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1、2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国乙卷）英语学科第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分,满分L5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是c。1. Where does the conversation probably take place
2、?A. In the book store. B. In the register office. C. In the dorm building.2. What is the weather like now?A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy.3. What does the man want to do on the weekend?A. Do some gardening. B. Have a barbecue. C. Go fishing.4. What are the speakers talking about?A. A new office. B. A
3、change of their jobs. C. A former colleague.5. What do we know about Andrew?A. Hes optimistic. B. Hes active. C. Hes shy.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Which of the following does
4、the woman dislike?A. The bedroom. B. The sitting room. C. The kitchen.7. What does the woman suggest they do next?史应该是文本和物品相结合的产物，但是很多情况下，我们做不到。再根据所举例子的下文From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain 9s record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden
5、shield （盾）dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot.（在英国方面，我们有科学报 告和船长对那可怕的一天的记录。从澳大利亚方面来看，我们只有一个木制盾牌，这是一名男子在第一次经 历枪击后在飞行中扔下的。）”可知，作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的记录是片面的，只从自己的角度描 述了问题。故选D。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文 “The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and th
6、e Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact （联 系）between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand a
7、ccounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue.（加勒比海的泰诺人、澳大利亚的土著人、贝宁的非洲人以及印加人，所有这些人都出 现在这本书中，他们现在都可以通过他们制造的物品向我们讲述他们过去最强大的成就：通过物品讲述的 历史给了他们一个声音。当我们考虑诸如此类的有文化社会和无文化社会之间的接触时，我们所有的第一 手资料都必然是扭曲的，只有对话的一半。）”结合划线句If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just
8、the texts, but the objects.（如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读 物体。）”可知，我们对过去历史的了解，只是书写历史的人所想要让我们了解的历史，如果我们想要了解 历史的另一半，我们不仅仅要读文本也要读对象。所以conversation指的是“历史”。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段 “If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it th
9、rough texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not.（如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权 的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记录过，而世界上大多数 人,在大多数时间里，都没有。）”结合最后一段的“If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not
10、 just the texts, but the objects.（如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读物 体。可知，本文讲述仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要更好的了解历史就要将文本和物 品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有可能选自100件物品中的世界史。故选C。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are t
11、he unsung heroes of the home. 16、but studies have shown that they can promote peoples wellbeing by improving their mood （心情），reducing stress and helping their memory. Whats more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.What are indoor plants?Indoor plants, also known as house
12、plants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species （物种）are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 17.Why are indoor plants good for you?Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says,8. I find during the winter months,p
13、lants around the house can really lift your mood. Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remov
14、e some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 19.Which plants can you grow?Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and y
15、ou get to care for them as they mature - which is part of the joy of owning plants. -20 J Spoelstra says.“It can bring a new interest and fbcus into peoples lives and help to make the link between home and nature/9 A. All plants are different8. Not only do they look beautiful9. There are many benefi
16、ts to growing plants indoors10. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer11. Plants like peace lilies and devifs ivy are among the best12. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help13. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding【答案】16.B17. D 18
17、.C19. E 20. G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。 【16题详解】根据下文 “but studies have shown that they can promote peoples wellbeing by improving their mood （心情）， reducing stress and helping their memory.（而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆 力来促进人们的健康）”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not onlybut ”不仅而且”结构。由 此可知，B.
18、Not only do they look beautiful（它们不仅看起来很漂亮）能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“Many of these species （物种）are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.（这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天）”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷 的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer（
19、相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好）能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。【18题详解】根据下文 “I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.（我发现在冬天的几 个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪）”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors（在室内种植植物有很多好处）能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。【19题详解】根据上文 uThere is also research sho
20、wing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.（也有研究表 明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有 害化学物质）”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devifs tongue are amo
21、ng the best（像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的）能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植 物，符合语境。故选E。【20题详解】根据上文 u Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature- which is part of the joy of owning plants.（年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾 它们这是拥有植物的乐趣之一）”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning abo
22、ut therequirements of each plant can be very rewarding（了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的）能够承接上文，同时引 起下文，下文 “It can bring a new interest and focus into peoples lives and help to make the link between home and nature.（它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。）”具体介 绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分
23、30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。To become the Olympic champion in the individual （个人）all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she 21 best. She had to 22 her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say 23 to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to 24 waves on her boa
24、rd. But it was 25 to takethe leap （飞跃），however26 it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she 27 about 1,200miles away from home, to 28 with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never29 and everything was new to her.As it turned out, Douglas did 30 what she needed to do to becom
25、e Olympic champion when she31 two Russians. The Chinese coach 32 Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the33 、helping her skyrocket from an 34 member of the national team to the top of the sport. By35 -the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She 36 the competition
26、 from beginning to end. She said she had felt 37 all along that she would win.Not so long ago, Martha Karoly the coordinator （联络人）of the womens national team, did not think Douglas had what it 38 to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought 39 that she could make the London Games - and win.Im goi
27、ng to inspire so many people “ she said. Tm ready to 40 And shine she did.21. A. triedB. thoughtC. judgedD. knew22. A. take upB. pack upC. clean upD. do up23. A. goodbyeB. helloC. thanksD. no24. A. causeB. observeC. rideD. strike25. A. commonB. timeC. funD. tough26. A. breathtakingB. heartbreakingC.
