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1、河北省邯郸市部分学校2022-2023学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解Since China launched its first lunar spacecraft in 2007, the nation has achieved something nobody has managed to do before. Here is a brief history of Chinese lunar missions.Chang5e 1It was launched in October 2007 on a 16-month mission to map the
2、moon from the orbit. Having studied the lunar surface and the surrounding environment there, the spacecraft crashed onto the moon on March 2, 2009.Chang9e 2Launched on October 1, 2010, Change 2 returned a more detailed map of the moons entire surface and took close-up images of the Bay of Rainbows,
3、where mission planners at the time suggested they might put down the countrys first lander. It left the moons orbit in April 2012 to fly by another small planet called 4179 Toutatis, which it reached in December 2012.Change 3Change 3 is most famous for landing its rover, Yutu, on the moon-the first
4、one since 1976. After heading out to the surface on December 14, 2013, Yutu took many amazing pictures that were sent back to the earth. In 2015, it even discovered a new kind of rock.Change 4When Change 4 made a safe touchdown on the far side of the moon on January 2, 2019, it made history since it
5、 was the first time that a rover has landed there. The far side is a more challenging environment in general than the near side.Change 5The Change 5 spacecraft, which was launched on November 24, 2020, returned to the earth on December 16, 2020, carrying around 2 kilograms of rocks and soils from th
6、e northern part of the moon. The lunar sample will help scientists fill in a gap in knowledge about the history of the moon between roughly one billion and three billion years ago.1 .续写词数应为150左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。When I eventually aixived at the hospital, my dad was still lying on bed.At the mome
7、nt, I promised to myself that I wouldnt leave him until he recovered.1. Which spacecraft has explored two planets?C. Change 3. D. Change 4.B. On October 1, 2010.D. On January 2, 2019.B , It reached the far side of the moon.D. It brought lunar sample to the earth.A. Change L B. Change 2.2. When did C
8、hange 3 land on the moon?A. On March 2, 2009.C. On December 14, 2013.3. What is unique about the last mission?A , It just circled around the moon.C. It crashed onto the moon on purpose.In November, Focus Features will release a new movie, The Theory of Everything, which describes what happened to th
9、e famous physicist Stephen Hawking.The movie is based on a book by Jane Hawking, Stephen9s first wife. When they met in the early 1960s, Jane was studying literature and got a Ph. D in Spanish poetry, while Stephen was just 21, looking for an interesting physics problem to explore.Not long after the
10、y began dating, he developed balance problems, then speech issues. He was told that he had ALS, a disease that would kill him in two years. Janes friends warned her not to stick with a boy with so little time ahead of him. But he and Jane didnt quit each other. Instead, they willfully pushed on. It
11、wasnt like they didnt believe the diagnosis （诊断）. They did. They just ignored it.“We did not want to think about that J she wrote. Also, we had this very strong sense at the time that our generation lived anyway under this most awful nuclear cloud - that with a four-minute warning the world itself c
12、ould likely end. That made us feel that we should make the most of whatever gifts that were given to us.”They had one child. Then another. He, meanwhile, kept losing ground. He needed help with dressing, then washing, then eating. She tried to keep up.“I had two babies. I was running the home and lo
13、oking after Stephen alone. One of the greatest battles was getting Stephen to use a wheelchair,“ she continued. Id be going out with an adult on one arm, carrying a newly-born baby in the other, with an older baby struggling alongside.”As Stephen Hawking became more celebrated and dependent, Jane ha
14、d a third child and he had to allow others to help him. But he fell in love with a nurse and left his wife.Hmmm, I wonder how they are going to handle this one. Ifs a messy story.4. What was Janes friends9 attitude to her dating with Hawking?A. Disapproving. B. Unconcerned. C. Supportive. D. Optimis
15、tic.5. . Why did Jane refuse to break up with her boyfriend?1. He was a very famous and rich man.8. They shared similar research interest.9. They did not believe the diagnosis.10. She accepted the uncertainty of life.11. What did Jane most probably think of her husband?A. Grateful.B.Stubborn.C.Reaso
16、nable.D.Reliable.12. What does the underlined word they” in the last paragraph refer to?A. The Hawkings.B.The nurses.C.Focus Features.D.Love stories.Once upon a time, there was a beautiful milkmaid. One day, she declared to a 13-year-old boy, I shall never have an ugly face because I have already ha
