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1、中考英语语法复习主谓一致知识讲解一、there be 句型1.There be 句型结构： “There be + 主语 + 地点” 表示某地有某人或物Eg: There is a bird in the tree。树上有一只鸟。2.如何判断Be动词的数：be动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。如果主语部分有两个或两个以上的并列主语时，be动词一般与临近主语的数保持一致，即为“临近原则”Eg: There is a book on the desk. 桌子上有一本书。（书是单数）There is some water in the bottle. 瓶里有些水。（水不可数故用单数）There a
2、re some pencils in the box. 盒子里有一些铅笔。（笔为可数名词复数）There is a desk and five chairs here.这有一张桌子和五把椅子。（临近be动词的桌子为单数）There are five chairs and a desk here.这有五把椅子和一张桌子。（临近be动词的椅子为复数）二、主谓一致：临近原则“临近原则”指谓语动词的单复性取决于离其近的主语而判定。1.具有临近原则的连词有：either.or.(或者.或者.）；neither.nor.(既不.也不.)；not only.but also.(不但.而且.);Eg: Not
3、 only I but also Lily likes reading.不但我而且丽丽喜欢阅读。2.在倒装句中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。Eg: Here is a bus./ Here are some photos.这里有一辆公共汽车/这有一些照片。3.在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。Eg: I know the man who is talking to Mr.Wang.我认识那个和王先生说话的男士。三、语法一致1.动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Eg: Learning English is very impor
4、tant for us.学英语对我们很重要。2.the number of + 可数名词复数（.的数量），作主语时谓语动词用单数。Eg: The number of the students in our class is 32.我们班学生的数量是32人。3.a number of + 可数名词复数（许多.），作主语时谓语动词用复数。Eg: A number of trees are planted this year.今年种了许多树。4.both.anD.(两者都),作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Eg: Both Lily and Lucy are good students.丽丽和露西都是好学
5、生。5.当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with; as well as; together with; besides; except; but; including等短语时，谓语动词不受这些插入语的干扰，依然和主语保持一致。Eg: I, along with sister, am going to Shanghai.我和姐姐要去上海。6.a lot of/lots of/plenty of/most of + 名词，作主语时，谓语动词取决于主语。Eg: Lots of old people like to take walks here.许多老人喜欢在这散步。7.分数或百分数 + 名词
6、，作主语时，谓语动词取决于主语。Eg: Two thirds of the work has been finisheD. 三分之二的工作被完成了。四、意义一致1.集体名词（如：family/class/team/group/public),取决于主语意义。Eg: My host family is really nice.我的房东真的很好。My family are at home now.我们一家人现在都在家。2.集合名词(如：people/police/cattle等)，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Eg: The police are helping a girl look for her
7、 mother.警察正在帮一个女孩找她的妈妈。3.the + 姓氏名词复数，表示“.一家人”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Eg: The Greens are having a picnic under the tree.格林一家人正在树下野餐。4.the + 某些形容词，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Eg: The young are energetic.年轻人都很有精力。5.and 连接并列主语，表示同一个人或物时（即and后面无冠词),谓语动词用单数。Eg: A famous writer and teacher is going to give a speech in our school.这位著名的作家和老师将在我们进行演讲。6.表示重量、度量、时间、长度、价格、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Eg: Two months is a long holiday.两个月是一个很长的假期。2