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1、【考前一周清】2024届高考英语临考一周材料专题07高考真题熟词生义+高阶单词短语100例+题型集训卷 教师版一、真题熟词生义（背一背，悟一悟，轻松跨越词汇障碍）1.determine熟义:v. (使)下决心，(使)做出决定 生义: vt.左右,直接影响(2021全国甲卷D)And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius.我们看得越多，就越会发现像性别、种族和阶级这样的社
2、会因素并不能直接影响天才的出现。2.dry熟义:adj.干的;口渴的 生义: ut.把弄干vi.变干(2021新高考I卷C)Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat (栖息地).数百万英亩的湿地被人为弄干涸，以养活和容纳不断增加的人口，大大减少了水禽的栖息地。3.entry熟义:n.进入;入口 生义: n.参赛作品(2021全国甲卷A)Each year，the high standa
3、rd of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.每年，参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。4.event熟义:n.事件,大事 生义: n.比赛项目(2021全国乙卷A)All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world
4、 sport.所有这些体育场馆仍在使用,仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。5.excite熟义:vt.使激动，使兴奋 生义: vt.激发,引起(2021新高考I卷D)Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion尽管情商继续受到大众的关注是可取的，但我们希望这种关注能
5、激发人们对情感的科学和学术研究更大的兴趣。6.flow熟义:v.(使)流动,涌流;流通 生义:n.连贯,流畅(2021新高考I卷B)His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesnt have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.他的工作就是坐在钢琴师旁边，翻动乐谱，这样音乐家就不用自己动手破坏音流了。我9岁那年，在一月一个灰蒙蒙的早晨，我们收拾好去洛杉矶的行装,来到伦敦希思罗机场。7.given熟义
6、:prep.考虑到 生义: n.基本事实(2021全国乙卷完形填空)Oh，this isnt for the care I had. I take that as a given.哦，这不是为了我接受过的照顾。我认为这是理所当然的。8.grade熟义:n.成绩，年纪 生义:n.程度(2021全国乙卷完形填空) And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different grades of gratitude.然后我意识到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激
7、的词汇，事情会简单得多。9.gray熟义:adj.灰色的;苍白的 生义:adj.阴沉沉的(2021全国甲卷C)When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning.10.head熟义:n.头 生义:n.负责人(2021全国甲卷B)Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said:“Obviously were all absolutely delighted to welco
8、me another calf to our black rhino family.”林普尼港犀牛部门的负责人保罗比尔说:“显然，我们都非常高兴地欢迎另一头小犀牛加入我们的黑犀牛家族”11.inform熟义:vt.通知;告诉 生义: vt.对有影响(2021全国乙卷A)In around 80 A.D.the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the worlds best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.大约在公元80年，罗马人建造了罗马斗兽场,它仍然是世界上
9、最著名的体育场,并继续影响着当代的设计。12.must熟义: modal verb.必须;一定 生义:n.绝对必要的事物(2021新高考I卷语法填空)While youre in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit!当你在中国时,黄山是必游之地!13.note熟义:n.笔记;vt.注意;记录;注解 生义:n.音符;纸币，钞票(2021新高考I卷B)Hes interested in the music, feeling every note .他对音乐感兴趣，感受着每一个音符(2021全国乙卷完形填空)When she reached one n
10、urse, she tried to press a five pound note into her hand.当她走到一个护士跟前时，她试图把一张五英镑的钞票塞到她手里。14.makeup熟义:n.化妆品 生义:n.性格，气质(2021新高考I卷D)Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a persons makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation,
11、 confidence, mental stability, optimism and“people skills.”现在许多人将情商误解为几乎所有无法通过智商测试衡量的人的气质，例如性格、动机、信心、心理稳定性、乐观和“人际交往能力”。15.passage熟义:n.一段文章 生义:n.通过(2021新高考I卷C)In1934，with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act),an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destructio
12、n of migratory(迁徙的)waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.1934年,随着候鸟狩猎印花税法的通过，一个日益关注的国家采取了坚定的行动，以阻止对迁徙水禽和对其生存至关重要的湿地的破坏。16.plant熟义:n.植物 生义:n.工厂,车间(2021新高考I卷完形填空)It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break.春假期间，碰巧市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙。17.
