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1、中考英语语法复习主谓一致知识讲解练习一、there be 句型1.There be 句型结构： “There be + 主语 + 地点” 表示某地有某人或物Eg: There is a bird in the tree。树上有一只鸟。2.如何判断Be动词的数：be动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。如果主语部分有两个或两个以上的并列主语时，be动词一般与临近主语的数保持一致，即为“临近原则”Eg: There is a book on the desk. 桌子上有一本书。（书是单数）There is some water in the bottle. 瓶里有些水。（水不可数故用单数）There
2、 are some pencils in the box. 盒子里有一些铅笔。（笔为可数名词复数）There is a desk and five chairs here.这有一张桌子和五把椅子。（临近be动词的桌子为单数）There are five chairs and a desk here.这有五把椅子和一张桌子。（临近be动词的椅子为复数）二、主谓一致：临近原则“临近原则”指谓语动词的单复性取决于离其近的主语而判定。1.具有临近原则的连词有：either.or.(或者.或者.）；neither.nor.(既不.也不.)；not only.but also.(不但.而且.);Eg: N
3、ot only I but also Lily likes reading.不但我而且丽丽喜欢阅读。2.在倒装句中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。Eg: Here is a bus./ Here are some photos.这里有一辆公共汽车/这有一些照片。3.在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。Eg: I know the man who is talking to Mr.Wang.我认识那个和王先生说话的男士。三、语法一致1.动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Eg: Learning English is very imp
4、ortant for us.学英语对我们很重要。2.the number of + 可数名词复数（.的数量），作主语时谓语动词用单数。Eg: The number of the students in our class is 32.我们班学生的数量是32人。3.a number of + 可数名词复数（许多.），作主语时谓语动词用复数。Eg: A number of trees are planted this year.今年种了许多树。4.both.anD.(两者都),作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Eg: Both Lily and Lucy are good students.丽丽和露西都是
5、好学生。5.当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with; as well as; together with; besides; except; but; including等短语时，谓语动词不受这些插入语的干扰，依然和主语保持一致。Eg: I, along with sister, am going to Shanghai.我和姐姐要去上海。6.a lot of/lots of/plenty of/most of + 名词，作主语时，谓语动词取决于主语。Eg: Lots of old people like to take walks here.许多老人喜欢在这散步。7.分数或百分数 +
6、名词，作主语时，谓语动词取决于主语。Eg: Two thirds of the work has been finisheD. 三分之二的工作被完成了。四、意义一致1.集体名词（如：family/class/team/group/public),取决于主语意义。Eg: My host family is really nice.我的房东真的很好。My family are at home now.我们一家人现在都在家。2.集合名词(如：people/police/cattle等)，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Eg: The police are helping a girl look for h
7、er mother.警察正在帮一个女孩找她的妈妈。3.the + 姓氏名词复数，表示“.一家人”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Eg: The Greens are having a picnic under the tree.格林一家人正在树下野餐。4.the + 某些形容词，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Eg: The young are energetic.年轻人都很有精力。5.and 连接并列主语，表示同一个人或物时（即and后面无冠词),谓语动词用单数。Eg: A famous writer and teacher is going to give a speech in our
8、 school.这位著名的作家和老师将在我们进行演讲。6.表示重量、度量、时间、长度、价格、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Eg: Two months is a long holiday.两个月是一个很长的假期。五、练习 ( )1.Doing eye exercises _ one of the most useful ways to protect our eyes.A.is B.are C.were D.was( )2.It _ five years since we met last time.A.was B.were C.has been D.have been( )3
9、.All my family _ my sons birthday at home.A.celebrated B.are celebrating C.is celebrating D.have celebrated( )4.Mary as well as his classmates _ having an English test now.A.are B.was C.were D.is( )5.Listen! There _ someone _ at the door.A.is; knocking B.is; knock C.are; knocking D.are; knock( )6.Th
10、ere _ a number of books in our library.A.is B.are C.was D.were( )7.The number of students in our school _ 5,000.A.is B.are C.was D.were( )8.There _ eight pencils and a pen in the pencil case.A.is B.are C.was D.will be( )9.Neither Tony nor I _ interested in playing computer games.A.am B.is C.are D.be
11、( )10.Not only Tom but also his father _ reading.A.enjoy B.enjoys C.enjoyed D.has enjoyed( )11.For kids of this age, two hours of sitting in a classroom _ too long.A.is B.are C.was D.were( )12.One of my friends _ from Russia.A.was B.has C.comes D.are( )13.Both Lily and Lucy _ having dinner together
12、now.A.are B.were C.is D.was( )14.There _ plenty of trees and flowers in the park.A.is B.was C.are D.were( )15.Three fifth of the workers _ working in the factory.A.is B.are C.has D.will( )16.People in our country _ proud of our country.A.is B.was C.were D.are( )17.Here _ your tickets.A.is B.are C.wi
13、ll D.has( )18.Forty minutes _ enough for us to solve this problem.A.is B.are C.will D.has( )19.When to go _ not been decideD.A.have B.has C.is D.are( )20.This pair of trousers _ big enough for me.A.have B.has C.is D.are( )21.Somebody _ waiting for you at the gate.A.is B.are C.was D.were( )22.The wri
14、ter and the teacher _ talking about how to teach students now.A.is B.are C.was D.were( )23.The actor and singer _ popular with the young in the past.A.is B.are C.was D.were( )24.My family _ poor when I was a little girl.A.is B.are C.was D.were( )25.The United States _ founded in 1776.A.is B.are C.wa
15、s D.were( )26.More students than one _ here.A.is B.are C.was D.were( )27.Two and three _ five.A.is B.are C.was D.were( )28.Scissors _ useful tool for a dressmaker (裁缝).A.is B.was C.are D.were( )29.Many a student _ made the same mistake.A.is B.are C.has D.have( )30.All I know about this company _ wha
16、t he told me yesterday.A.has B.have C.are D.is31.There _ (be) forty students and a desk in the classroom.32.There _ (come) the bus.33.Somebody _ (be) absent from school today.34.The weak, like the strong, _ (have) their own places in the worlD.35.Too see _ (be) to believe.36.Twenty years _ (have) pa
17、sseD.37.The police _ (wear) blue in winter.38.A number of students _ (be) at school yesterday.39.The number of students _ (be) rising.40.Two thirds of the earth _ (be) covered with water.41.Neither of us _ (have) anything to say.42.My glasses _ (be) broken.43.Each boy _ (have) an apple in their hand
18、s.44.Two and a half apples _ (be) left on the table.45.A new type of machines _ (be) on show now.46.Maths _ (be) important lesson for us.47.The Greens _ (be) visiting in Beijing now.48.The traffic _ (be) very heavy now.49.Fish, fruit and vegetables _ (be) what man lives on.50.Each day _ (be) better than the one before.【答案】1 - 5 ACBDA 6 - 10 BABAB11 - 15 ACACB 16 - 20 DBABC21 - 25 ABACC 26 - 30 AACCD31.are es 33.is 34.has 35. is36.has 37.wear 38. were 39.is 40.is41.has 42.are/were 43.has 44.are 45.is46.is 47.are 48.is 49.are 50.is6