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1、Developing ideas泛读。技能初养成FAZDUJIZEZGCHUYAZGUHEZG匚课宴助读二阅读教材P68-69中的材料，选出最佳选项1. What is really green?A. Paper shopping bags are better than plastic ones.B Remove the power plug supply, and it stops using power.C. Eating local food is good for the environment.D. Its better to take a shower than a bath.2
2、. Why are people advised to take a reusable bag?A. Because plastic bags cause environmental problems.B Because plastic bags are difficult to produce.C. Because paper bags are a danger to wild animals.D. Because the process of making paper bags is more plicated.3. Whats connected with energy saving?A
3、. Eating local food.B Eating transport food.C. Producing food by ourselves.D. Using less energy during food production.4. Which way of the following is saving energy?A. To spend 8 minutes to have a bath.B To take a shower more than 8 minutes.C. To try to take a bath instead of a shower.D. To keep yo
4、ur shower time as short as possible.答案1-4 BADD二哭点直击二Words and Phrases知识要点1 devote v.致力，献身，倾注（教材 P65） Now, she is a model and performance artist devoted/devoting to ocean conservation.冲动；强烈的愿望(教材 P?i)It urges people to save food by not wasting anything on the dining table.它敦促人们节约食物，不要在餐桌上浪费任何东西。例 1 O
5、ur teacher urged us to do more exercise after class.我们的老师强烈要求我们课后多锻炼。M列 2 I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before.我以前从未感觉到学习手势语的强烈愿望。造句随着高考的临近，我们的老师敦促我们要努力学习。Our teacher urged us to study haid with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.知识拓展( l)urge sb.to do sth./into doing sth
6、.力劝/敦促某人做某事urge that.urge (sb.) on (2)urgent adj.in urgent need of (3)urgently adv.urgency n.强烈要求；极力主张从句谓语动词 用(should+)动词原形力劝；强调；强烈要求紧急的；迫切的急需紧急地；迫切地紧急；紧急情况即学即练单句语法填空Parents should actively urge their children to take(take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.The people in the earthqua
7、ke-stricken area are in urgent(urge) need of food, medicine and shelters.Its of great urgency (urge) that we need to make the relevant laws with the rapid growth of online shopping.小片段助记The teacher urged that the students (should) be taught how to take urgent action in urgency.知识要点12 concerned 形焦急的，
8、担忧的；关心的；有关的 （教材 P7i）We are concerned that.我们担心例 1 I cant help but feel very concerned.我禁不住感到很担心。例 2 Now an increasing number of people are concerned about the environmental protection.现在越来越多的人关注环境保护。造句我很担心我们可能无法按时完成此事。Im very concerned that we may not finish this on time.知识拓展(l)be concerned about/fo
9、rbe concerned with/inas far as. be concerned(2)concem n. & v.show/express concern about/for(3)concerning prep.关心；挂念与有关；参与；牵扯到就而言关心；担心对 表示关心/担心关于即学即练单句语法填空Everyone concerned(concern) in the incident was questioned by the police.However, I think we should show more concern for/about our friends.(3)1 a
10、m writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information concerning（concern） the club.名师点津concerned用作形容词时，意为“关心的；担心的”，作前置定 语；表示“相关的，有关的“，作后置定语。知识要点13 contribute v.促成，造成（某事发生）；捐献；贡献；投稿（教材 P72） Look at the three items that contribute to a carbon footprint.看看造成碳足迹的三个因素。例 1 Eating too m
11、uch fat can contribute to heart disease and cause high blood pressure.吃太多脂肪会引起心脏病和高血压。H列 2 He contributed a large sum of money to the flood victims. 他捐出一大笔钱给受水灾的灾民。造句老师告诉我们锻炼有助于健康。Our teacher tells us that exercise contributes to good health.知识拓展(1 Contribute to促成；导致contribute. to.向捐献；向投稿(2)contribu
