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1、精 读 高 考 真 题 (三）高考英语真题是英语学习的宝藏，精读一篇远胜过刷题十篇。相较于教材、日常习题，高考真题的语料更加新颖、更有针对性。长期精读高考真题有利于增强英语学习的信心，从而极大提高学习英语的效率。一、真题再现When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these prec
2、ious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsman. Millions of acres of we
3、tlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat (栖息地). In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetla
4、nds so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by
5、 President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources. About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife hab
6、itat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System - a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal
7、Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.28. What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America?A. Loss of wetlands.B. Popularity of water sports.C. Pollution of rivers.D. Arrival of other wild animals.29. What does the und
8、erlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?A. Acquire.B. Export.C. Destroy.D. Distribute.30. What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?A. The stamp price has gone down.B. The migratory birds have flown away.C. The hunters have stopped hunting.D. The government has collected money.31
9、. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. The Federal Duck Stamp StoryB. The National Wildlife Refuge SystemC. The Benefits of Saving WaterfowlD. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting（2021年全国新高考I卷阅读理解C篇）二、语篇导读 本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与自然。介绍了联邦鸭邮票的由来，包括鸭邮票产生的背景和目的，以及所带来的结果。三、重点单词（词性转换词、熟
10、词生意词、超纲词）和短语1. explorer n. 探险家，探险者（-er接在动词之后构成名词，表示“做.的人”、“供做.的物”） explore vt. 探险，探测2. set foot upon/on 进入，踏上3. astonishing 令人惊讶的，非常惊人的（分词形容词）astonish vt. 使惊讶，使吃惊4. a variety of 各种各样的，各种不同的5. take care of 照顾、照料、爱护，注意6. resource n. 资源7. wisely adv. 明智地，精明地 wise adj. 聪明的，明智的，英明的8. unfortunately adv. （
11、修饰全句）不幸地，不幸地，遗憾地 unfortunate adj. 不幸的，运气不好的（un- 置于形容词、副词或某名词之前，表示“不”、“无”、“非”）fortunate adj. 幸运的，侥幸的9. decimate vt. 大量毁灭，大批杀死（某地区的动物、植物或人）（课标外词）10. a large part of 很大一部分（后面既可以接可数名词可以不可数名词）11. millions of 数百万的12. handful n. 一把（的量）（-ful构成名词，表示“满.（的量）”）a handful of 少数的，少量的13. overly adv. 过度地，过于 over adj
12、. 过多的，过度的14. house vt. 为提供房屋（或住所）（名词转动词）15. ever-increasing adj. 不断增加的（合成词）16. passage (u)n. （议案等的）通过（熟词生义）17. increasingly adv. 不断增加地，越来越多地 increasing adj. 逐渐增加的，越来越多的increase v. 增加18. concerned adj. 关注的，担心的（分词形容词） concern vt. 使担心，使不安19. destruction n. 破坏，毁灭（-ion构成名词，表示“行为”、“结果”或“状态”） destruct v. 破
13、坏20. be vital to 对.至关重要21. annually adv. 一年一次地，每年 annual adj. 一年一次的，每年的22. cartoonist n. 漫画家（-ist构成名词，表示“.的人”、“.家”、“.主义者”）cartoon n. 动画片、卡通，漫画23. at that time 当时24. appoint sb. as 委任某人做.25. bureau n. （政府或组织机构的）局，所，司，处，属 bureaucratic adj. 官僚的（-cratic 构成形容词）26. biological adj. 生物的，生物学的（-ical构成形容词，表示“.
