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1、高二下（选修7）1 Module 2Highlights of my Senior Year Grammar1&22PredicativeClauses(表语从句表语从句)3在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句,引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词表语从句位于连系动词后后,有时用有时用asif引导。其基本结构为引导。其基本结构为:主语主语+系动词系动词+that从句。从句。Thatswhatweshoulddo.ThatswhyIwanttoseeyou.表语从句的用法表语从句
2、的用法4ThereasonformyabsencewasthatIwasill.1.be,seem,look等动词后均可跟表语从等动词后均可跟表语从句：句：如：如：Mysuggestionisthatweshouldgoshopping.Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.52.asif,because也可引导表语从句。也可引导表语从句。如：如：Itlooksasifitsgoingtorain.ItwasbecauseIgotuplate.3.在非正式文体中在非正式文体中,引导表语从句的引导表语从句的that可以省略。如可以省略。如:Thetroubleis(that)he
3、isill.6在表语从句中在表语从句中,当当reason做主语时做主语时,引导引导词只能用词只能用that,不能用不能用because。如如:他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathedidntcatchtheearlybus.Attention71.Thattheearthisroundistrue.=Itistruethattheearthisround.主语从句的用法主语从句的用法一、主语从句在句中作主语一、主语从句在句中作主语,主语从句可主语从句可以位于句首以位于句首,但常见的主语从句多放但常见的
4、主语从句多放在句末在句末,句首则用形式主语句首则用形式主语it。82.Whetherhewillcomehasntbeendecided.=Ithasntbeendecidedwhetherhewillcome.Attention:连词连词that,whether在从句中不担任句子成在从句中不担任句子成分分,只起连接作用只起连接作用,不能省略不能省略(注：注：if不可用不可用来引导主语从句来引导主语从句)。9二二.用用it作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构(1)Itis名词从句名词从句事实是事实是Itisafactthat非常荣幸非常荣幸Itisanhonorthat是常识是常识Itiscomm
5、onknowledgethat10(2)Itis形容词从句形容词从句(多用多用should)Itisnaturalthat很自然很自然Itisstrangethat奇怪的是奇怪的是(3)Itis不及物动词从句不及物动词从句Itseemsthat似乎似乎Ithappenedthat碰巧碰巧Itappearsthat似乎似乎11(4)Itis过去分词从句过去分词从句Itisreportedthat据报道据报道Ithasbeenprovedthat已证实已证实 Itissaidthat据说据说12三、三、It作形式主语和作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较引导强调句的比较It作形式主语代替主语从句作形式
6、主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平主要是为了平衡句子结构衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词有变化。而主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词都可用连词that。被。被强调部分指人时也可用强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如。例如:13Itisapitythatyoudidntgotoseethefilm.Itdoesntinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.ItisJohnt
7、hatbrokethewindow.14学习主语从句应该注意的几个问题学习主语从句应该注意的几个问题1)引导词引导词that与与whatwhat既有引导主语从句的作用既有引导主语从句的作用,同时又在从同时又在从句中作句子成分句中作句子成分(主语、宾语、表语等主语、宾语、表语等)，这，这时时what相当于相当于allthat/everythingthat.，常，常译成译成“所所的的(东西、事情、话等东西、事情、话等.)”；而；而that只起连接作用，本身无实际意义，在从只起连接作用，本身无实际意义，在从句中也不担当任何句子成分，但句中也不担当任何句子成分，但that引导的引导的主语从句放在句首时
8、，不能省略主语从句放在句首时，不能省略that。15例如例如:（1）Whatwecantgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.（2）Thatweshouldworkoutaplantodealwiththeserioussituationisimportant.162)引导词引导词if和和whetherif和和whether引导动词后的宾语从句时一引导动词后的宾语从句时一般可通用，但般可通用，但介词后的宾语从句、主语从介词后的宾语从句、主语从句句(放在句首时放在句首时)、表语从句常由、表语从句常由whether引引导。导。例如例如:17Whethershewillgohom
9、eornotisunknown.Itremainstobedecidedwhether/ifweshallraiseducksorgeese.18【2012陕西卷陕西卷】Asmanyfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose_suitsyoubest.A.whateverB.whicheverC.wheneverD.wherever【解析解析】考查名词性从句。所填词引导考查名词性从句。所填词引导的从句做动词的从句做动词choose的宾语，引导词在的宾语，引导词在从句中做主语，意思是：无论哪件。选从句中做主语，意思是：无论哪件。选B。其余选项与句意不
10、符其余选项与句意不符B19【2012江西卷江西卷】Itsuddenlyoccurredtohim_hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.A.whetherB.whereC.whichD.that解析解析it作形式主语，真正的主语为作形式主语，真正的主语为thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice。且且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。分。D202012湖南卷湖南卷Everyoneinthevillageisveryfriendly.Itdoesntmatter_youhavelivedthereforashortoralo
11、ngtime.A.whyB.howB.C.whetherD.whenC.考查名词性从句引导的用法。根考查名词性从句引导的用法。根据空后的据空后的or可知为可知为whetheror短语。短语。复合句复合句名词性从句名词性从句主语从句主语从句形式主形式主语语引导词引导词whetherC21【2012全国新课程全国新课程】24.Itisbynomeansclear_thepresidentcandotoendthestrike.A.howB.whichB.C.thatD.whatC.【解析解析】此处此处it是形式主语，是形式主语，what引导引导的是主语从句，作真正的主语。的是主语从句，作真正的主语
12、。What作作do的宾语。句意：总统采取什么行的宾语。句意：总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。D22【2012山东卷山东卷】Itdoesntmatter_youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.A.howB.whetherB.C.whatD.why【解析解析】此处此处it是形式主语，后面是形式主语，后面whether.or引导的主语从句是真正的主语，引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether.or意为：是意为：是还是还是都行。句都行。句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。都可以。B231
13、._weneedmoneyisquiteclear.A.IfB.WhatC.ThatD.2.Einsteinsmostfamoustheoryis_wecalltheTheoryofRelativity.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whyExercise1Choosethebestanswers.CA243._thecarcanbeusedhasnotbeenknownyet.A.IfB.WhatC.ThatD.Whether4._wecantunderstandis_hedidntjoinusinourdiscussion.A.That;whyB.Which;howC.What
