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1、英语句子自然次序是主语在前英语句子自然次序是主语在前,谓语在后（主语谓语在后（主语+谓语）谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语+主语）主语）,就叫就叫倒装倒装结构结构。假如全部谓语放在主语之前。假如全部谓语放在主语之前,叫叫全部倒装全部倒装;假假如只把助动词或如只把助动词或be be 动词放在主语之前就叫动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。部分倒装。第1页第2页基本语序基本语序（natural ordernatural order）：）：主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语（subject+predicate+subject+predicate+objectobject）I l
2、ove EnglishI love English.谓语谓语+主语主语完全倒装完全倒装(full(full inversion)inversion)Here came the headmaster.助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语+动词动词部分倒装部分倒装(partial inversion)Nerve will I forgive you.第3页一、完全倒装一、完全倒装1.There be1.There be结构。另外结构。另外,在此结构中能够用在此结构中能够用来代替来代替bebe动词动词有动词动词有:exist,seem,happen,:exist,seem,happen,appe
3、ar,live,rise,standappear,live,rise,stand等。等。Therestoodadogbeforehim.Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.例题:_abeautifulpalace_thefootofthehill.A.Therestand;atB.Therestands;underC.Standsthere;underD.Therestands;at第4页2 2，(1).(1).在以在以herehere、therethere、nownow、thenthen等副等副词开头句子里。词开头句子里。句式：副词句式：副词v
4、ivi名词主语名词主语 “Here,There,Now,Then+come(或be,go,lie,run)+主语结构。Herecomestheoldlady!Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Nowcomesyourturn.假如主语是人称代词假如主语是人称代词,主语和谓语语序不变主语和谓语语序不变，不用倒装，不用倒装。如:Hereyouare.Thereshecomes.第5页(2).(2).表示方向副词表示方向副词out,in,up,downout,in,up,down等置等置于句首于句首,要用全部倒装。要用全部倒装。假如主语是人称代假如主语
5、是人称代词词,就不用倒装。就不用倒装。如如:IncameMr.White.Upwentthearrowintotheair.Away went the boy.题题：There_.Andhere_.A.goesthephone;shecomesB.isthephonegoing;isshe C.doesthephonego;doesshecomeD.thephonegoes;comeshe第6页注意：注意：在上述句子中，假如主语为人称代词，在上述句子中，假如主语为人称代词，则主、谓不需要倒装。则主、谓不需要倒装。Inhecameandbackhewentagain.3.3.当表示地点介词词组当
6、表示地点介词词组(如如on the wall,on the wall,under the tree,in front of the house,under the tree,in front of the house,in the middle of the roomin the middle of the room等等)在句首时。在句首时。句式：介词短语句式：介词短语vivi主语（必须是名词）主语（必须是名词）如：Atthefootofthehillliesabeautifullake.Eastofthelakelietwotowns.Underthetreewaslyingawounded
7、soldier.第7页4.4.分词分词(代词代词)+be+)+be+主语主语 结构。结构。Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher.Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.题题：_,amanofachievements,deepthoughts,butwithsimplehabits.A.EinsteinwassuchB.SuchwasEinsteinC.EinsteinwassoD.SowasEinstein_arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.Gone B.GoC.TogoD.Going第8页5
8、5，一些表语位于句首，保持句子平衡，以强，一些表语位于句首，保持句子平衡，以强调表语调表语.句式：表语系动词主语（必须是句式：表语系动词主语（必须是名词）名词）1)1)表语为介词短语表语为介词短语Among the goods are Christmas trees,flowers,candles and toys.2)2)表语为形容词表语为形容词Present at the meeting were Mr White and many other guests.第9页4)4)表语为进行时态中现在分词表语为进行时态中现在分词 Lying on the floor was a boy.Stand