12、tion n.贡献；捐献；稿件make a contribution/contributions to对做出贡献；向捐款-即学即练单句语法填空The famous writer is one of the several authors contributing(contribute) to the book.Your suggestion has greatly contributed to the acplishment of our work.Only in this way can we make a great contribution(contribute)to our famil
13、y and our society.小片段助记Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school.A writer wrote a story about this and contributed it to a press.知识要点14 average。平均(数)的；普通的，一般的n.平均；平均数; 平均水平V.平均为，平均达到(教材 P72)The average score of our group is. 我们组的平均成绩是例 1 The average
14、time Chinese people spend online is 17 hours per week. 中国人平均花在网上的时间是每周17个小时。例 2 To their joy, their sons schoolwork is well above average.使他们高兴的是，他们儿子的学习成绩远远高于平均水平。造句这个工厂工人平均每月的工资是多少？Whats the workers average ine a month in this factory?知识拓展an average ofwith the/an average ofon (the/an) average abov
15、e/below (the) average 即学即练单句语法填空平均平均为平均起来；在一般情况下高于/低于平均数Its a small shop, with an average of about 500 customers a week.(2)On average, how much time do you spend on sports activities each week?(3) He was a good student and scored above average in most subjects.Sentence Pattern重点句式倍数表达法(教材 P68)Howeve
16、r, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.然而，生产一个纸袋所消耗的能量是制造一个塑料袋的四倍，用水量是(生 产)塑料袋的三倍。句式分析：four times as much energy as是倍数表达法，其句型为“倍数+ as much/many+ + as ”。H列 1 Our pany has published twice as many books as we did last year.
17、我们公司出版的书是去年的两倍。例 2 Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks, but it cost twice as much as his.彼得的上衣看上去和杰克的一样，但价钱却是他上衣的两倍。造句他拥有的书的数量是他妹妹的三倍。He has got three times as many books as his younger sister.知识拓展常见的倍数句型：(1) .倍数+ as+Q4/Qda的原级+ as.(2) .倍数+6”勿加的比较级+than.(3) .倍数+ the+性质名词(size/length/width/hei
18、ght/depth.)+of.即学即练单句语法填空This hill is four times the height(high) of that small one.The old railway is three times the length(long) of the new high-speed railway.Its said that the power plant is now twice as large as what it was.名师点津表示“两倍”时用twice或double,三倍或三倍以上用“基数 词+times”表达。句子中表示倍数也可以用分数、百分数、half等
19、其他程度状语。匚阅读技能二推理判断题之写作意图/目的任何人写文章都有意图或目的，高考阅读理解时常会就这一问题进行命题， 主要考查考生对英语文本的整体感知或理解的能力，做此类题的关键是要了解文 章的体裁和题材，把握住文章的主题思想。例题剖析The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills.We learn to bear with the things we cant change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try
20、 to please, some people are never going to love us一an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing. What does the author intend to tell us in the paragraph?A. A tough man can tolerate suffering.B A wise man can live without self- pity.C. A man should try to satisfy people around him.D. A m
21、an should learn suitable ways to deal with life.D 考查推理判断题之写作意图/目的。作者在文中告诉我们要学会忍受我 们不能改变的事物，要学会避免自怜，要知道不管我们怎么表现，总有人不喜欢 我们等待，由此可知作者在本段中主要是告诉我们要用合适的方法去对待生活。 故选D项。即学即练The eight-part series(系歹U节目)，Save Moneys Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money： Good Health, which gave viewers advice o
22、n how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.What does the author intend to do in the paragraph?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.B. Provide some advice for the readers.C. Add some background information.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.C 本段介绍了与Swe版Good/bod这个电视节目
23、相关的节目Save Money:Good Health的情况,旨在提供一些背景信息。现在，她是一名致力于海洋保护的模特和行为艺术家。例 1 He is determined to devote his life to science.他决心把毕生精力贡献给科学事业。例 2 I want to be a teacher very much and devote myself to teaching.我很想当老师，一生致力于教学工作。造句你必须专心于工作。You must devote your attention to youi work.知识拓展(l)devote one*s life/ ti
