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1、Unit 4 EarthquakesI .阅读理解APeople love cellphones, which is why nine in ten Americans own one. But does heavy use of cellphones pose a risk of cancer? This question has caused controversy for many years. A new study in rats now augments those concerns. Its data linked long- term, intense exposure to
2、radiation from cellphones with an increased risk of cancer in the heart or brain. The results have yet to be confirmed, the authors note.Indeed, although the rat study found a link between cellphone radiation and cancer, it offers no clues to why such a link might exist, notes Jonathan Samet. He tea
3、ches preventative medicine and directs the Institute for Global Health at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles.Still, he calls the new studys findings “significant” . They could lead to studies researching how cellphone radiation might cause cancer, he says.Phone signals are relayed
4、between cell towers and cellphones via radio waves. This radio frequencyor RF radiation is a type known as non-ionizing（非 电离的）Unlike X-rays, non- ionizing radiation does not deposit enough energy into cells to release electrons from atoms or molecules, producing ions. So it tends to be far less harm
5、ful than ionizing radiation, such as X-rays.But that does not mean radio waves might not cause harm.In very large doses（S） this radiation will heat the body and cause tissue damage. But its not yet known what much lower RF levels might do, such as those from cellphone use. Five years ago, the World
6、Health Organization，s International Agency for Research on Cancer, or IARC, concluded that cellpho.ne use “is possibly carcinogenic （致癌的）”.Its conclusion was based on what little research data was available at that time. But notice that IARC was not certain. It said only that phone use might “possib
7、ly” cause cancer. So scientists at the National Toxicology Program, or NTP, investigated further.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。人们喜欢用手机，90%的美国人都有手机。那么，过 度使用手机是否会有患癌的风险呢？ 一项新的研究给出了一些线索。 everyone please bring along a small gift for this purpose? Remember to pack it up, sign your name and a few words of good wishes. Don
8、，t miss the party, where I believe we will have a lot of Everyone is welcome.That，s all. Thank you.1. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “augments” ？A. figures outB. puts outC. refers toD. adds to解析：词义猜测题。画线词前面提到过度使用手机是否有患癌的风险这一问题多年来引 发的争议不断,再根据画线词后的“concerns和Its data linked long
9、- term, intense exposure to radiation from cellphones with an increased risk of cancer in the heart or brain.可知，现在一项在老鼠身上进行的新研究增加了那些忧虑。故画线词与adds to 意义相近。答案：D2. In which aspect does Jonathan Samet think the new study in rats is significant?A. It assists him with his teaching.B. It indicates a new res
10、earch direction.C. It warns people to mind cellphone safety.D. It makes a breakthrough in cancer research.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “They could lead to studies researching how cellphone radiation might cause cancer, he says. ” 可知，这项研究会促使科学家去查 明手机辐射可能是怎样致癌的，也就是说它为科学家提供了一个新的研究方向。答案：B3. What is Paragraph 3 main
11、ly about?A. How phone signals are delivered.B. How cellphones produce radiation.C. Features of radiation from cellphones.D. Differences between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation.解析：段落大意题。根据第三段的内容尤其是“non-ionizing radiation does not deposit enough energy into cells to release electrons from atoms or
12、 molecules, producing ions. So it tends to be far less harmful than ionizing radiation. ” 可知，本段主要讲的是手机辐射的特点，它是非电离的，其危害性远低于电离辐射。答案：C4. What might be the theme of NTP scientists further research?A. Why cellphone use causes cancer.B. Whether cellphone use really causes cancer.C. What health effects cel
13、lphone use has.D. How much exposure to cellphone radiation is safe.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It said only that phone use might possibly cause cancer. So scientists at the National Toxicology Program, or NTP, investigated further.可知，NTP的科学家进一步研究的主题可能是手机使用是否真的 会导致癌症。答案：BBAmbar presses her hand to her forehead
14、 as she considers the question on her screen: how many sevens in 91? The ten- year-old has been struggling with it for about a minute when she smiles, “13! ” Her tutor responds by posting a large smiling cat picture on her screenthe virtual （虚拟的） meaning of a pat on the back. He is sitting on the ot