13、point熟义:n.要点;得分;vt.指向 生义:n.地方,地点(2021全国甲卷A)Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe, a local high point I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow.我沿着一条穿过森林的小路向当地的舒林西勒高地走去，遇到了一小块空地，立即注意到了在新雪的映衬下枯黄的草丛。18.pour熟义:v.灌,倒;倾泻 生
14、义: vi.不断涌向(2021全国乙卷A)People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.从古希腊时代起，人们就一直不断涌入体育场馆。19.pressure熟义:n.压力 生义:v.逼迫，使迫不得已(2021全国乙卷C)Von Wonghopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.冯王希望他的工作也能帮助迫使大公司减少他们的塑料足迹。20.ride熟义:v.骑乘(
15、自行车、摩托车或马等)生义:vt.乘坐(2021全国乙卷七选五)I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.我和这些疯狂的人一起乘坐公交车，他们在后面嘲笑愚蠢的笑话。21.role熟义:n.角色 生义:n.职责(2021新高考I卷完形填空)Our roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt.我们在工厂的职责很简单:将蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。22.run熟义:v.奔跑 生义:vt.经营，运转(
16、2021全国甲卷B)Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding(繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf(犀牛幼崽).负责繁育计划的林普尼港保护区迎来了一只稀有的黑犀牛幼崽。23.score熟义:n.分数;vi.得分;记分 生义:n.乐谱,总谱; vt.淘到(2021全国甲卷七选五)Its the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have
17、 a party all at the same time.这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里淘到衣服并同时举办派对的最佳方式。24.seat熟义:n.座位 生义:vt.可容纳(2021全国乙卷A)Romes Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50.000 people.罗马斗兽场高157英尺，有80个入口，可容纳5万人。25.set熟义:.放，置，使处于;使开始 生义:vi.(日、月)落沉(2021全国甲卷A)I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that
18、the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb. I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west.我爬到一个小山丘的顶部,意识到雾只有几英尺深，虽然攀爬的路程很短，但我发现自己已经完全爬到了山顶上，在夕阳西下的背景下，我看到了斯基多非常清晰的景色。26.shot熟义:n.发射;射手;镜头;
19、v.射击(shoot的过去式)生义:n.少量饮料，(尤指)少量烈酒(2021新高考I卷A)Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots bar crawls and karaoke.亚历山德罗宫旅馆很有趣。工作人员为客人举办了许多酒吧活动，如免费酒水酒吧爬行和卡拉OK。27.sink熟义:v.下沉;使(船只)沉没 生义:n.洗涤槽,水槽(2021新高考卷读后续写)Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sin
20、k and put in the other slice of bread.珍娜把烧焦的一块扔进水槽里，然后放入另一片面包。28.stand熟义:vi.站立;位于 生义: n.支架(2021新高考I卷B)“I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,”Mr Titterton said,“Luckily, I was able to catch them and put th
21、em back.”蒂特顿先生说:“我正在翻页为下一页做准备，但翻页的风导致备用页从架子上掉下来，幸运的是我抓住了它们并将它们放回去。”29.weight熟义:n.重量,重力 生义: n.重担，压力(2021全国乙卷七选五) He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most.他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬压力的人。二、高阶单词（背一背，默一默，轻松跨越词汇障碍）1. enthusiast n. 热衷者，爱好者2. civilization n. 文明3. architect n. 建筑师4.
