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1、2021-2022学年七年级英语下册期末备考 易错题精练（知识清单+达标训练） 语法类（牛津译林版）知识清单一、一般过去时一般过去时（I）I、一般过去时的基本用法1、常见的过去时间状语有：yesterday, yesterday morning, two days ago, last year, the other day（前几天），once upon a time, just now, in the old days（过去的日子里）等时要用过去时。如：Did you have a party the other day? 前几天，你们开了晚会了吗？2、表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。这
2、种情况下，往往没有表示过去时间的状语，而是通过上下文表示。如：First I finished my homework. Then I played the piano. Next I watered the plants. After that, I watched a film on TV with my father. 首先我完成了作业，接着我弹了钢琴，然后给植物浇了水，那以后我和父亲在电视上看了一部电影。3、表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作，常与always, never连用。如：Mrs Green always carried an umbrella. 格林太太过去老是带着一把伞。
3、（说明是过去的动作，不表明她现在是否带着伞）II、动词过去式的构成规则（1）规则动词的过去式的构成在动词原形后直接加ed。如：listenlistened openopened finishfinished以不发音的e结尾的加d。如：likeliked closeclosed useused重读闭音节末尾仅有一个辅音字母的，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed。如：dropdropped planplanned stopstopped以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加ed。如：worryworried studystudied（2）不规则动词的过去式不规则动词的过去式要多下功夫，才能牢记不忘。如：c
4、ostcost putput comecame ringrangmakemade sendsent dodid buybought一般过去时的用法简介：a. 表示过去的动作或状态，常和明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, three days ago, in 1998,just now, the other day等，或与由when引导的从句。b.不规则动词的过去式需牢记书后的表一般过去时（II）I一般过去时的句型见下表：动词种类句型例句to be 肯定句：主语 + be的过去式（was, were）. .
5、.I was very tried last night. 我昨天晚上很累。否定句：主语 + be的过去式（was, were）+ not . . .I wasnt busy the other day. 前几天我不忙。疑问句：be的过去式（was, were）+主语 + . . . ?Was your mother free this morning? 今天上午你妈妈有空吗？Yes, she was./No she wasnt 是的，她有空。/不，她没有空。to do 肯定句：主语 + 动词的过去式 + . . .She studied Russian two years ago. 她两年前
6、学过俄语。否定句：主语 + did not + 动词原形 + . . .He didnt have classes this morning. 他今天上午没课。疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + . . .?Did he go there? 他去那里了吗？Yes, he did./No, he didnt. 是的，他去了。/不，他没有去。II与一般过去时经常搭配的时间状语有：1、 yesterday 或由其构成的短语。如：yesterday morning, the day before yesterday等。2、由last开头构成的短语。如：last year, last month
7、等。3、由ago结尾构成的短语。如：a moment ago, an hour ago等。4、由“介词+过去时间”构成的短语。如：in 2002, at the time等。5、this week, this year, today等也可与一般过去时连用，但它们必须指过去，决不包括“现在”在内。6、其他词。如：then, just now, once等。此外，也可以根据上下文或语境所暗示的时间来判断出一般过去时。如：I saw him in the street.二、情态动词can, could的用法（1）can的用法can表示某人具有某种能力，意思为“能，会”，也表示客观的可能性，是“能够，
8、可能”的意思。后接动词原形，适用于所有人称。（2）could的用法could为can的过去式，表示“能，可以”，另外could可用来代替can，表示更为客气委婉的语气，用来提出要求，但回答时不能用could，而要用can. Could you swim when you were young? No, I couldnt. (问能力) Could I smoke here? No, you cant. (表示委婉的请求)其他回答：Go ahead./Help yourself./No problem./Youd better not./Im afraid you cant.三、感叹句的用法感叹
9、句用来表示强烈的感情，能表达愤怒、悲哀、惊奇、厌恶和赞赏等。句末用感叹号“！”，读时用降调。在口语中常用省略句，后面的主语和谓语往往省略，有时只用一个词或词组表达。（1）以what开头的感叹句，what作定语，修饰名词（名词前可有其他定语），可数名词单数形式前要加不定冠词a(an)。句型：What (a/an)+adj.+n.(+s+v)! 如：What a clever boy(he is )! 多么聪明的孩子！（2）以how开头的感叹句，how作状语，修饰形容词、副词或动词。句型：How +adj./adv.(+s+v)!如：How blue the sky is ! 天空多么蓝啊！（3）
10、疑问句形式的感叹句：有些感叹句采用一般疑问句的形式表示，以否定词开头，在口语中读降调。如：Isnt it a lovely view ! 多美的景色呀！四、形容词形容词是用来修饰名词和代词，表示人和或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性的词。如：tired, boring, busy, beautiful, easy, difficult, exciting等。1、形容词描述事物，作为修饰词，形容词常常放在名词前。adj.+n. 形容词修饰名词。如：It was a windy day. 那是一个有风的天。Can you hear a strange noise? 你能听到一个奇怪的声音吗？2、形容词