15、her side of the world in an online tutoring centre in India.Ambar, who attends Pakeman Primary School in London, is one of nearly 4, 000 primary school children in Britain that have signed up for weekly one-to-one maths sessions with tutors based in India and Sri Lanka. The lessons, provided by a co
16、mpany called Third Space Learning , are targeted at pupils struggling with maths一particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds.From next year, the platform will become one of the first examples of artificial intelligence （AI） software being used to monitor , and ideally improve teaching. Togethe
17、r with some British scientists, the company has analysed around 100, 000 hours of audio and written data from its tutorials （辅导课），with the goal of identifying what makes a good teacher and a successful lesson.Tom Hooper, the company，s CEO, said, Weve recorded every lesson that we，ve ever done. By 11
18、nsing the data, we，ve been trying to introduce AI to improve the teaching. ” But he argued that the aim is not to replace teachers with robots. “Theres a slightly dubious （不确定的） conversation about how AI will make humans irrelevant, but it，s not at all about replacing humans, he said. Our whole beli
19、ef is that for children not doing well in the subject, people are what matters. ”Pupils on the program have a 45-minute session with the same tutor each week. They communicate through a headset and a shared “whiteboard” . The lessons at PakemanPrimary School are tailored to the individual, including
20、 visual rewards linked to the childs interests. In addition to the raw audio data, each lesson has various success metrics attached： how many problems are completed, how useful the pupil finds the session, how the tutor rates it.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。数学成绩不好怎么办？没关系。坐在家里，你就可以 享受高科技公司Third Space Learning为你提供的一对
21、一网上教学服务。5. Why does the author mention Ambar in the beginning?A. To praise her tutor.B. To show her struggle with maths.C. To introduce a company.D. To encourage pupils to learn maths online.解析：推理判断题。第一段提到了 Ambar在网上接受一对一的数学教学，该网上家教中 心位于世界的另一端 印度。由此引出下文介绍的一家公司Third Space Learningo故 作者在文章一开始提到Ambar是为了
22、引出这家公司。答案：C6. What do we know about Third Space Learning?A. It makes good teachers and lessons.B. It is aimed at students from poor backgrounds.C. It is being used to monitor and improve teaching.D. It provides online maths lessons for schoolchildren.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的 usigned up for weekly one- to- o
23、ne maths sessions with tutors based in India and Sri Lanka. . . are targeted at pupils struggling with maths”可知，Third Space Learning为小学生提供网上一对一的数学课程，故选D项。答案：D7. Which may Tom Hooper agree with?A. AI makes humans irrelevant.B. AI is beneficial to teaching.C. Robots are smarter than humans.D. Robots w
24、ill replace humans.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“By using the data, weve been trying to introduce AI to improve the teaching. 可知，Hooper;认为 AI 对教学是有好处的，故 选B项。答案：B8. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. What is taught in the lesson?B. How is the lesson taught?C. Who learns the lesson?D. Why. is the lesson ta
25、ught?解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了这种课的教学模式。故 选B项。答案：BII.完形填空Hello, Mr. Wi-Fi. Life without you is next to impossible now. We? re happy to sing your name from morning till evening, sometimes till dawn. 1 I know you help me, sometimes you re making me do things with 2 attention. Many times I promise my
26、self that r 11 3 my feelings towards you, but you re 4me closer and closer. . . Youve entered both my home and my 5 You re just a window for our 6 and information. But we people aren，t 7 only with the window. So we open all our 8 for you.Is this a(n)9 or some kind of attachment? If this is an illnes
27、s, is itcurable ? And if this is an attachment will you 10 me to the lifelong togetherness?We want you 24/7. Can，t you take a few days off so that both you and I can 11 ? You，re a poison一not a slow one but a super 12 poison which holds our mind and makes us dance 13 i t s tune. Nowadays youre so 14
28、that anyone can buy and make you our 15 . You，11 never be bothered about our health but we 1116 be concernedabout your “health” . Because you accompany us everywhere and never let us be alone.If you were a 17 person made of flesh and blood (血肉之躯)would we love you the same? You 18 us with .your numer