22、diversity n. 多样性5. boast vt吹嘘，夸耀6. statue n雕像7. sculpture n雕像8. purchase vt 购买9. recycle vt. 循环利用10. landfill n. 垃圾填埋场 11. fair n 博览会12. inspiration n. 灵感13. fridge n 冰箱14. current a. 当前的15. replacement n. 替代物16. biodegrade vt.生物降解17. durable a. 持久的，耐用的18. ambitious a. 有抱负的，野心勃勃的19. talented a. 有天分的
23、20. courageous a. 有胆量的21. committed a. 尽心尽力的，忠诚的22. enormous a. 巨大的23. safeguard vt. 保护，护卫24. privacy n. 隐私25. ecosystem n.生态系统26. status n地位，身份27. gap n. 缝隙；（时间上的）间隔；隔阂28. priority n. 最重要的事；优先29. dramatic a. 急剧的；引人注目的30. approving a.赞成的 31. critical a.批评的；关键的 32. cautious a. 谨慎的33. ambiguous a.模糊不清
24、的 34. advocate at. 提倡，主张35. digital a. 数码的36. alongside prep在旁边；与一起37. internal a. 内部的，体内的38. aggressively ad. 好斗地；侵略地；积极进取地39. embrace vt.拥抱；接纳 40. insurance n.保险 41. reputation n.声望 42. hesitant a. 犹豫不决的43. device n. 设备44. awkward a. 尴尬的45. beneficial a. 有益的46. literally ad. 按照字面意义地；确实地47. outgrow
25、 v. 比长得高；长得穿不下48. recovery n. 痊愈49. popularity n 普及；流行50. organ n.器官 三、高阶短语（背一背，默一默，轻松跨越词汇障碍）1. pay a visit to 拜访2. date back to 追溯到3. range fromto在到范围内变动4. single-use plastic bottle 一次性塑料瓶5. centre on 围绕6. result in 造成7. A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。8. Small people make big moves. 小人物，
26、大举动。9. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。10. God help those who help themselves. 自助者天助。11. take action to do 采取行动做某事12. come into effect 生效13. play a part in 起作用14. believe in信任；信仰 15. more often than not大多数情况下；通常16. win over 赢得17. a talk show 脱口秀18. come to ones assistance 帮助某人19. show
27、off 展示；炫耀20. serve as 充当21. rather than 而不是22. thanks to 多亏，因为23. regardless of 尽管24. apart from 除了25. pull in 缓慢进站26. pull out 缓慢出站；退出27. pull up/over 停车28. pull down 拆掉29. pull through 渡过难关30. on the go 在行动中31. over the moon 兴高采烈32. under a cloud 受到怀疑33. at a loss 不知所措34. take.by storm 使风靡一时35. be
28、 named after 以命名36. lower blood pressure 降血压37. Legend goes that传说38. make a full recovery完全康复 39. cure sb of治愈40. by means of 通过41. by this means 通过这种方式42. with ones own hands 亲手做43. under threat 遭受威胁44. at the request of 应请求 45. reach out to sb 向%伸出援助之手 46. keep sb company为某人伴奏47. in contrast to 与
29、对比48. be qualified for具备&资格 49. thunderous applause雷鸣般掌声 50. with butterflies in ones stomach 忐忑不安四、题型集训题（做一做，悟一悟，轻松跨越能力障碍）第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhether you are a fine art lover or history enthusiast, there are some museums that you should visi
30、t in your lifetime. Heres a list of the best museums in the world. LE LOUVRE, PARISA visit to the Louvre lets visitors discover ancient civilizations and Western art from the Middle Ages to 1848. The palace of the museum, dating back to the twelfth century and developed by architects from 1200 to 20
31、11, is a lesson in architecture. The most famous art work is Leonardo da Vincis “Mona Lisa”. THE UFFIZI GALLERIES, FLORENCEThe museum occupies a large building constructed between 1560 and 1580. Its famous for its outstanding collections of ancient sculptures and paintings from the Middle Ages to th
32、e Modern period, and mainly known for its paintings by Italian artists. THE BRITISH MUSEUM, LONDONAs the first national museum to cover all fields of human knowledge, it was founded in 1753 and opened its doors in 1759. Its eight million objects allow us to explore the diversity of human cultures, a
33、nd discover the expressions in human beings life. It boasts the worlds second finest collection of Egyptian antiques. THE METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART, NEW YORKAlso known as “the Met”, its the largest art museum in the America. Presenting over 5, 000 years of art from around the world, the museum live
34、s in two sites in New York: The Met Fifth Avenue and The Met Cloisters. Since its founding in 1870, it has been a treasury of rare and beautiful objects, ranging from European paintings, Egyptian collections to American paintings.21. Which museum is best known for ancient statues in the Middle Ages?
