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1、英语四级单项选择阅读理解附讲解Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming andScanning)(15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes togo over the passage quic kly and answer thequestions on Answer sheet 1, For questions 1-7,choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B),C)andD). For questions
2、 8-10,complete the sentences with the information giv en in the passage.Small Schools RisingThis years list of the top 100 high schools shows that today, those with fewer students areflourishing.Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big, moder n, suburban highschools wit
3、h students counted in the thousands. As baby bo omers(二战后 婴儿潮时期出生的人)came of high-school age, big schools promised economic efficiency. Agre ater choice of courses, and, of course, better football teams. Only yearslater did we understand the trade-offs this involved: the creation of excess! vebureauc
4、racies(官僚机构)，the difficulty of forging personal connections between teachersand students.SAT scores began dropping in 1963;todayzon average,30% of st udents do notcomplete high school in four years, a figure that rises to 50% i n poor urbanneighborhoods. While the emphasis on teaching to higher, tes
5、t-driven stand ards as set in NoChild Left Behind resulted in significantly better performanc e inelementary(and some middle)schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to havemade little progress.Size isnt everything, but it does matter, and the past decade has seen a not iceablecountertr
6、end toward smaller schools. This has been due ,in part ,to th e Billand Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in American hi gh schools, helpingto open about 1,000 small schools-most of them with abou t 400 kids eachwith an average enrollment of only 150 per grade, About 500 more
7、 are on the drawing board.Districts all over the country are taking notice, along with may ors in citieslike New York, Chicago and San Diego. The movement includes independen t public charterschools, such as No.l BASIS in Tucson, with only 120 high-sc hoolers and 18graduates this year. It embraces d
8、istrict-sanctioned magnet schools, such a s the Talented andGifted School, with 198 students, and the Science and Engi neeringMag net, with383, which share a building in Dallas, as well as the City Honors S chool in Buffalo,N.Y., which grew out of volunteer evening seminars for stude nts. And it inc
9、ludes alternative schools with students selected by lottery（抽签）， such as H-B Woodlawn inArlington, Va. And most noticeable of all, there is t he phenomenon oflarge urban and suburban high schools that have split up into smaller units o f a few hundred,generally housed in the same grounds that once b
10、oasted tho usands ofstudents all marching to the same band. Hillsdale High School in San Mateo, Calif, is one ofthose, ranking No.423-among the top 2% in the country-on Ne wsweeks annual ranking ofAmericas top highschools. The success of small schools is apparent in the listings. Ten years a go, whe
11、n the firstNewsweek list based on college-level test participation wa s published,only three of the top 100 schools had graduating Classes smaller than 100 stu dents. This yearthere are 22, Nearly 250 schools on the full ,Newsweek list of the top 5%of schools nationally had fewer than 200 graduates
12、in 2007.Although many of Hillsdales students came from wealthy households, by the I ate 1990 averagetest scores were sliding and it had earned the unaffectionate nickname（绰号）Hillsjail.Jeff Gilbert. A Hillsdale teacher who became principal last year, rememberss itting with other teachers watching stu
13、dents file out of a graduation ceremony and asking one another in astonishment, nHow did that studentgraduate?So in 2003 Hillsdale remade itself into three houses, romantically named Flo rence, Marrakechand Kyoto. Each of the 300 arriving ninth graders are rando mly（随机地）assigned to one of the houses
14、. Where they will keep the same four core s object teachersfor two years, before moving on to another for 11th and 12th grades. Thecloseness this system cultivates is reinforced by the institution of advisory1 classes Teachersmeet with students in groups of 25, five mornings a week, fo r open-ended
15、discussions of everything from homework problems to bad Saturday-ni ght dates. Theadvisers also meet with students privately and stay in touch wit h parents, sothey are deeply invested in the students success.Were constantly talking a bout oneanothers advisers, says English teacher Chris Crockett.If
16、 you hear thatyours isnt doing well in math, or see them sitting outside the deans office, if s like a personalfailure. Along with the new structure came a more demand!ngacademic program, the percentage of freshmen taking biology jumped from 17 to 95,It wasrough for some. But by senior year, two-thi
17、rds have moved up to physics/says Gilbert Our kids are coming to school in part because they know there a re adults herewho know them and care for them/But not all schools show ad vances afterdownsizing, and it remains to be seen whether smaller schools will be a cure- all solution.The Newsweek list
18、 of top U.S. high schools was made this year, as in years p ast, according to asingle metric, the proportion of students taking college-le velexams. Over the years this system has come in for its share of criticism for its simplicity. Butthat is also its strength: its easy for readers to understand,
19、 and todo the arithmetic for their own schools if theyd like.Ranking schools is always controversial, and this year a group of 38 superin tendents（地区教育主管）from five states wrote to ask that their schools be excluded from the calculation.It is impossible to know which high schools are the best i n the
20、 nation, theirletter read, in part.Determining whether different schools door dont offer a high quality of education requires a look at man different me asures, includingstudents overall academic accomplishments and their subsequentperformance in college. And taking into consideration the unique nee
21、ds of theircommunities.11In the end, the superintendents agreed to provide the data we sought, which is, after all, publicinformation. There is, in our view, no real dispute here, weareall seeking the same thing, which is schools that better serve our children and our nation byencouraging students t
22、o tackle tough subjects under the guidanee of giftedteachers. And if we keep working toward that goal, someday, perhaps a list w ont be necessary.注意：此部分试题请在答卡1上作答.1 . Fifty years ago. big. Modern. Suburban high schools were establish ed in the hope ofA) ensuring no child is left behindB) increasing
23、economic efficiencyC) improving students* performance on SATD)providing good education for baby boomers2 . What happened as a result of setting up big schools?A)Teachers workload increased.B)Students performance declined.C)Administration became centralized.D)Students focused more on test scores.3 .W
24、hat is said about the schools forded by the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation?A)They are usually magnet schools.B)They are often located in poor neighborhoods.C)They are popular with high-achieving students.D)They are mostly small in size.4 .What is most noticeable about the current trend in high sc
25、hool educ ation?A)Some large schools have split up into smaller ones.B)A great variety of schools have sprung up in urban and suburban areas.C)Many schools compete for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation funds. D)Students have to meet higher academic standards.5 .Newsweek ranked high schools accor
26、ding to .A)their students academic achievementB)the number of their students admitted to collegeC)the size and number of their graduating classesD)their college-level test participation6 .What can we learn about Hillsdales students in the late 1990s?A)They were made to study hard like prisoners.B)Th
27、ey called each other by unaffectionate nicknames.C)Most of them did not have any sense of discipline, D)Their school performance was getting worse.7 .According to Jeff Gilbert, the advisory classes at Hillsdale were se t up so thatstudents could .A)tell their teachers what they did on weekendsB)expe
28、rience a great deal of pleasure in learningC)maintain closer relationships with their teachersD)tackle the demanding biology and physics courses8 . is still considered a strength of Newsweeks school ranking system in spite of thecriticism it receives.9 .According to the 38 superintendents, to rank s
29、chools scientifically, i t is necessary touse .10 .To better serve the children and our nation, schools students to ta ke .【参考答案】1. D) providing good education for baby boomerSo2. D) Students1performance declinedo3. D) They are mostly small in size。4. D) Some large schools have split up into smaller ones。5. C) their college-level test participation。6. B) Their school performance was getting worse。7. A) maintain closer relationships with their teacherso8. Simplicity9. different measures10. tough subjects