17、d cowpox （牛痘）The boy was Edward Jenner, who would one day be famous for developing the worlds first vaccine （疫苗）,which would eventually rid the earth of smallpox （天花）.And the story of his inspiration for developing the vaccine first appeared in an 1837 biography and was repeated endlessly over the y
18、ears.But was the milkmaid really Jenners muse?Perhaps not, because there is another storyline, backed by letters, diaries and research notes that Dr. Arthur Boylston uncovered in the course of his research. Instead, it involves a country doctor named John Fewster.Like other doctors of the time, Fews
19、ter used smallpox virus to protect people from smallpox. In 1768, he treated a group of farmers in Thornbury. But something unusual happened: All of them didnt respond to the smallpox virus at all. Fewster inquired further and found that all the farmers never had smallpox but did previously have cow
20、pox.Today, Fewster discovery would have led to a larger study and publication of results. But that wasnt the way medicine worked in the 18th century. In those days, there were no medical journals,says Boylston. Doctors communicated by having little dinner parties and drinking themselves silly.”One s
21、uch meeting took place at an inn called The Ship. Fewster presented his discovery at the meeting. Records show that Jenner later also became a member of the medical society and was known for his enthusiasm about the topic in the members debates.So how did the milkmaid myth （神话）get started?At the tim
22、e, the first and only mention of the milkmaid story was by Jenners friend and first biographer, John Baron, several years after Jenners death. According to Boylstons research, other doctors were then criticizing Jenner, questioning how he had ever made the connection between cowpox and smallpox immu
23、nity.Jenner himself never explained how he developed the theory,Boylston says. To protect his friend, the biographer probably made up the milkmaid story as a way to show how Jenner had come across the idea of a cowpox-smallpox connection.”13. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “m
24、use” in paragraph 3?A.Admirer.B.Inspiration.C.Teacher.D. Secret.14. From whom did Edward Jenner most probably learn the cowpox-smallpox theory?A.A milkmaid.B.A writer.C.A reporter.D. A countrydoctor.15. Why did Jenners first biographer mention the milkmaid?A.To protect his friend.B.To popularize sci
25、ence.C.To complete the test.D.To promote his own book.16. What is the text mainly about?A.The cowpox-smallpoxconnection.B.The effective treatment for smallpox.C.The myth of the worldsfirstvaccine.D.The development of smallpox vaccine.Catalonia, a region in northeastern Spain, is known for its archit
26、ecture, sea-side markets and white champagne. It has its own language and even a regional flag. But the most dramatic display of Catalonian culture comes from the tradition of building castells, or human pyramids. First documented in 1801 as a cultural activity, castell building was declared an Inta
27、ngible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2010.In Catalonia, most towns have a castell building group with hundreds of members. Anyone is allowed to join, and families often participate together. An official organization keeps a record of the points awarded at each competition and then ranks
28、 the groups. Points are given based on the difficulty of the pyramids structure and height. For a long time, seven levels was the tallest that had been achieved, but lately pyramids have been built as high as ten.Basic pyramids contain five main levels. The first level is called the pinya, followed
29、by the fol re, the manilles, the tronk, and the pom de dalt. The tronk is the vertical structure in the center of the pyramid that holds the most weight. The strongest men make up the tronk, followed by strong but light women. A small child known as the enxaneta climbs to the pom de dalt. The enxane
30、ta is usually between 7 and 10 years old and must be light and fearless.“As the enxaneta begins to climb, silence falls over the crowd and the air is charged with both excitement and fear, because no one knows where the pyramid is going to end,“ said Giori Worsley, who began studying human pyramid b
31、uilding 11 years ago.Originally attracted by the structures themselves, Giori Worsley later realized that building higher human pyramids was not the most important thing. The most important thing was the close connection within the Catalonian society that encouraged people to support each other.“I s
32、ee it as a poetic reflection of the society, he said. “All the participants at the base hold to each other so tightly that its almost like they have become one, while the stronger men hold the weight of the youngsters and women on their shoulders/917. Which of the following best describes the castel