11、描述事物，和系动词一起用，形容词常常放在系动词后，系动词+ adj. 形容词作表语 英语中的常见的连系动词有：be, become, feel, get, grow, keep, look, seem, smell, sound, taste, turn 等。口诀：一be, 二保持keep, stay三变become, turn get, 五感官look, smell, feel,sound, taste, 等。如：She is honest and helpful. 她诚实而又乐于助人。The garden looks so beautiful. 花园看起来很美。The plan sound
12、s good. 这个计划听起来很好。拓展多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词、数词、描绘词（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）、出处、材料性质、类别、名词。如：a famous French medical schoolan expensive German sports car五、不定代词1、someone/somebody, anyone/anybody, no one/nobody都是指代人的不定代词，当我们不确定所谈论的人的名字或者不需要提及他/她的名字时，就可以用这些不定代词指代。 someone/somebody可以用来表示：“一个未指明的或未知的”人，常用于肯定句。如：Somebo
13、dy gave you a ticket for the pop concert. 有人给了你一张流行音乐会的门票。anyone/anybody可以表示“任何人”或“不确定的某个人”。当表达第一种意思时，可用于肯定句；第二种意思意思则用于疑问句和否定句。如：Anyone will tell you where the post office is. 谁都会告诉你邮局在哪儿。（任何一个人）no one/nobody意为“没有人；没有任何人”。no one常用于书面语，nobody在口语中常用。如：Nobody knew what to do. 谁也不知道该做什么。someone/somebody
14、, anyone/anybody 和 no one/nobody都具有单数含义，因此后面要接单数谓语动词。如：Someone is waiting for you in the playground. 有人在操场上等你。它们可以有所有格形式，指代某个人所拥有的东西，相应的代词一般也用单数。如：I dont want to waste anyones time. 我不想浪费任何人的时间。2、something, anything, nothing something, anything, nothing常指代物，代表我们不确定某样东西或我们不需要提及名字的某样东西。something用来表示“一
15、个未指明的或未知的物”，常用于肯定句。如：Something is better than nothing. 有总比没有好。anything可以表示“任何东西/事情”或“不一定是哪一件东西/事情”。当表达第一种意思时，可用于肯定句；第二种意思则用于疑问句和否定句。如：Is there anything in the bag? 袋子里有东西吗？nothing表示否定含义。如：Ive got nothing to say. 我没有什么话可以说。形容词修饰不定代词时常位于其后，作后置定语。如：Were looking for someone special. 我们在寻找一个特殊的人。一般来说，som
16、ething用于肯定句，anything用于否定句和疑问句：但在问话人认为对方确实需要某物或该做某事而希望得到肯定答复时，在问句中用something。如：Can you do something for me? I really need your help. 你能为我做件事吗？我真的需要你的帮助。（某件很确定的事，而且希望对方能答应）Have you got anything interesting? 你有没有什么有趣的东西？（任何有趣的东西，而且不确定对方会有什么样的答复）3.不定代词+adj. 作后置定语修饰不定代词 There is nothing wrong with my com
17、puter.4.keep/make+宾语+adj. 作宾语补足语 eg. We should keep the room clean.达标训练一、单选题1When the students saw the teacher, they _ English. Astop to readBstop readingCstopped to readDstopped to reading2I usually to school on time, but I late this morning. Awent; amBwent; wasCgo; wasDgo; am3Everyone thinks that
18、Simon should get _ award _ his hard work. Aa; ofBan; forC/; forDan; with4Mum, I think there is _ in todays newspaper. You dont have to read it. I _. Im looking forward to it.Anothing interesting; dont agreeBsomething interesting; agreeCinteresting nothing; am not agreeDanything interesting; dont agr
19、ee5In the USA, Fathers Day falls on _ third Sunday in _ June. Athe; /Bthe; aC/; theDa; /6There _ an English exam tomorrow morning, is there? Awill beBwont beCis going to beDisnt going to be7My father hopes you _ come to my home. AwillBare canCwill canDto8Listen! Someone is playing _ piano. Wow! _ be