9、ing beside the desk was a teacher.3)3)表语为过去分词表语为过去分词Seated on the ground are a group of young people.第10页二、部分倒装二、部分倒装 部分倒装是把部分倒装是把bebe动词、情态动词、助动动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。假如句子中没有这些词词放到主语之前。假如句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词要在主语之前加助动词do/does/diddo/does/did等等,而把原来谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。而把原来谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。第11页1.1.句首状语为否定词或半否定词句子。句首
10、状语为否定词或半否定词句子。这类词或短语主要有这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom(极少，不常）极少，不常）,rarely（极少，罕有）（极少，罕有）,hardly,scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）（几乎不，简直没有）,no sooner（马上）（马上）,by no means（决不）（决不），not only,in no way（决不）（决不）,at no time,few,not,no等等,句式：句式：“否定词否定词/词组助动词词组助动词/情态动词情态动词/be/be动词主语动词主语其它其它”。Not until+Not until+从句从句
11、/时间状语时间状语+主句（部分倒装）。主句（部分倒装）。No sooner had sb done than No sooner had sb done than；Hardly/scarcely had Hardly/scarcely had sb done when sb done when 刚才刚才就就 Not only+Not only+分句（部分倒装）分句（部分倒装）but also+but also+分句（不倒装）分句（不倒装）注意：注意：not onlynot only置于句首置于句首but(also)but(also)部分不倒装，部分不倒装，第12页1)Hardly _ the
12、airport when the plane took off.A.I had arrived atB.had I arrivedC.had I reachedD.I had got to2)Have you ever seen anything like that before?No,_ anything like that before.A.I never have seen B.never I have seenC.never have I seen D.I have seen3)She is not fond of cooking,_ I.A.so amB.nor amC.neithe
13、rD.nor do第13页2.Only+2.Only+状语（副词状语（副词/介词短语介词短语/状语从句）状语从句），位于句首，位于句首,要部分倒装。要部分倒装。Only by this means is it possible to explain it.(介词短语介词短语)Only then did I realize the importance of math.(副词副词)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.(从句从句)注意：注意：在在onlyonly状语从句主句结构中，主句
14、倒装，状语从句主句结构中，主句倒装，但从句用正常语序。但从句用正常语序。only only修饰主语，不倒装。修饰主语，不倒装。第14页3.so3.so或或soso引导短语放在句首引导短语放在句首,前半部分倒装。前半部分倒装。I saw the film,so did she.So So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.1)ThedoctortoldCharlietobreathedeeplyand_.A.sodidCharlieB.CharliedidsoC.CharliedoessoD.
15、didCharlieso2)Soloudly_that_hearherclearly.A.didshespeak;couldeveryoneB.didshespeak;everyonecouldC.shespoke;couldeveryoneD.shespoke;everyonecould第15页4.Not only+4.Not only+分句分句,but also+,but also+分句分句 句句型中前一分句要部分倒装。型中前一分句要部分倒装。但但not only.but also.连接主语时连接主语时,不倒装。不倒装。如如:Not only the mother but also the
16、 children are sick.如：_himselfwrong,buthisfriendswerewrong.A.NotwasonlyheB.NotonlyheC.NotonlywasheD.Notonlywas第16页5 5、as/though(as/though(即使，尽管）引导让步状语从句。即使，尽管）引导让步状语从句。句式：名词句式：名词 形容词形容词 副词副词 动词动词 分词分词+asthough+asthough+主语主语+其它其它如如:Although I am ugly,I am gentle.Although I am ugly,I am gentle.Ugly as
17、I am,I am gentle.Ugly as I am,I am gentle.Though he is a child,he has to make a living.Though he is a child,he has to make a living.Child as he is,he has to make a living.Child as he is,he has to make a living.注意注意：从句表语是名词，其名词前：从句表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠不加任何冠词词第17页6.6.用于用于So/neither(nor)+be(have,So/neither(n