14、;whatD.What;whyDD255.Theyexpressedthehope_theywouldcomeovertoChinaagain.A.whichB.whomC.whatD.that6.Wordcame_hispoemwonthefirstprize.A.thatB.whetherC.asD.becauseDA267.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether8.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.whichDA279.Theteacherasksu
15、s_Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime10.Doesanybodyknow_wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot?A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatBC2811.Couldyoutellmewherewe_nextWeek？A.wouldgoB.togoC.hadtogoD.willgo12.Couldyoutellmehowmuch_toflytoHainan?A.doitcostB.doesitcostC.itcostD.itcostsDD2913.Thesmallch
16、ildrendontknow_.A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockingsisD3014.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis D3115.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChina
17、D.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChinaB3216.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.A.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgoC3317.Didyouunderstand_?A.whatshesaidB.whattosayC.whatdidshesaidD.howshehadsaid18.Thegirlisthinkingabout_shewillgoabroadtostudyEnglishnextyear.A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.w
18、henAC3419.Theteachersaidthat_.A.thesunmovesaroundtheearthB.theearthmovedaroundthesunC.themoonisoursatelliteD.themoonwasoursatelliteC3520.Idontknowwhenhe_back.Pleasetellhimthenewswhenhe_back.A.come;willcomeB.comes;comesC.willcome;comesD.willcome;willcomeC3621.Idontknowifhisuncle_.Ithinkhe_ifheisfree.
19、A.willcome;comesB.willcome;willcomeC.comes;comesD.comes;willcomeD3722.Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydontknow_.A.whatshouldIchooseB.whichIshouldchooseC.whichshouldIchoseD.whatIchooseB3823.Nooneknows_.A.whichgatewehavetogoB.whichgatewemustgoC.whichgatedowehavetogotoD.whichgatewehavetogo
20、toD3924.-Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterdaysgame?-Oh,thats_.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited A4025.-IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.-Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where26.Perseveranceisakindofqualityandthats_ittakestodoanythingwe
21、ll.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why AA4127._fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.WhichB4228._shecouldntunderstandwas_fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;thatA4329.Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveins
22、tructedittodo.A.howB.afterC.whatD.whenC4430.Webelieve_youhavebeendevotedto_naturallyofgreatnecessity.A.That;beingB.allthat;beC.thatall;areD.what;isD4531.Myhometownisdifferentfrom_itusedtobe.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which32.Iaminterestedin_ishelpfultohim.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.wherethat比较比较:Iaminterestedina
23、ll_ishelpfultohim.CB4633.Thisremindedmeof_hehadoncetoldus.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whenA4734.Theteacherorderedalltheexercisebooks_beforeschoolwasover.A.mustbehandedinB.wouldbehandedinC.behandedinD.shouldhandin C4835.Itdependson_wewillbereadyintime.A.whetherB.that C.ifD.when36._doyouthinkisthebestdoctori
24、nthehospital?A.WhomB.WhatC.WhoD.Whose AC4937.Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectand_itisroughorsmooth.A.不填不填B.whetherC.howD.what38.Marywroteanarticleon_theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.whyB.whatC.whoD.thatBA5039.Mysuggestionwasthatthemeeting_tillthenextweek.A.toputoffB.beputoffC.shouldput
25、offD.wasputoffB51BD40.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for41._isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It52D42._hewaslateyesterdaywasntquiteclear.A.HowB.WhenC.WhatD.Why43.Why_wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave?(NMET1996)A.What;whatB.What;t
26、hatC.That;thatD.That;whatA5344._youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.(上海上海1992)A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether45._youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.(MET1987)A.ThatB.WhatC.WhetherD.HowCB5446.Itisthesepoisonousproducts_cancausethesymptomsoftheflu,suchasheadacheandachingmuscles.(03上海）上海）A.whoB.thatC.howD.what
27、Formoreexercises,clickhere.B551.Iwanttoknowthatwhatitis.Iwanttoknowwhatitis.2.Icantunderstandthattheteachersaid.Icantunderstandwhattheteachersaid.Exercise2-correctthemistakesinthesentences.563.Idontknowthisiswhosebike.Idontknowwhosebikethisis.4.HeaskedmewherewasMary.HeaskedmewhereMarywas.5.Doyourememberhowmuchdidyoupayforthebook?Doyourememberhowmuchyoupaidforthebook?57Homework1.Revisewhatyouhavelearntduringthisperiodofclass.2.Getreadyforthenextperiod.58Goodbye!59