24、me/ energy to ( doing) sth.把某人的生命/时间/精力献给devote oneself to(2)devoted adj.be devoted to (doing) sth.(3)devotion n.致力于；献身于；专心于挚爱的；忠实的献身于；专心致志于奉献；忠诚即学即练单句语法填空He always devotes his attention to helping(help) the homeless children.(2)Devoted(devote) to his research, he almost forgot everything about hims
25、elf.(3)We appreciated his devotion(devote) to the project.小片段助记The old scientist is devoted to studying space, and the spirit of devotion deserves learning from.He said he would go on devoting himself to the science field.知识要点2 reserve.(野生生物)保护区；贮存u.保留；贮存；预订(教材 P65) Hello from Sanjiangyuan National
26、Nature Reserve(SNNR).你好，这里是三江源国家自然保护区。例 1 A friend can be a reserve of help in times of trouble.朋友可以在困难的时候提供帮助。H列 2 These seats are reserved for special guests.这些座位是留给贵宾的。造句为了保护野生动物，应该多建立野生动物保护区。To protect wild animals, more wildlife reserves should be set up.知识拓展毫无保留保存某物以备用为某人预留某物保留做某事的权利(1) withou
27、t reservekeep sth.in reserve(2) reserve sth.for sb. reserve the right to do sth.即学即练单句语法填空When talking to a friend, we should be frank without reserve.We always keep some money in reserve, just in case.(3)A double room with a balcony has been reserved for him.知识要点3 damage v. & n.破损，损害，损伤(教材 P65) In
28、recent years, we have seen large areas of wetland that were damaged by human activity.近年来，我们看到大片湿地被人类活动破坏。M列 1 Many buildings and cars have been damaged in the explosion.许多大楼和汽车在这次爆炸中受损。例 2 The storm did a great deal of damage to the old houses.暴风雨给那些旧房屋造成了很大损坏。造句吸烟会损害你的健康。Smoking can damage your he
29、alth.知识拓展suffer damage遭受损坏do/cause damage to给造成损坏_即学即练单句语法填空Many buildings and roads were damagvd(damage) badly when the heavy snow struck that city.The earthquake broke at midnight, causing great damage to the city.名师点津damage指部分性“损坏，破坏”，一般可以修复；而destroy指彻底地“毁 坏，破坏，一般不能或很难再修复。知识要点4 (教材 P65) Weve also
30、 seen droughts and floods caused bythese changes, which affect the water supply downstream.我们还看到了由这些变化引起的干旱和洪水，这些变化影响了下游的供水。（l）flood/.洪水，水灾；大量0.淹没；泛滥；（感觉或回忆）涌上心头H列 1 A business needs insurance against risks such as fire and flood.公司需要上保险以防备火灾、洪灾等风险。例 2 The ground floor of the house was flooded.房子的底层
31、被淹了。造句水坝不太坚固，挡不住洪水。The dam was not strong enough to hold back the flood.知识拓展（河水）上涨，泛滥大量的水灾地区大量涌入（感觉或回忆）涌上心头(l)be in flooda flood of(2)flooded areasflood in/intoflood back即学即练单句语法填空The charity received a flood of thankful telegrams and letters.Large quantities of food are needed in the flooded(flood)
32、 areas now.Applications flooded in after we advertised it on the newspaper.Seeing what the homeless were experiencing, memories of her childhood flooded back.(2)affect v.影响；打动；(疾病)侵袭H列 1 An unhappy home environment can affect a childs behaviour. 不愉快的家庭环境能影响儿童的行为。例 2 We were all deeply affected by th
33、e news of her death. 她去世的消息使我们都深感悲痛。造句众所周知，吸烟影响我们的健康。It is well known that smoking affects our health.知识拓展被侵袭；被感动(l)be affected bybe affected with a high fever发高烧(2)effect n.作用；影响；结果in effect事实上have an effect on对有影响即学即练单句语法填空Affected(affect) by the rise of house prices, people in big cities live und
34、er great pressure.He didnt attend the conference because he was affected with a high fever.(3)Favorable policies are in effect to encourage employees1 professional development.知识要点5 adopt v.采取(某种方法)；收养(教材 P65) This includes keeping the original environment from being touched, as well as adopting new
35、, sustainable ways of feeding farm animals.这包括保持原始环境不被触及，以及采用新的、可持续性的方式喂养农场动 物。例 1 Our school has adopted a new teaching method.我们采用了一种新的教学方法。例 2 They had no children of their own, so they adopted a neighbors girl.他们自己无儿女，所以收养了一个邻居家的女孩。造句三个队采用了不同的方式来解决这个问题。The three teams adopted different ways to s