18、or)+be(have,助动词或情助动词或情态动词态动词)+)+主语主语+其它句子其它句子表示两人一样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、表示两人一样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用动词、时态要一致。不然要用下句所使用动词、时态要一致。不然要用so it is so it is with/It is the same withwith/It is the same withHe has been to Beijing.So have I.Tom cant answer the question.Neither/Nor can I.第18页So+be/So+be/助动词助动词/情态动词
19、情态动词+主语主语某人也是如此某人也是如此Nor/neither+be/Nor/neither+be/助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语某人也不是如此某人也不是如此So+So+主语主语+be/+be/助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词某人确实如此某人确实如此如：如：I have never been to I have never been to Guangzhou University,Guangzhou University,neither/nor has he.neither/nor has he.我从来没有去过广州大学，我从来没有去过广州大学，他也是他也是第19页7.7.在虚拟语气条
20、件句中从句谓语动词有在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,were,had,shouldhad,should等词，可将等词，可将if if 省略，把省略，把 were,had,were,had,should should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。（1）If I were you,I would work hard.Were I you,I would work hard.（2)If it should rain tomorrow,we would put off our meeting.Should it rain tomorrow,we would put
21、off our meeting注意：注意：我们能够说我们能够说Were it not.或者或者Had it not been.,但但不不能够说能够说Weren t it.或者或者hadnt it been.第20页8.8.句首是表频率副词及短语（句首是表频率副词及短语（often,well,often,well,many a time,now and again,once a many a time,now and again,once a week,now and then,every other dayweek,now and then,every other day 等等)开头句子中开头
22、句子中,要用部分倒装结构。要用部分倒装结构。如如:Many a time has John given me good advice.Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.Often have we made that test.题题：Manyatime_swimmingalone.A.theboywentB.wenttheboyC.didtheboygoD.didgotheboy第21页9,9,在一些表示祝福句型中在一些表示祝福句型中如：如：May you all be happy.May
23、 you all be happy.Long live China!Long live China!第22页巧记倒装句巧记倒装句在在带带有有倒倒装装句句复复合合句句（或或并并列列句句）中中，到到底底应应在在何何处处倒倒装装，下下面面顺顺口口溜溜能能够够帮帮助助你你较较轻轻易易地地掌掌握握其结构形式。其结构形式。NBNB前前倒倒后后不不，O O，NUNU主倒从不倒主倒从不倒，2N2N前前倒倒后后也也倒倒，NM NM前后均不倒前后均不倒。第23页NBNB代表代表Not onlyNot only，but alsobut also引导并列句。引导并列句。not only not only位于句首位于句
24、首时，所引导前面分句倒装，后面分时，所引导前面分句倒装，后面分句不倒装。故此称为句不倒装。故此称为“前倒后不倒前倒后不倒”。如：如：1）Not only did he come，but also he was very happy 2）Not only was everything that he had taken away from him，but also his German citizenship（was taken away）第24页OO代表代表onlyonly状语从句；状语从句；NUNU代表代表Not Not untiluntil状语从句。此两种结构位于句首状语从句。此两种结构位
25、于句首时，倒装主句而不倒装从句，即：时，倒装主句而不倒装从句，即：“主主倒从不倒倒从不倒”。如：如：1 1）Only when he told me did I know Only when he told me did I know itit 2 2）Not until I began to work did I Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wastedrealize how much time I had wastedNo soonerthanNo soonerthan，HardlyHardlySc
26、arcelywhenScarcelywhen等句型也属这类使用方法等句型也属这类使用方法。如：如：No soonerNo sooner（HardlyHardly）had we reached had we reached home thanhome than（whenwhen）it began to rainit began to rain第25页2N2N代表代表NeithernorNeithernor所引导并列所引导并列句。句。2N2N若位于两分句之首，则前后分若位于两分句之首，则前后分句均倒装。即句均倒装。即“前倒后也倒前倒后也倒”。如：如：Neither do I know her name，nor does he.NMNM即即No matterNo matter引导状语从句。此时引导状语从句。此时前面从句及后面主句均不倒装。即前面从句及后面主句均不倒装。即“前后前后均不倒均不倒”。如：如：No matter how busy he is，he always comes to help us第26页Bye-bye!第27页