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1、Part 1 Grammar现在完成时一、结构和句子类型:肯定句助动词have/has+过去分词（done）否定句主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句-Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.-Yes,主语 + have/has.（肯定）-No,主语 + havent/hasnt（否定）二、过去分词规则变化则同动词过去式的规则变化一样：其不规则变化参照动词不规则变化表。不规则动词：过去分词（PP）其变化方法和动词过去式基本相同。有部分不同，需要记好。AAA型 cost-cost- cost; cut- cut- cut; put- put- put;AAB 型 beat-
2、 beat -beatenABA型 run- ran- run; come- came- come; become- became-becomeABB 型 buy- bought- bought; build- built- builtABC 型 begin- began -begun; choose -chose- chosen; see- saw- seen; sing-sang-sung三、含义：现在完成时有两个主要用法：1.一是影响性用法。表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成，并且这个过去发生并完成的动 作对现在有影响或结果，同时说话强调的或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果。其汉译常带有“完
3、 了，过了，已经”等意，如：如：I have spent all of my money.（含义是：现在我没有钱花了.）Miss Wang has come.（含义：王老师现在在这儿）My father has gone to work.（含义是：我爸爸现在不在这儿）标志词：1） already “已经”，用在肯定句的句中或句尾均可；一Well, they to England. They there for nearly a week now.A. have gone; have been toB. have gone; have beenC. have been; have been in
4、D. have gone; have been in()18. you ever to the US?一Yes, twice.A. Have, goneB. Have, beenC. Do, goD. Were, going()19. Ben is a foreign teacher. He in Guangzhou so far.A. was teachingB. has taughtC. will teachD. taught()20. 一 Have you ever been to Shanghai?一Yes. I there with my father last year.A. we
5、ntB. have beenC. have gone D. amPart 2 Homework一、选择填空。for more than five years.A. died, deadB. has died, dead C. died, has been deadD. has died, has died)1. Her father in 1990 and her husband)2.1 have this nice watch for two years.A. hadB. boughtC. borrowedD. lend)3. He his home for ten years.A. has
6、 leftB. left fromC. has been away fromD. was away from)4. He a league member for three yearsA. isB. has been)5. Lihuas brother has for two yearsA. joined the army B. been an armyC. has becomeD. have becomeC. become a soldier D been in the army)6. you ever to Nanjing一Yes, Ithere last year.A. Have gon
7、e, have gone B. Did go, went C. Have been, wentD. Did go, has been)7. Have you finished your homework. NotA. everB. alreadyC. yet)8. The students have cleaned the classroom,?A. so theyB. dont theyC. have they)9. 一How long you your dictionary?About two months.D. just.D. havent theyA. did; buyB. have;
8、 getC. have; hadD. have; bought)10.has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to Nanjing?A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived )11. 一Where have you, Kate? _Ive to the bank.A. gone, goneB. been, beenC. gone, been)12. It ten years since he left the army.A
9、. isB . hasC. willD. been, goneD. was)13. Both his parents look sad. Maybe they whafs happened to him.A. knewB . have known C. must know D. will knowA. alreadyB. never)15. Have you met Mr Li?A. justB . ago)16.-you ever to the Great Wall ?C. everD. stillC . beforeD. a moment agoYes, Three times.)14.
10、He has been to Shanghai, has he ?Have, goneA.Has, been B. Have, been C.)17.-Is that a new coat ?No, I it for a long time.A.bought B. have bought C. have had)18.Its nice to see you again. We each other since 2014.A. wont see B don!t see C. havent seen D. didn*t see)19.Yangjiang, a famous female write
11、r, for abut a month so far.A. diedB has been deadC has been died)20.Rick a lot about Chinese culture since he came to China.A.has learned B. will learn C. learns D. Learned二、根据句意用所给动词的正确形式填空。l.We will go for a picnic if it(not rain)tomorrow.1.1 think my mother(be)a good example for me.3 .My mother(c
12、ook)dinner when I got home yesterday.4 .We(see)each other once a month.1.1 saw Jeff in the park.He(sit)on the grass and reading a book.6 . Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she(come)back.7 .Hello,may I speak to Mr.Smith? Sorry,he isn*t in.He(read) book at the library.