33、l building in Catalonia?A. Castells are not just judged by their heights.B Seven-level castells are the tallest at present.C. Competition is held within the same group.D. Women and kids are not allowed to participate.18. Who will be more suitable to make up the tronk?A. Brave girls. B. Strong men. C
34、. Fearless boys. D. Tall women. 14. What can we say about being an enxaneta?A.Well-paid and easy.B.Challenging and safe.C.Difficult and boring.D.Exciting and dangerous.15. What can be inferred about the Catalonian society from Giori Worsleys words?A.It is really poor.B.It is romantic.C.It is very un
35、ited.D.It enjoys in-fights.二、七选五Although staying focused can be a challenge in this world, it is still possible. Here are some tips to help you focus on the job at hand and become creative.Engage in positive daydreaming. This involves first turning your attention inward. Try traveling with your mind
36、 to someplace enjoyable. 16. Pair your daydreaming withsome form of low-key activity such as walking and gardening. Let your mind wander for about 20 minutes this way and watch what happens. Doing this several times a day can offer your mind a fresh approach to the job at hand.17. Are you a person w
37、ho is sharp-minded in the morning? Or is a night owlmore of your style? Either way, it doesnt matter as long as you schedule your most important projects during your brains periods of best performance. 18 Instead, reserve the besttime for the big stuff.Try your hobbies. 19 It is also a good way to i
38、nvite innovation in ways thatfocusing doesnt. In many cases, it can even help you come up with solutions to problems you9re facing at work or home.Turn off text messaging and social media. Pretty basic? Sure, but vital. It allows us a deep dive into focus. It lets our brains get a chance to complete
39、 full sentences of thought. It helps us to reset and think about whats really important. 20.A. Make friends with your body clockB , Doing so will help make better decisionsC. Focusing your mind is key to improving your focusD. Doing things you are interested in can help your mind relaxE. Avoid spend
40、ing your best brain hours doing unimportant thingsF. Most important of all, it reminds us theres a world outside our screensG. Maybe its a walk through an imaginary forest or sunbathing on a warm beach三、完形填空It was the worst day ever. The exact date was March 19, 2020. Til never 21 it.The day began a
41、s usual. Then I heard Alans 22 speaking on the phone, “Thanks for everything you have done for my company.”My fear was confirmed moments later. Alan was 23, I hugged my husband asmy heart sank.Well be fine,“ he said.“I know,“ I responded.But, 24, neither of us sounded very convincing.A few hours lat
42、er, I received a call from the 25, I had been noticing somethingstrange in my neck and underarms, and my doctor had been performing tests to 26 the cause.“You have cancer,“ he said.I thought I must have misheard. The doctor repeated those terrible words. It was 27: Cancer was in my body. He went on
43、discussing future treatments, 28 Iwasnt really listening anymore. I 29 chemical treatments, and something worse. Alan took me into his arms, and I 30 as he held me tight.“Someday in the future, were going to celebrate this date J he whispered in my ear.As time dragged on, our 31 was high. But we kep
44、t our heads up and always looked forward. It eventually paid off. Within several months, Alan found a new job, with excellent pay. I completed my 32, and the results were more than 33.As the one year 34 approached, we went to Las Vegas that very afternoon and spent the day of March 19, 2021, celebra
45、ting our 35.21.A. acceptB. forgetC. appreciateD. make22.A , brotherB , doctorC. bossD. friend23.A , firedB. promotedC. praisedD. injured24.A. fortunatelyB. publiclyC. usuallyD. frankly25.A. schoolB , companyC. hospitalD. factory26.A. cover upB , figure outC. focus onD. talk about27.A , trueB mistake
46、nC. expensiveD. safe28.A. becauseB. orC. ifD. but29.A. lovedB. receivedC. imaginedD. missed30.A. criedB , complainedC. laughedD. refused31.A. incomeB , anxietyC standardD. expectation32.A. bookB. trainingC. preparationsD. treatments33.A. encouragingB. frighteningC. confusingD. interesting34.A. deadl
47、ineB. anniversaryC , contractD. sentence35.A. weddingB . birthdayC. survivalD. freedom四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Selected from more than 1.86 million precious items from the Palace Museum in Beijing, 36 total of 914 artworks and cultural relics (文物)will be displayed on July 2 at t
48、he Hong Kong Palace Museum 37 (celebrate) the 25th anniversary of the citys return to China. Among the relics, many will be exhibited for the first time in Hong Kong. Among them, 166 cultural relics38(recognize) as national treasures, accounting 3918 percent of all items on display.The borrowed relics,40will be displayed across nine halls in the museum,cover a