29、ous talents and we even can，t get rid of you. We，re all your 19 , Sometimes I wonder how people in the previous generations 20_, but if they did why can，t we?语篇解读作者用诙谐的语气质问Wi-Fi,这呈现了现代人的一种通病，那就是对无 线网络的依赖。B. Only ifD. When1. A. Now thatC. Though解析：根据语境可知，虽然(Though)作者知道Wi-Fi帮助了自己，但是正是Wi-Fi的特 殊作用让作者在做事
30、情的时候会分心。答案：C2. A. praisedB.increasedC. focusedD.divided解析：参见上题解析。答案：D3. A. keep inB.bring backC. approve ofD.give up解析：根据语境可知，作者很多次都对自己承诺说要抑制(keep in)自己对Wi-Fi的情感。bring back 使回忆起，使想起；approve of ”同意，赞成；give up “放弃”。答案：A4. A. drawingB. pushingC. forcingD. observing解析：根据语境可知，此处形象生动地表现了作者不能抗拒Wi-Fi对自己的吸引。
31、 draw “吸弓|”符合语境。push “推，催促” ；force 强迫，迫使；observe “观察”。答案：A5. A.spaceB. soulC. societyD. workplace解析：Wi-Fi进入了作者的家和灵魂中。下文中的“holds our mind”是关键提示。答案：B6. A. entertainmentB. argumentC. expansionD. struggle解析:Wi-Fi (本来)只是我们娱乐(entertainment)和获取信息的窗口。argument 争 论；expansion “扩张”；struggle 斗.争,奋斗”。答案：A7. A. st
32、rictB. satisfiedD. busyC. generous解析：根据上文的 “Youre just a window for our. . . information. 以及“But” 所 表示的转折关系可知，此处表示人们并不满足于(satisfied)Wi-Fi仅仅是个“窗口 (window) v o strict “严格的；generous “慷慨的；busy “繁忙的”。答案：B8. A.thoughtsB. eyesC. exitsD. doors解析：此处表示人们将Wi-Fi的作用扩大化，不仅仅满足于其作为窗口的作用，而是将 所有的“门(doors)”打开迎接Wi-Fi。某
33、种程度上而言，door是window的“升级版”。答案：D9. A. diseaseB. inspirationC. routineD. phenomenon解析:结合下文中的“an illness”可知，作者疑惑的是自己和其他人对Wi-Fi如此依 赖的现象是否是一种病(disease) o inspiration “灵感”；routine “惯例”； phenomenon “现象”。答案：A10. A. recommendB. instructC. commitD. adapt解析：如果对Wi-Fi的情感是一种依赖的话，Wi-Fi能保证与作者一生都亲密无间吗？ commit意为“保证(做某事
34、、遵守协议或遵从安排等)，承诺”，符合语境。recommend “推 荐；instruct “教导”；adapt “适应”。答案：C11. A. persistB. relaxC. progressD. balance解析：Wi-Fi不能给自己放几天假以便它和作者都能放松(relax) 一下吗？ persist “坚 持“；progress “行进”；balance “平衡”。答案：B12. A. rawB. ambiguousC. strongD. fast解析：根据本句中的“not a slow one”可知，Wi-Fi并不是慢性毒药，而是快速起效 的毒药，故用fast与slow形成对比。
35、raw “不熟练的；ambiguous “含糊不清的”； strong “强壮的”。答案：D13. A.toB. againstC. fromD. within解析：Wi-Fi是一种能控制人们的思想并使人们随着它的音调起舞的毒药。to表示“随 着”。答案：A14. A. affordableB. valuableC. conventionalD. attractive解析：根据下文中的anyone can buy”可知,如今Wi-Fi的价格是如此低廉以至于任 何人都能买到，并使其成为人们的伴侣。affordable ”支付得起的，不算太贵的”； valuable “有价值的；conventio
36、nal “传统的；attractive ”有吸引力的”。答案：A15. A. additionB. expertC. companionD. instrument解析:参见上题解析。下文中的 uBecause you accompany us everywhere and never let us be alone. v亦是提示。addition “添加物；expert “专家”；companion 伴侣，伙 伴”；instrument “工具”。答案：C16. A. sometimesB. alwaysC. neverD. seldom解析：毫无生命的Wi-Fi是决不会在意其用户的健康的，但
37、是用户们会一直担心Wi-Fi 的“健康”，此处用always与上文的never形成对比，强调人们对Wi-Fi的在意程度。答案：B17. A. selfishB. dishonestC. responsibleD. real解析：根据下文中的“person made of flesh and blood（血肉之躯）”可知，作者想知 道如果Wi-Fi成为拥有血肉之躯的真实的人，人们是否会一样喜欢它。selfish “自私的”； dishonest “不诚实的；responsible 负责任的；real “真实的”。答案：D18. A. controlB. scoldC. comfortD. cha
38、llenge解析：根据上文作者介绍的人们对Wi-Fi的依赖及下文中的“we even can，t get rid of you”可知，人们离开了 Wi-Fi简直无法生活下去，而本句中的with your numerous talents正是Wi-Fi控制人们的方式。control “控制”；scold “责备”；comfort “安 慰”；challenge “挑战”。答案：A19. A. friends.B. slavesC. colleaguesD. employers解析：根据语境可知，Wi-Fi控制了人们，也就是说人们成了被其掌控的奴隶(slaves)。 friend 朋友；colle
39、ague “同事；employer 雇主”。答案：B20. A. sufferedB. connectedC. survivedD. surfed解析：根据语境尤其是本句中的“in the previous generationsv可知，作者非常疑 惑的是在早期没有Wi-Fi的时候人们是如何存活(survived)下来的。suffer “受苦”； connect “联系”；surf “冲浪”。答案：CIII.短文改错Boys and girls,May I have your fully attention, please? I have announcement to make. To we
40、lcome our friends in the United States, the Student Union was going to hold a party on Saturday evening, February 20. As never, the par.ty will be held in the lecture hall of the Main Building. They will begin at 7 pm. There will be music, dancing, singing or exchange of gifts. Will everyone please
41、to bring along a small gift for this purpose? Remember to pack it up, sign your name and writing a few words of good wishes. Don，t miss the party, where I believe we will have a lot of funs. Everyone is welcome.That，s all. Thank you.答案：Boys and girls,May I have yourattention, please? I haveannouncement to make. To welcome our friendsthe United States, the Student Uniongoing to hold a party on Saturday evening, February 20. As, the party will be held in the lecture hall of the Main Building, will begin at 7 pm. There will be music, dancing, singing exchange of gifts. Will