13、8 .Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she(come)back.9 .1 suppose you are at least 60 years old.Thank you.Fm glad (hear)that.My real age is 62. lO.Mum,where is Dad? He(plant)flowers in the garden now.11 .Mr Smith(taste) many kinds of Chinese food.12 .My friend Brian(liv
14、e) in Guangzhou for three years.13 .Tony(finish) all his work.Look! He is relaxing himself.14 .We(plant) all the trees already.15 . Great changes(take place) in those villages in the last ten years.16 . Tom cant get into the room because he(lost) the key to the door.1. .1(look) for the dictionary, b
15、ut I(not find) it yet.18. I hear your father(be) to Japan once. Yes. he(go) there last year.19. 一When you(buy) the book? 一I(have) it for two weeks.1. .1 think you never(hear) such a thing.21. The old man last year. He for a year, (die)22. Mr. Green often goes to America. In fact, he(be) there ten ti
16、mes.23. She(study) English since she was ten.She(begin) to study English when she was ten.24. Jim isnt here. He(go) to the library. He(go) there an hour ago.He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。2) yet“已经”，用在疑问句的句尾；“还”，用在否定句句尾，意为“还没”；Have you had dinner yet?你已经吃过晚饭了吗？He hasrft come back yet他还没有回来。3)
17、just“刚刚”，用在肯定句句中;He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。此时注意与“just now”(刚才)进行区分，“just now”用于一般过去时。4) ever“曾经”，用在肯定句或疑问句的句中；I have ever been a doctor.我曾经当过医生。5) never“从没”，用在否定句句中；He has never been to Beijing.他从没有到过北京。6) before“以前”，用于句尾；I havent heard him before.我以前没听说过他。7) so far迄今为止”，用于句尾；We haven91 go
18、t any reply from her so far.我们迄今为止还没有收到她的回复。与 so far 同义的短语还有：up to now, till now, until now, by now 等。8) 次数：once, twice, three times, four times .many times, 用于句尾;Tom has already read the great book three times.这本著作汤姆已经读过三次了。/ / / / / / / / / / / /. /. /. /. /. / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
19、/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /. /. /. /. /. /. / / / / / / / / / / / / / 练习用 never, ever, already, just, yet, before 填空1. Have you been to Paris?2.1 have lost my wallet.3. Since you have seen the man, why did you believe him?4. They havent arrived at the airport.1.1 have see
20、n him before, so I have no idea about him.6. Jack has finished his homework.7. “Have you seen the film?” No, I have seen it.”8. “Has the bus left?” Yes, it has left/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
21、/ / / / / / / / / / / / /2.另一个用法叫持续性用法。表示一个过去发生的动作或开始的状语在过去并未完成或结束, 而是一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去(也可能到此结束)。例如：Miss Wang has been a teacher for ten years.王女士当老师有 10 年了。Miss Wang has been a teacher since ten years ago.王女士 自从十年前就开始当老师。Mother has been worried about you since yesterday.妈妈自从昨天开始就一直担心你。I have learnt
22、 thousands of words since I went to college.It has been / is three years since we met last time.自从我们上次见面到现在已有三年了。标志词：for +时间段- 有久了since +时间点since + 时间段+ ago 自从 （since 也可写成 ever since）since +句子（一般过去子）It is/has been +时间段+ since +句子（一般过去时）。练习用for和since填空1.two years4.19997.4 hours2.two years ago5.yester
23、day8.an hour ago 9.3.last month6.4 oclockwe were children1. .lunch time 11.she left here12. He has lived in Nanjing the year before last.13. Ive known him we were young.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese three years.15. She has been away from the city about ten years.16. If s about ten years she l
