；活动内容。注意：（1）词数100左右；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,Yours,Li Hua-at least an “I hope you v
30、e learned your lesson” .8, mumlaughed and laughed as she read.The next day, when Ms Black read the essay to the class, everyone laughedI could 9they weren t making fun of me: they laughed becausestill needed someI had the power to tell a funny story. My 10nudging （激发）,1. A. freer2. A. nod3. A. weep4
31、. A. learning5. A.6. A.but I did learn I wasn t shy in print.standing outB.celebrating B.B. shyerB. pointB. restB. playing flying by longing7. A. lecture8. A. Therefore9. A. hope10. A. patience第二节（共15分）B. reasonB. MoreoverB. imagineB. confidenceC calmerC. listenC. writeC. planningC. breaking upC. co
32、mplainingC. rewardC. MeanwhileC. tellC. toleranceD. happierD. chatD. readD. laughingD. checking inD. warningD. solutionD. InsteadD. predictD. independenceA阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单 词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones onpunctuality （守时）.I m
33、 British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I11 （throw） a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 12 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 13 (arrive) and my hostess wa
34、s still in her sleeping suit.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单 词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Mangroves, known as “red forest“ in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When 14 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.Mangroves can help soften waves
35、and protect 15 (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as ucoastal guardians” . Up to now, China 16 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.c阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单 词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs ha
36、ve a guiding purpose: to call attention 17 global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 18 thousands were attending a water conference. She called for action19 (address)the struggles of people around the world20(face) “too little water or too dirty water” . He
37、r efforts haveencouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called “Run Blue” .第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The International Olympic Committee (IOC)Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a positive difference in their commu
38、nities through sport. Twenty-five Young Leaders are being selected every two years for a four-year period. They promote the Olympic values, spreading the message of sport for good.To be an IOC Young Leader, you need to first complete the 4-Week Learning Sprint (冲刺).4-Week Learning SprintThe 4-Week L
39、earning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. Each week, participants will be asked to complete a topic - specific reflection task.The 4-Week Learning Sp
40、rint is open to anyone, with the target audience aged between 20 and 28.After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport - based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader.Requirements for the Applicants You have successfull
41、y completed the 4-Week Learning Sprint. You have completed your high school studies You have at least one year of work experience. You have strong public speaking skills. You are self-motivated and committed. You are passionate about creating positive change in your community. You are open to being
42、coached and advised by experts and peers （同 伴）. You are able to work with people from different backgrounds.21. In the 4-Week Learning Sprint, participants will .A. create change in their community B. attend a virtual learning programmeC. meet people from different backgrounds D. promote the IOC You
43、ng Leaders project22. If selected as an IOC Young Leader, one will need to .A. complete a reflection task each week B. watch sports on the IOC channelC. work on a sport-based project D. coach and advise their peers23. Which is a requirement for the applicants?A. Spreading the message of sport for go
44、od. B. Having at least one-year work experience.C. Showing great passion for project planning. D. Committing themselves to becoming an expert.Sitting in the garden for my friend s birthday. I felt a buzz （振 动）in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender s name. The email started off: Dea
45、r Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and the review process took longer than expected. It ended with “We are sorry to inform youand my vision blurred （模糊）.The position一measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme 一 had felt like the answer I had spen
46、t years looking for.I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career.So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in
47、 her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked一and overjoyed一when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all.I
48、 found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue.When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied withthe