20、autiful music! I like it very much.Aa; WhatBan; HowCthe; WhatD/; How9Is there you would like to tell us? Aanything interestingBsomething interestingCinteresting anythingDinteresting something二、语法填空10Liu Yang is the first woman (walk) in space in China.11They spent three hours (walk) around the museu
21、m that day.12Who made the boy (cry) so loudly?13There (be) many trees in this area three years ago.14A moment ago I (write) a diary about the trip to Shanghai.15Jim with his sister (be) in the USA two months ago.16It (not rain) very often in our place. But last week, it (rain) for a whole day.17Why
22、you (not ride) your bike to the park last Saturday? Well, because it was broken. Cant you see that I (fix) it now?18He (can) not find his way in the park yesterday.19The man stopped the fire from (burn) as soon as he came into the room.20The students are talking about different ways of (raise) money
23、.21I want to learn how (keep) a pet at home.22She (brush) her teeth twice a day.23If you dont run (quick), you will be late.24I have five (many) books than you. 25Id like to invite my friend (have) dinner. 26Is there (something) wrong with your new bike? 27This is my (three) time to see the singer.
24、28Can you find a volunteer (fix) my computer? 29They will be happy (get) some information. 30Hurry up, or you (miss) the first bus. 31Its so cloudy. I think it (rain). 32The policeman asks us (not stop) our bikes here. 33We hope you (come) to our party. 三、句型转换34They did their homework until 8：00 p.
25、m. (改为同义句)They their homework until 8：00p. m.35The children sleep with their mouths open. (对画线部分提问) the children sleep?36I did my homework last night. (改为否定句)I my homework last night37Frank read an interesting book about history. (改为一般疑问句) Frank an interesting book about history?38He cleaned his roo
26、m yesterday. (对画线部分提问) he yesterday?39He can swim. (改为同义句)He swim.40They bought much food for the old. (划线提问) they much food ?41They planted many trees last week. (划线提问) they last week?42We dont like the dog because it is too lazy. (对画线部分提问) like the dog?43Mr Wang feeds his snake every week. (对画线部分提
27、问) Mr Wang his snake?44I think goldfish are expensive. (改为否定句)I think goldfish expensive.45You say your house is small. I think it is very big.(合并为并列句)You say your house is small I think it is very big.46The girl will f1y to Canada in three days. (对画线部分提问) will the girl fly to Canada?47The college s
28、tudent is going to help me with my English. (对画线部分提问) the college student ?48The supermarket is five minutes on foot from my house.（对画线部分提问） is the supermarket from your house?49The bookshop is two kilometres away from here. (对画线部分提问) the bookshop from here50Our trip to the zoo was wonderful. (对画线部分
29、提问) your trip the zoo?答案部分学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司1C2C3B4A5A6D7A8C9A10to walk11walking12cry13were14wrote15was16doesnt rain；rained17didnt；ride；am fixing18could19burning20raising21to keep22brushes23quickly24more25to have26anything27third28to fix29to get30will miss31is going to rain32not to stop33will come34didnt；finish35How；do36didnt；do37Did；read38What；did；do39is；able；to40Who；did；buy；for41What；did；do42Why；dont；you43How；often；does；feed44dont；are45but46How；soon47What；is；going；to；do48How；far49How；far；is50How；was；to