24、eft the city.17. Mr. Huang has kept the books a week ago.4考点1： since与for的区别【典型例题】()1. My family have been in Guangzhou I was in Grade One.A. since B. forC. whenD. after四、易错短语辨析has gone (to)He has gone to Shanghai.去了还未回来（现在不在说话现场）has been (to)My father has been to Shanghai.去过已经回来（已不在去过的地方）has been (i
25、n)My father has been in Shanghai for two months.呆在某地（还在所呆的地方）委考点 2： have been to 与 have gone to 的区别【典型例题】()1. -My father is not at home. He Taiwan.-Really? Have you ever to Taiwan?A. has been to, beenB. has gone to, beenC. has been to, goneD. has gone to, gone考点3： already与yet的区别【典型例题】()1. -Have you
26、finished your homework, Tom? Its time for dinner.-Not.A. already, yet B. yet, yet C. already, already D. yet, already【方法总结】1. already： “已经”用于肯定句；2. yet： “已经”用于疑问句，“还未,用于否定句；选词填空：Jack is not hungry. He has (already/yet) eaten.Jack is hungry. He has not eaten (already/yet).Have you eaten (already/yet)
27、 ? 以ever和never为标志This is the best film I have ever seen.这是我亶经看过的最好的一部电影。He has never been to Beijing. 他从没有到过北京。选词填空：Have you(ever/never) visited Guangzhou?No, Ive(ever/never) visited Guangzhou.五、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：1）侧重点不同现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去，但它们所强调的重点不同：现在完 成时侧重于对现在的影响;而一般过去时侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间，即 现
28、在完成时侧重于现在的结果，而一般过去时侧重于动作发生的时间。例如：I have seen the film.我看过这部电影。（现在我仍记得电影的内容）I saw the film three days ago.三天前我看了这部电影。（强调是三天前，而不是别的时候看的电影）2）时间状语不同现在完成时常与already, yet, just, ever, never, before等副词以及“for+段时间”，“since+过去 时间/从句”等时间状语连用；而一般过去时则常与“段时间+ago”, just now, yesterday, last week 等表示过去时间的状语连用。例如：She
29、has lived here since two years ago.她两年前就住在这里了。She lived here two years ago.两年前她住在这里。He has been in the League for three years.他入团已经三年了。Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.昨晚汤姆给他的父母写了封信。会考点5: 一般过去式与现在完成时的区别【典型例题】)1. -Peter lost his bike yesterday. -he it yet?A. Has; look B. Does, find C. Has
30、, found D. Did, found【针对练习】一、单项选择。)1.Miss Smith isnt in the office. She to the classroom.A.has gone B.wentC.will goD.goes)2.-Hello, this is Lily speaking.Could I speak to Mr. Black?-Sorry. He the Xuanwu Lake Park.A. has been to B. went toC. has gone toD. will go to)3.-Would you like to see the film
31、with me? -Fm sorry I it twice.A. seeB. will seeC. have seenD. am seeing)4.In the past few years there great changes in my hometown.A. have been B. were C. had been D. are)5. 一I have seen the film “Titanic“ already.一When you it? 一The day before yesterday.A. have; seen B. will; seeC. did; seeD. did;se
32、en)6. Mr. Black in China since five years ago.A. livedB. has livedC. livesD. is going to live)7. We trees last Sunday. So far we over 3,000 trees there.A. planted; plantedC. have planted; planted)8. -Where is Mrs. Smith?B. planted; have plantedD. have planted; have planted-She isnt here. She to Engl
33、and.A.has goneB. has been C. went D. goes )9.1 to Canada twice. It9s so beautiful.A. wont goB. have gone C. dont go D. have been)10. -1 Fujian Museum before. How about you?-Never. I hope to visit it soon.A. have gone to B. have been to C. have gone D. have been)11. Kitty, will you go to see the film
34、 Cold Mountain this evening?-No, I wont I it already.A. saw B. have seen C. see D. will see)12. -What are you going to do this Sunday? -1 yet.A. wont decide B. didnt decideC.havent decidedD. dont decide)13. Mrs. White in this school since she came here.A.teaches B. taught C. has taught D. had taught
35、)14. Tom has been in the factory he left school.A. when B. sinceC. as soon as D. whether)15. The Whites many places of interest since they came to China.A. have visited B. will visit C. visited D. visit六、短暂性动词不能和表示一段时间的状语（for, since, how long）连用有些动词如 come, go, arrive, leave, borrow, die, buy, join,
