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1、文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。英英语和和汉语 像？不像？像？不像？请翻翻译：1.我我爱你。你。I love you.2.我在心中我在心中爱你。你。I love you in my heart.第1页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。英英语和和汉语 像？不像？像？不像？请翻翻译：1.我是个学生。我是个学生。I am a student.2.我是个高二学生。我是个高二学生。I am a student in Senior two.第2页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。英英语语法入法入门级规律律主干部分：主干部分：汉语和英和英语基本一致基本一致英英语中有若干中有若干固定句型固
2、定句型（如（如强调句句/it 做形式主做形式主语等句型）等句型）修修饰成份：成份：汉语多多“前修前修”，而英，而英语较短修短修饰成份成份放在被修放在被修饰词前面前面较长修修饰成份成份放在被修放在被修饰词后面后面第3页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。把握英把握英语句子，关句子，关键在于把握在于把握“较长修修饰成份成份”1.介介词短短语2.从句从句3.非非谓语动词英英语中三种中三种较长修修饰成份成份第4页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。介介词短短语定定义：从介从介词开始到名开始到名词结束束，表示，表示一个独立完整含一个独立完整含义结构构结构：构：从介从介词开始到名开始到名词结束束a
3、t home;in the schoolbeyond my wildest imaginationduring my happy childhoodover the last few years第5页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。介介词短短语例句：例句：After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon,I returned to my office.第6页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。介介词短短语例句：例句：(After chatting)(wi
4、th Laura)(on this matter)(for two hours)(from 2:00)(to 4:00)(in the afternoon),I returned(to my office).第7页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。从句从句定定义：由引：由引导词引引导主主谓结构构结构：构：引引导词+主主语+谓语+宾语，引引导词：that/who/whom/why/when/where/which/how/if/although 第8页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。从句从句【起始起始标识】从句从句一定从引一定从引导词开始开始（有（有时可省略），但有以下四种可省略）
5、，但有以下四种终止止标识：1.到句尾到句尾终止：止：Li Hui is a teacher (who teaches English).2.到逗号到逗号终止：止：(When I was young),I listened to the radio.第9页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。从句从句【起始起始标识】从句从句一定从引一定从引导词开始开始（有（有时可省略），但有以下四种可省略），但有以下四种终止止标识：3.到下一修到下一修饰成份成份终止：止：I will invite Yao Ming (who was a top basketball player)to Beijing.4.到
6、下一个到下一个谓语动词终止：止：Yao Ming (who was a top basketball player)is studying in Shanghai.第10页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。非非谓语动词定定义：非：非谓语动词是指是指动词在句子中在句子中“不不是是谓语”时几个几个改改变形式形式，即，即动词非非谓语形式，主要包含形式，主要包含动词不定式不定式，动名名词和和分分词（现在分在分词/过去分去分词）由非由非谓语开开头、表示一个独立完整含、表示一个独立完整含义结构叫做非构叫做非谓语动词短短结构：构：非非谓语动词+名名词+副副词第11页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改
7、正。非非谓语动词【起始起始标识】非非谓语动词一定从一定从动词不定式不定式(to do)；动名名词(doing)；分；分词(现在分在分词doing/过去分去分词done)开始，一开始，一样有四种有四种终止止标识：1.到句尾到句尾终止：止：Li Hui is a teacher (teaching English).2.到句中逗号到句中逗号终止：止：(To improve my English),I often chat with foreigners.第12页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。非非谓语动词【起始起始标识】非非谓语动词一定从一定从动词不定式不定式(to do)；动名名词(do
8、ing)；分；分词(现在分在分词doing/过去分去分词done)开始，一开始，一样有四种有四种终止止标识：3.到下一修到下一修饰成份成份终止：止：Jack walked in,(waving confidently)(to the audience).4.到下一到下一谓语动词终止：止：The house(made of wood)was built(to shelter the refugees).第13页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。(完型完型)He worked harder and ran longer than any of the others perhaps he se
9、nsed that the abilities that seemed to come _ to so many others did not come naturally to him.A.strangely B.naturally C.surprisinglyD.excitely 第14页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。When,he explained that he had spent all his money he accidently got on a wrong bus and now was trying to go home.When,he explained th
10、at he had spent all his money _ he accidently got on a wrong bus and now was trying to go home.第15页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。The man looking at his smart-phone while walking across the railway crossing in Nanjing _(have)a close knock on Oct.2.Possibilities you never knew are waiting for you.第16页文档仅供参考，如有不
11、当之处，请联系改正。_ is responsible for the rapid reduction of frogs is that farmers use insectcides(杀虫虫剂)to kill pests and frogs get killed as a result of drinking poisoned water._ cause responsible for the rapid reduction of frogs is that farmers use insectcides to kill pests and frogs get killed as a resu
12、lt of drinking poison water.第17页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。怎怎样读懂英懂英语长难句？句？读懂英懂英语长难句关句关键在于：在于：识破句子中破句子中介短介短、从句从句、非非谓语从句从句 v.s.非非谓语This is a tiger(which is running fast)(to the forest).This is a tiger(which is chased)(by a hunter).Li Hui is a teacher(who teaches English).teaching第18页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。例句例句1