28、 eye-catchingD. head-spinning27. A. dropped outB. moved onC. pulled overD. went off28 A. reasonB. talkC. competeD. train29 A. metB. helpedC. understoodD. needed30. A. approximatelyB. graduallyC. exactlyD. possibly31. A. defeatedB. pleasedC. respectedD. assisted32. A. forcedB. transformedC. persuaded
29、D. put33. A. worldB. cityC. teamD. state34. A. amateurB. electedC. averageD. enthusiastic35. A. clarifyingB. defendingC. winningD. demanding36 A. followedB. organizedC. watchedD. led37. A. confidentB. nervousC. excitedD. uneasy38. A. viewedB. appearedC. matteredD. took39. A. now and thenB. more and
30、moreC. far and wideD. on and on40. A. shineB. fly【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. CC. danceD. score25. B 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31.A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国体操运动员Gabby Douglas为了成为个人全能项目的奥运 冠军，不得不远离家乡，去离家1200英里的地方，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。最终在教练的训练 下，Douglas成
31、为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，赢得奥运会全能冠军，成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女 性。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一 切。A. tried 尝试;B. thought 思考；C. judged 判断;D. knew 知道、熟悉。由上文 “To become the Olympic champion in the individual (4*A) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything 和下文 “1,200 miles away from
32、homen可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas放弃她最熟悉的一切， 来到一个陌生的地方，故选D。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A. take up从事；B. pack up整理、收拾 行李；C. clean up 清理；D. do up 装修。由上文 uGabby Douglas had to leave everythingv和下文“her bedroom in Virginia可知,整理好她的卧室,准备离开这里，故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A.
33、goodbye 再见；B. hello你好；C. thanks感谢;D.no没有、否定的回答。由上“Gabby Douglas had to leave everythingv可知，Gabby Douglas要离开自己的家，所以与家里的狗说再见，故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. cause引 起；B. observe观察；C.ride骑、漂浮；D. strike打击。由下文“waves on her board.”可知,此处表示冲 浪，ride the waves意为“冲浪”，故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句
34、意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人心碎。A. common平民、普 通；B.time时间;C. fun乐趣；D.tough暴徒。由下文“to take the leap (飞跃)”可知,虽然离开自己所熟 悉的一切很难，但是是时候该迈出这一步了，故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人心碎。A.breathtaking激 动人心的；B. heartbreaking令人心碎的、令人伤心的；C.eye-catching引人注目的;D.head-spinning头晕 的。上文提到的Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切可知，
35、放弃自己所熟悉的一切是令人伤心，故选Bo【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。A. dropped out退出;B. moved on 继续；C. pulled over 靠边停车；D. went off 离开。由下文 uabout 1,200 miles away from home,可知，Gabby Douglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方，故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A.reason推理；B.talk 谈话；C. compete 竞争；D. train 培训。
36、由上文 “To become the Olympic champion in the individual （4人） all-around eventv和下文with a coach from China,可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，GabbyDouglas离开家，由此可知，她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新的。A. met遇到、 见过；B. helped 帮助；C. understood 理解；D. needed 需要。由下文 ueverything was new to
37、her.” 可知,一 切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需 要做的一切。A. approximately大约;B.gradually逐渐地;C.exactly准确地、完全；D.possibly可能地。由 下文“ the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so ” 可知，Gabby Douglas 获得 了 奥 运会全能冠军，由此可知，Gabby Doug
38、las完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切，故选C。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需 要做的一切。A. defeated 打败；B. pleased 使高兴；C. respected 尊敬;D. assisted 帮助。由上文 “what she needed to do to become Olympic champion” 和下文 the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选
39、手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. forced强迫；B. transformed转换、改造；C. persuaded劝 说；D.put放。由下文“Douglas into one of the best gymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变成世界上 最好的体操运动员之一，transforminto固定搭配，意为“使变成”，故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮
40、助她从国家队 的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. world世界；B. city城市；C.team团队；D. state国家。由下 文 “the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so” 可知,Douglas 赢得奥运会全能冠 军，所以说她是世界最好的体操运动员之一，故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家 队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. amateur业余爱好的；B. elected当选的；C.a
41、verage平均 的、普通的；D. enthusiastic 热情的。由下文“ member of the national team to the top of the sport ”可知，这 位中国教练帮助Douglas从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。A. clarifying 分类；B. defending 打败；C. winning 赢得；D. demanding 要求。由下文 the Olympic all-around title, she became the f
42、irst black woman to do so. ” 可知，Douglas 赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选 C。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A. followed跟随；B. organized组织；C. watched 观看；D.看d带领、领先。由下文“the competition from beginning to end”可知，比赛过程中，Douglas 一 直领先于竞争对手，故选D。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她一直坚信自己会赢。A. confident自信的、坚信的；B.nervous紧张 的；C. excited 兴奋的；D. un
43、easy 不安的。由下文 uall along that she would win.,可知,Douglas 一直坚信 自己会赢，故选A。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运 选手所需要的条件。A. viewed看待；B. appeared出现；C.mattered重要；D.took需要。由下文“to be an Olympianv可知，此处表示Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示“需要”，故选D。【39题详解】考查短语辨析。句意:随着时间的推移，她越来越
44、相信自己能够在伦敦奥运会上获胜。A. now and then时 不时地；B. more and more越来越多；C.far and wide广泛地；D. on and on不断地。由上文u As time went by” 和下文 “that she could make the London Games and win.” 可知，随着时间的推移，Douglas 越来越相 信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。故选B。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备好发光了。A. shine照耀、发光；B.fly飞行;C dance跳舞；D. score 得分。由上文 uFm going to insp
45、ire so many people和 “And shine she did.” 可知,Douglas 认为自己 将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modem. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong41 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glo
46、rious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 42 (build) system of ring roads.But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 43 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 44 (wonder) standing side by side with historic
47、al buildings of the past.It is a distinct visual contrast (反差)that shouldnt work, 45 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 46 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 47 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage
48、 (遗产)while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 48 (record) everything I discovered.The 49 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world,50(mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.【答案】41. to 42. built43. which#that44. w