36、olve the problem.知识拓展采纳意见/计划米取积极的态度领养的采用；收养(1 )adopt an idea/a plan adopt a positive attitude (2)adopted adj.adoption n.即学即练单句语法填空She treated her adoptedfadopt) son as if he were her own child.If you can not have children of your own, why not consider adoption (adopt) ?Pauls mother had him adopted(a
37、dopt)because she couldn*t look after him.名师点津adapt与adopt词形相近，但adapt意为“适应；改编”。知识要点6 reduce v.减少，降低(教材 P66)Reduce waste by choosing reusable products.通过选择可重复使用的产品来减少浪费H列 1 Everyone should try to reduce the amount of salt in our diet.大家都应该在饮食中减少盐的摄入量。例 2 One of the most effective ways to reduce stress
38、is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.减少压力最有效的方式之一就是与你信任的人聊聊感受。造句现在有这台电脑帮忙，我们就能降低生产成本了。Now we can reduce the production costs with the help of the puter.知识拓展reduce. to.把减少到reduce. by.把减少了be reduced to (doing) sth.沦落到地步即学即练单句语法填空Though the price of the house has been reduced by 10%, we can
39、t afford it either.They were reduced to begging(beg) for their living.To improve the air quality, the use of private cars should bereduced(reduce).知识要点7 permission n.允许，许可(教材 P67) A polite interruption is usually framed as a request for permission to interrupt someone, often starting with I于, May I.
40、 ?礼貌的打断通常被理解为请求允许打断某人，通常以Mayl.?开 始。例 1 You must ask for permission before taking any photos inside the hall. 必须申请批准方可在大厅内拍照。例2 Weve got permission to go inside the old building.我们已获准进入那栋老建筑物。造句他请求经理准许他请假一天。He asked the managers permission to take a day off.请求许可 未经许可 许可，允许 执照；许可证 允许做某事 允许某人做某事知识拓展(l)
41、ask for permission without permission(2)permit v.n.permit doing sth.permit sb.to do sth.即学即练单句语法填空Its illegal to read peoples private letters without permission.We do not permit smoking(smoke)in the office.Passengers are permitted to carry(carry) only one piece of hand luggage ontothe plane.知识要点8 br
42、eak down分解；（机器等）出故障；（身体 精神等）垮掉；（谈 判等）失败；拆除(教材 P68)It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down, but much lesstime for paper.塑料需要几百年才能分解，而纸分解的时间则要短得多。例 1 You will break down sooner or later if you go on working like that. 如果你继续像那样工作的话，迟早会累垮的。例 2 Talks with business leaders broke down last nig
43、ht.昨晚与商业首脑的会谈失败了。造句我们的车在去公司的路上坏了。Our car broke down on the way to the pany.知识拓展break up解散；结束；拆散break in强行进入；打断（谈话），插嘴break into闯入，破门而入break out爆发，突然发生break through突破；克服，战胜即学即练单句语法填空When he got home, he found his house broken into.Daddy would occasionally break in with a suggestion.Scientists say the
44、y are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer.小片段助记Their car broke down on the way to the cinema, so a quarrel broke out and at last the lovers broke up.知识要点9 amount n.数量，数额y.总计；达到(教材 P68) However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to thr
45、ee times the amount of water.然而，生产一个纸袋所消耗的能量是生产一个塑料袋的四倍，用水量是(生 产)塑料袋的三倍。例 1 Any amount, great or small, will be appreciated.数量不论多少都将受 到欢迎。例 2 The loss from the flood amounts to ten million dollars.水灾的损失共达1 ooo万美元。造句他每天有大量的信件要回复。He has a large amount of mails to answer every day.知识拓展(l)a large/small
46、amount of大/少量的(跟名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数)large/small amounts of大/少量的(跟名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数)(2)amount to达到；等于；总共；共计即学即练单句语法填空Large amounts of money arewasted(waste) on useless things every year.A large amount of money has been spent(spend) building more kindergartens so far this year.Youll never amount to anything if you spend your time that way!知识要点10 take. into account把考虑进去(教材 P69) In some cases, local produce might have used