13、：Li Hui is a teacher teaching English in Beijing which is the capital of China.第19页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。例句2：（北京卷长难句）They will be able to clear away the mystery of mathmatics and face their studies with more confidence than they ever imagined.注意：“and”是造成阅读了解句子变难主要原因。（平行并列结构）比比较状状语从句从句从句从句第20页文档仅供参考，如有
14、不当之处，请联系改正。例句3：（新课标长难句）The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to a general rules that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school,because they are one of the things we overlearn in the childhood.that第21页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。句子句子规律律主干主干成份成份修修饰成份成份基本句型基本句型汉英英语序一致序一致另外另外还有若干有若干
15、高高级句型句型汉语中，修中，修饰成份位于中心成份位于中心词之前之前英英语中，中，较短修短修饰成份位于成份位于中心中心词之前，之前，较长修修饰成份位于成份位于中心中心词之后之后主主谓宾主系表主系表注：汉语中系动词常省略，如“我（感觉）热”注：there be 句型；it+be+adj.+for sb to do sth；强调句；倒装句；祈使句；感叹句等哪些短哪些短哪些哪些长形容形容词副副词介介词短短语从句从句非非谓语动词第22页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。关于关于“平行并列平行并列结构构”定定义：由：由“并列并列词”and/or/but/as well as/not only but
16、 also/both and/either or/neither nor 等，等，“含含义相同、相同、结构相同构相同”并列并列项连接起来接起来组成成结构。构。简记为“A and B”或或“A,B and C”第23页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。标准上，只要准上，只要“含含义相同，相同，结构相同构相同”东西都能并西都能并列。列。读句子句子时要注意意要注意意识到是到是谁和和谁并列。并列。形容形容词并列：并列：Mr.Smith is a kind,patient and knowledgeable English teacher.动词并列：并列：With the Internet,peo
17、ple can not only play computer games but also do online shopping.副副词并列：并列：You are supposed to answer the following questions quickly and accurately.第24页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。介短并列：介短并列：And that government(of the people),(by the people)and (for the people)shall not perish(from the earth).从句并列：从句并列：Ive f
18、inished reading the book which was written by Mo Yan and which you lent me last month.非非谓语动词并列：并列：Singing and laughing,we headed to the park.整句并列：整句并列：The children can go with us or they can stay at home.第25页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。句子句子规律律主干主干成份成份修修饰成份成份基本句型基本句型汉英英语序一致序一致另外另外还有若干有若干高高级句型句型汉语中，修中，修饰成份位于中
19、心成份位于中心词之前之前英英语中，中，较短修短修饰成份位于成份位于中心中心词之前，之前，较长修修饰成份位于成份位于中心中心词之后之后主主谓宾主系表主系表注：汉语中系动词常省略，如“我（感觉）热”注：there be 句型；it+be+adj.+for sb to do sth；强调句；倒装句；祈使句；感叹句等哪些短哪些短哪些哪些长形容形容词副副词介介词短短语从句从句非非谓语动词第26页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。三个步三个步骤读懂懂长难句句Step 1【预处理理】：给“三三长”加括号，加括号，给“并列并列词”(and,or,but,as well as等等)加方框，加方框，给“并列
20、并列项”(A and B)加三角加三角注注1：先找：先找B，后找，后找AA与与B结构相同、含构相同、含义相同相同I like the box you promised to give me and the flower(in your hand).第27页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。例句6：（江苏卷难句）The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food.语法填空1：I got on t
21、he bus and found a seat near the back,and then I noticed a man _(sit)at the front.He _(pretend)that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.sittingwas pretending第28页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。语法填空法填空2：Our modern life is changing our eating habits.We _(spend)too much time in front of TV or computers and
22、becoming“couch potatoes”or“mouse potatoes”.are spending第29页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。三个步三个步骤读懂懂长难句句Step 1【预处理理】：给“三三长”加括号，加括号，给“并列并列词”(and,or,but,as well as等等)加方框，加方框，给“并列并列项”(A and B)加三角加三角注注2：一旦出：一旦出现下一修下一修饰成份成份，就果断将上一修，就果断将上一修饰成成份份结束掉，不束掉，不论上一修上一修饰成份本身成份本身结束了没有束了没有。The number of calories we need _(vary
23、)depending on what kind of body we have(are we short,tall,heavy etc.)and _ active we are.第30页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。三个步三个步骤读懂懂长难句句Step 2【做直做直译】：一个括号一个括号地翻：一个括号一个括号地翻译Li Hui is a teacher(teaching English)(in Beijing)(which is the capital)(of China).李李辉是老是老师 教英教英语 在北京在北京 它是首都它是首都 中国中国注注3：英：英语是一是一门“挂挂钩”语言
24、，每个括号里第言，每个括号里第一个一个单词，都称，都称为挂挂钩单词，能，能够经过利用利用每个挂每个挂钩提提问和回答下列和回答下列问题，将一个个括，将一个个括号号连接起来。接起来。第31页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。例句2：（北京卷长难句）They will be able to clear away the mystery of mathmatics and face their studies with more confidence than they ever imagined.of with to than 第32页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。例句3：（新课标长
25、难句）The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to a general rules that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school,because they are one of the things that we overlearn in the childhood.to that that in because of that in 第33页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。三个步三个步骤读懂懂长难句句Step 3【调语序序】：后修：后修变前修
26、，增前修，增删个个别词Li Hui is a teacher(teaching English)(in Beijing)(which is the capital)(of China).李李辉是老是老师 教英教英语 在北京在北京 它是首都它是首都 中中国国李李辉是一名老是一名老师，他在中国首都北京教英，他在中国首都北京教英语。第34页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。例句5：（山东卷难句）Hello.Its one of the first words we learnt as babies;its one of the last words we think to use as adu