35、A. The Louvre.B. The Uffizi Galleries.C. The British Museum.D. The Metropolitan Museum.22. What can visitors enjoy in both the British Museum and the Met?A. Art works from Egypt.B. Expressions around the world.C. Rare objects of human culture.D. Paintings from Europe and America.23. Where is this te
36、xt most probably taken from?A. An introduction to arts.B. An essay on architecture.C. A guidebook to museums.D. A review of Egyptian paintings.A 【答案】B A C这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界著名的四大艺术博物馆，让读者了解它们的建筑历史、展品特点以及其它的一些相关信息。21细节理解题。根据第三段“Its famous for its outstanding collections of ancient sculptures and painti
37、ngs from the Middle Ages to the Modern period, and mainly known for its paintings by Italian artists.(它以其从中世纪到现代时期的古代雕塑和绘画的杰出收藏而闻名，主要以意大利艺术家的绘画而闻名)”可知，乌菲齐美术馆以中世纪的古代雕像而闻名。故选B。22细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It boasts the worlds second finest collection of Egyptian antiques.(它拥有世界上第二好的埃及古董收藏)”以及最后一段“Since its foundin
38、g in 1870, it has been a treasury of rare and beautiful objects, ranging from European paintings, Egyptian collections to American paintings.(自1870年成立以来，它一直是稀有和美丽物品的宝库，从欧洲绘画，埃及收藏品到美国绘画)”可知，游客在大英博物馆和大都会博物馆都能享受到埃及的艺术品。故选A。23推理判断题。根据第一段“Whether you are a fine art lover or history enthusiast, there are
39、some museums that you should visit in your lifetime. Heres a list of the best museums in the world.(无论你是美术爱好者还是历史爱好者，总有一些博物馆是你一生中应该去参观的。这里是世界上最好的博物馆的名单)”结合文章主要介绍了世界著名的四大艺术博物馆，让读者了解它们的建筑历史、展品特点以及其它的一些相关信息。可推知，文章最有可能选自一本博物馆指南。故选C。BAcross the world, humans purchase around 1.3 billion single-use plastic
40、 water bottles a day. Because only about 9% of plastic is recycled, the vast majority of those bottles wind up in landfills, the ocean, or elsewhere in nature. When beach-loving Madison noticed those plastic bottles during her familys trips to California, the 12-year-old “just felt like this needed
41、to change,” she told Smithsonian Magazine. So as she began thinking about what to do for her school science fair back in 2021, the idea of a project centered on reducing plastic pollution quickly came to her mind: she would design an eatable water bottle called the Eco-Hero. “One of my biggest ambit
42、ions for my project was wanting to help the world,” the confident young inventor said in a video on the website. To bring her idea to life, Madison built upon the already established method by experimenting with common food materials. She also took inspiration from previous versions of eatable water
43、 bottles, though she focused on making hers bigger and more durable. She found that the combination of water, lemon juice, natural gum, and Alginic acid (褐藻酸) resulted in a gel pouch that wouldnt break, could hold up to 3/4 cup of water, and would last in the fridge for three weeks. Though shed like
44、 to improve the Eco-Hero by making it able to hold more water, she believes her current version would work well as a replacement for the paper cups used by runners in races. All one needs to do is bite a hole in the water ball, drink the water, and then eat the pouch or throw it away to biodegrade.
45、Madison hopes the Eco-Hero inspires others to take better care of the planet. “It doesnt necessarily have to be in a big way,” she told Smithsonian. “People can still make a difference in the world, even if its just in a small way.”24. What inspired Madisons design of an eatable water bottle?A. Her
46、schools task.B. Her familys urge.C. Her love for ecology.D. Her trips to the beach.25. What can we know about the Eco-Hero?A. It is a copy of the previous versions.B. It is made from unbreakable materials.C. It is an improvement in size and durability.D. It has a hole and should be disposed once use
47、d.26. Which of the following words can best describe Madison?A. Ambitious and creative.B. Talented and determined.C. Courageous and confident.D. Cooperative and committed.27. What can be the best title for the text?A. A good beginning is half done.B. Small people make big moves.C. Where there is a will, there is a way.D. God helps those who help themselves.B【答案】24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了12岁的女孩Madison为了解决塑料瓶污染的问题，发明了可食用的水瓶。24. 细节理解题。根据第二段“When beach-loving Madison noticed those plastic bottles dur