14、的”、“有关.的”、“.性质的”） biology n. 生物学27. survey n. 调查，民意测验28. ensure vt. 保证，确保，担保（en-接在形容词、名词之前，表示“使成为.”） sure adj. 确信，肯定的，有把握的29. directly adv. 直接地 direct adj. 直接的30. inclusion (u)n. 包含，包括（-sion构成名词，表示“行为”、“结果”或“状态”） include vt. 包括，包含31. refuge (u)n. 庇护；避难（课标外词）32. be available for/to 于.可利用的、有帮助的33. bil
15、lion n. 十亿 half a billion 五亿34. initiate vt. 开始，发起，创始 initiative n. （C）倡议，（U）主动性（-ive 构成名词，表示“具有.性质”、“有.倾向”）35. popularity n. 受欢迎，普及，流行（-ity 接在形容词后构成名词，表示“.性质”、“.状态”） popular adj. 流行的，大众的，受欢迎的36. go down （价格、水平或数量）下降，下跌37. fly away 飞离，飞走四、关键结构和长难句1. When the explorers first set foot upon the contine
16、nt of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. 介词with用以表示附带状况，可译为“在.情况下”，“随着”，“因为、由于”等。E.g. However,withthisintroduction,itispossibletounderstandtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheprocess. 然而通过本介绍，了解这种工艺的优缺点仍是可能的。【参考译文】当探险家们第一次踏上北美洲大陆的时候，因为有各种各样的野生动物天空和大地
17、上充满了生机。2. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. 句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是to decimate a large part of these resources；take表示“花费、占用（时间、钱、精力等）”；the explorers and the settlers who followed是间接宾语，only a few decades是直接宾语。可
18、改为：Unfortunately, it took only a few decades for the explorers and the settlers who followed to decimate a large part of these resources.或Unfortunately, the explorers and the settlers who followed took only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.在“It takes/took sb/sth . + 动词不定式”结构
19、中，It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。可改为“It takes/took . for sb/sth +动词不定式”结构或“sb/sth takes/took . + 动词不定式”结构。E.g. It took about a dozen students almost five hours to write down the names of 1,622 US soldiers who have died in Iraq. 十几位学生花了近五个钟头，才把1622名死在伊拉克的美国军人的名字写下来。（=It took almost five hours for about a doz
20、en students to write down the names of 1,622 US soldiers who have died in Iraq.或About a dozen students took almost five hours to write down the names of 1,622 US soldiers who have died in Iraq.） It took the Unites States 139 years to get to 100 million people. 美国用了139年才达到一亿人口。（=It took 139 years for
21、 the Unites States to get to 100 million people.或The Unites States took 139 years to get to 100 million people.） It took her a long time to feel comfortable in her new school. 他过了很久，才在新学校里感到舒服。（=It took a long time for her to feel comfortable in her new school.或She took a long time to feel comfortab
22、le in her new school.）3. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.1) . to feed and house the ever-increasing populations是动词不定式做状语，表目的。2) . greatly reducing waterfowl habitat是一个现在分词短语做状语，表示结果，其逻辑主语是前面Millions of acr
23、es of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations这件事。相当于一个which引导的非限制性定语从句：which greatly reduced .。E.g. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products. 他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。
24、（= He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, which forced viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.）More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel form one place to another. 更多的高速公路已在中国被建成，这使得人们从一地到另一地更加容易。（= More highways
25、 have been built in China, which makes it much easier for people to travel form one place to another.）【参考译文】数百万英亩的湿地被抽干来解决不断增长的人口的吃与住，这极大地减少了水禽的栖息地。4. In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of
26、 migratory waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.1). take action to do 采取行动做某事E.g. The police had take action to deal with the riots. 警方不得不采取果断的行动来对付骚乱。2). so vital to their survival是后置定语，修饰前面的wetlands。相当于一个定语从句：which were so vital to their survival。【参考译文】1934年，随着候鸟狩猎鸭票法案的通过，越来越关注的国家
27、采取了坚决的行动来制止对迁徙的水禽以及对它们的生存至关重要的湿地的破坏。5. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.1). very常用在first, last或形容词最高级前，起强化
28、语的作用。 E.g. The very first thing you must do is ring the police. 你必须做的第一件事就是给警察打电话。 They arrived only at the very last moment. 他们在最后一刻才到。2). a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa是 J.N. “Ding” Darling的同位语，起具体说明的作用。3). who引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 J.N. “Ding” Darling，在从句中做主语。E.g. Ellen was a painter of