36、begin, start, end 等，它们不能和表示一段时间的状语连用在现在完成时态中。短暂性动词与延续性动词之间的转换：come/go/arrive-be （in）leave-be away fromborrow-keepdie一be deadbuy-havejoin一be a./be in.open - be openbegin/start-be onend/ finishbe overclose - be closed如：1）电影已经开始十分钟了。The film began ten minutes ago. = The film has been on for ten minutes
37、.= Its ten minutes since the film began.2）这只狗死了两天了。The dog died two days ago. = The dog has been dead for two days.= Its two days since the dog died.3）这辆自行车他买了三年了。He bought the bike three years ago. = He has had the bike for three years.= Its three years since he bought the bike.4）李明入团一年了。Li Ming jo
38、ined the League a year ago. = Li Ming has been in the League for a year.= Li Ming has been a League member for a year.= It*s a year since Li Ming joined the League.5）我们达到学校半小时了。We arrived at the school half an hour ago. = We have been in the school for half an hour. =It*s half an hour since we arriv
39、ed at the school.6)这本书我能借多久？你能借一个星期。一How long can I keep the book? 一You can keep it for a week.练一练：We arrived at the school half an hour ago.=We have been in the school for half an hour.The dog died two days ago.=The dog for two days.He the bike three years ago. = He has had the bike for three years
40、.The film began ten minutes ago.=The film for ten minutes.【课堂检测】)1.一When will A Bite of China II begin tonight? 一It for ten minutes.A. will begin B. has begun C. will be on D. has been on)2.1 my hometown for a long time. I really miss it.A. leftB. went away from C. have left D. have been away from)3
41、.一Lily,why are you still here? School is over for half an hour.一Because I my task yet. I still need one more hour.A. wont finish B. didnt finish C. haven*t finished D. hadnt finished)4.一When will Diana arrive?-Oh, she. She is in the meeting room now.A. arrives B. is arriving C. arrivedD. has arrived
42、)5.一A new shop for a week nearby. Lets have a look there.Good idea. But it doesnt on Mondays.A. opened； opened B. has been opened； openC. has opened； openedD. has been open； open【能力强化】)1. What a nice bike! How long you it?Just two weeks.D. have; hadD. livedD .have beenA. will; buyB. did; buyC. are;
43、having)2. 一How long have you here?一Since 1997.A. arrivedB. movedC. come)3. Im sorry to have kept you waiting.一Oh, not at all. I here for only a few minutes.A. will beB. wasC. am)4.When will A Bite of China II begin tonight?Itfor ten minutes.A. will beginB has begunC. will be onD has been on)5.Lei Fe
44、ng for many years, but his spirit is still encouraging us.A. diedB has diedC. was deadD has been deadB. was joined; amD. joined; have been it anywhere?No. Look! Whats that under your book?A. Have ;seenB. Do ;seeC. Did; see)10.1 wont go to see the film because I the ticket.A. lostB. have lostC. will
45、lost)11.When will Diana arrive?一Oh, she 5 minutes ago. She is in the meeting room now.A. arrivesB. is arriving C. arrived)12. Ive got the final Harry Potter book.You will love it. I it twice already.A. am readingB. have readC. was reading)13. Dave, we will leave in 10 minutes. Are you ready?一No, I o
46、ur guidebook and towels yet.A. dont packB. didnt packC. have packedD. Had ;seenD. didnt lostD. has arrivedD. will readD. havent packed)6. Echo fbr half a month. Shell come back in two months.A. leftB. leavesC. has leftD. has been away)7. You are too late. The film since half an hour ago.A. has begunB. has been onC. began