27、lts.Thats unfortunately,because saying hello is more than just saying hello;its recognition of anothers worth.第35页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。例句7：（山东卷难句）If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out,you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when come home,so you
28、r clothes are refreshed and ready to go.第36页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。例句例句8：（新课标卷难句）Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as child but have never practiced ever since.第37页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。背背单词/短短语/句型是句型是为了了读懂句子懂句子读懂句子是懂句子是为了了读懂段落懂段落读懂段落是懂段落是为了了读懂文章懂文章结构和主构和主题第38
29、页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。段落秘密段落秘密看懂文章看懂文章做做对题 句子句子段落段落=+逻辑T:Topic sentence主主题句句E:Explanation解解释句句E:Example 举例子例子C:Conclusion总结句句逻辑连词；逻辑副副词代代词第39页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。【新课标全国卷 D】Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.A
30、man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away.He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son.A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her da
31、ughter the poem that begins Twinkle,twinkle,little star or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.A manA motherHeHeGrown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.第40页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。One ex
32、planation is the law of overlearning,which can be stated as follows:Once we have learned something,additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming,bicycle riding,and playing baseball long after we have le
33、arned them.We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as Twinkle,twinkle,little star and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks.We not only learn but overlearn.weOne explanation is the law of overlearning,which can be stated as followsweweweWeWeWe not only learn but overl
34、earn.第41页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。The multiplication tables(乘法口乘法口诀表表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school,because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突突击学学习)for an examinat
35、ion,though it may result in a passing grade,is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.By cramming,a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination,but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.A little overlearning,on the other hand,is really necessar
36、y for ones future development.The multiplication tablesThe law of overlearning explains why cramming(突突击学学习)for an examination,though it may result in a passing grade,is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.A little overlearning,on the other hand,is really necessary for ones future devel
37、opment.第42页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。阅读了解考了解考查什么？什么？阅读了解不是考你看完文章后答出五道了解不是考你看完文章后答出五道题；而是而是经过五道五道题看你能否看你能否读懂懂这篇文章篇文章！【读懂什么？懂什么？】1.主主题：文章主：文章主题；段落主；段落主题2.重点：关重点：关键信息句信息句第43页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。阅读了解有三种信息：了解有三种信息：1.有效信息：有效信息：2.干干扰信息：信息：3.无效信息：无效信息：主主题；重点；重点和和错误选项对应非重点非重点第44页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。主主题一、何一、何为主主题主主
38、题：文章描述：文章描述对象象主旨：文章关于主旨：文章关于该对象象观点、点、态度度二、抓主二、抓主题有什么用有什么用1.Whats the main idea of the passage?2.Whats the best title for the passage?3.Whats the passage mainly about?抓主抓主题能能够：1.看懂看懂这篇文章在篇文章在“讲什么什么”，帮你，帮你处理理“主旨主旨题”2.帮你排除帮你排除“细节题”中，不符合主旨中，不符合主旨选项第45页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。三、怎三、怎样抓主抓主题？1.寻找重复找重复词（限（限时训练P7
39、2）2.读懂主懂主题句句段落首尾句段落首尾句问答答处（问题给主主题，答，答语给主旨主旨）（限）（限时训练P78）首句之中或之后出首句之中或之后出现but或或because，则but/because 之后是主之后是主题冒号、破折号揭示文章主冒号、破折号揭示文章主题第46页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。重点重点一、何一、何为重点重点答：答：题目考就是重点！目考就是重点！56.If a child is interested in the universe,he probably will visit _?57.What can kids do at a Youtheater?58.Wha
40、t does“hands-on science”mean in the last para?二、怎二、怎样找重点找重点1.“一眼秒一眼秒杀”型关型关键词2.“同同义替替换”型关型关键词第47页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。阅读了解七宗罪了解七宗罪以偏概全：以偏概全：主旨主旨题偷换概念：概念：原文中原文中A事物和事物和选项中中A事物含事物含义不一不一样移花接木：移花接木：跨段落跨段落设置干置干扰选项答非所答非所谓+照抄全文：照抄全文：以原文某句以原文某句话直接作答，但直接作答，但该句句话无法回答所无法回答所问问题语法法变异：异：修修饰词程度程度/比比较关系关系/时态 变异异逻辑变异：异：因果倒置因果倒置/过分推断分推断/绝对化化与主与主题不符：不符：选项本身本身讲得很得很对，但并不是本文主，但并不是本文主要要讨论内容内容第48页