29、birds and of nature, who, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. 艾伦是一个画鸟和自然的画家，由于某种原因，他远离了整个人类社会。 【参考译文】第一张联邦鸭子邮票是由J.N.“丁”达林设计的，他是一位来自洛瓦州得梅因的政治漫画家，当时被富兰克林罗斯福总统任命为生物调查局局长。6. About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase w
30、etlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System - a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. 1). a fact是the National Wildlife Refuge System的同位语；that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generatio
31、ns to come是定语从句，先行词是fact，在从句中作主语。 2). 动词不定式to come是后置定语，修饰generations。也可以用现在分词形式表达：all coming generations。E.g. Perhaps in the years to come we will meet again.（=Perhaps in the coming years we will meet again.） 也许未来几年我们还会见面的。【参考译文】每枚鸭票中约98美分直接进入候鸟保护基金会，用于购买湿地和野生动物栖息地，纳入国家野生动物庇护系统这样确保了这片土地得到保护，并对未来所有的
32、后代共同有所帮助。7. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.1). Little wonder. 是Its little wonder that.的省略。Its no (little,small) wonder(that). 意为“.并不奇怪”，“.不足为怪”E.g. Its no wonder (that) he failed the exam; he didnt study at
33、 all. 他考不及格不奇怪，他根本就没学。 No wonder (that) you turned down the offer. The conditions were no good. 难怪你拒绝了那个工作机会。条件一点也不好。2). ever initiated是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰programs，相当于定语从句which had ever been initiated。E.g. Mrs. White showed her student some old maps borrowed from the library. 怀特夫人像学生们展示了一些从图书馆借来的老地图。（. w
34、hich had been borrowed.）【参考译文】难怪联邦鸭票计划被称为有史以来最成功的保护计划之一。【答案】A C D A【附：学案】精 读 高 考 真 题 (三）高考英语真题是英语学习的宝藏，精读一篇远胜过刷题十篇。相较于教材、日常习题，高考真题的语料更加新颖、更有针对性。长期精读高考真题有利于增强英语学习的信心，从而极大提高学习英语的效率。一、真题再现When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an aston
35、ishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hun
36、ters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsman. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat (栖息地). In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm
37、action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a poli
38、tical cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources. About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into t
39、he Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System - a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to
40、purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.28. What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America?A. Loss of wetlands.B. Popularity of water sports.C. P
41、ollution of rivers.D. Arrival of other wild animals.29. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?A. Acquire.B. Export.C. Destroy.D. Distribute.30. What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?A. The stamp price has gone down.B. The migratory birds have flown away.C.
42、The hunters have stopped hunting.D. The government has collected money.31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. The Federal Duck Stamp StoryB. The National Wildlife Refuge SystemC. The Benefits of Saving WaterfowlD. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting（2021年全国新高考I卷阅读理解C篇）二、语篇导
43、读 本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与自然。介绍了联邦鸭邮票的由来，包括鸭邮票产生的背景和目的，以及所带来的结果。三、 重点单词（词性转换词、熟词生意词、超纲词）和短语1.explorer n. explore vt. 2.set foot upon/on 3.astonishing astonish vt. 4.a variety of 5.take care of 6.resource n. 7.wisely adv. wise adj. 8.unfortunately adv. unfortunate adj. fortunate adj. 9.decimate vt. 10.a l
44、arge part of 11.millions of 12.handful n. a handful of 13.overly adv. over adj. 14.house vt. 15.ever-increasing adj. 16.passage (u)n. 17.increasingly adv. increasing adj. increase v. 18.concerned adj. concern vt. 19.destruction n. destruct v. 20.be vital to 21.annually adv. annual adj. 22.cartoonist
45、 n. cartoon n. 23.at that time 24.appoint sb. as 25.bureau n. bureaucratic adj. 26.biological adj. biology n. 27.survey n. 28.ensure vt. sure adj. 29.directly adv. direct adj. 30.inclusion (u)n. include vt. 31.refuge (u)n. 32.be available for/to 33.billion n. half a billion 34.initiate vt. initiativ
46、e n. 35.popularity n. popular adj. 36.go down 37.fly away 四、关键结构和长难句1. When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. 介词with用以表示附带状况，可译为_，_，_等。E.g.However,_thisintroduction,itispossibletounderstandtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheprocess. 然而通过本介绍，了解这种工艺的优缺点仍是可能的。【译文】_。2.Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resou