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1、2023年尚义县考研英语一模拟试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）For years, our family Christmas feast has consisted of a standing rib roast. But it wasn t always that way. Before that w
2、e _ 1 a big roast turkey. The 2 changed one Christmas when the bird was placed in salted water in the sink to soak （浸洗）The bird was a beauty, almost thirty pounds. It would be a true 3 for all. However, due to its 4 size, it was difficult to soak the whole bird. The salted water only came 5 up its b
3、ody.Suddenly, my three girls came running out 6 that the birds ghost was there and it was going to get them! Their 7 and I ran into the kitchen to see the “dead bird jumping all over the place and splashing water everywhere.My husband approached the bouncing bird with 8 and made a grab for it. It 9
4、from his hands and fell onto the floor where it continued to bounce.The girls continued to scream while our two dogs started10and jumping at the bird. I managed to push them outwhile their father continued to try to 11 the giant bird.12, it was caught in a comer. It continued to bounce,breast side d
5、own, 13 something started poking （束 Ij） through the 14 of it. A set of whiskers （胡须）and a paw _ 15 Our little cat Johnny had actually climbed into the open cavity （胸腔）of the bird and was happily 16 his way out.Of course, we could have removed the cat, washed the bird out and 17 the dinner plans but
6、somehow, none of us wanted to eat 18 after that. We 19 it with a large standing rib roast. Thus 20 the new family tradition. 1、 A. afforded B. required C. washed D. served 2、 A. form B. tradition C. structure D. regulation 3、 A. gift B. burden C. feast D. sorrow 4、 A. tiny B. huge C. proper D. norma
7、l 5、 A. halfway B. well C. inside D. simply 6、 A. whispering B. joking C. informing D. yelling 7、 A. father B. dog C. brother D. cat 8、 A. force B. caution C. concern D. shock9、A. flew B. slipped C. landed D. struggled10、 A. listening B. working C. bouncing D. barking12、A. Usually11、 A. cook B. remo
8、ve C. control D. killB. Gradually C. Finally D. Immediately8. B9. B10. D11. C12. C13. A14. C15. B16. C17. D18. A19. D20. BSection II Reading Comprehension2、1. C2. D3. D4. B3、1. A2. A3. A4. C4、1. C2. A3. D5、1. A2. C3. D4. B6、 1. that2. which3. . had announced4. compared5. , what6. greatly7. on/upon8.
9、 . are shown /showed9. themselves10. to find7、1. friends2. probably3. requires4. but5. . eating6. left7. to8. who9. To solve10. theSection III Translation8、1. C2. D3. A4. F5. G9、1. F2. E3. A4. C5. D13、 A. until B. in case C. if D. so that14 A. headB. neck C. backD breast15、 A. flashed B. appeared16、
10、 A. laughing B. sniffing17、 A. ruinedB. accepted18 A. turkeyB. foodC.19 A. filled B. connected20、 A. expanded B. beganPart AC. shook D. scratchedC. chewing D. feelingC. rejected D. savedsupper D. saltC. started D. replacedC. existed D. changedSection II Reading ComprehensionDirections:Read the follo
11、wing four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Our society is generally becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which manbecomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oi
12、ling is done with higher wages, Nell-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and human-relations“ experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue and the white-collar workers have become economic puppe
13、ts who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction of interesting life. They live and die without ever
14、 having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some resp
15、ects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of obedience and independence. From the moment on the
16、y are tested again and again - by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than ones fellow competitor creates constant anxiety and st
17、ress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.Am I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century free enterprise capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming
18、our social system form a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption ends in a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities - those of all love and of reason 一 are the aims of social arrangements. Production and consumption sho
19、uld serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.1、By a well-oiled cog in the machinery the author intends to deliver the idea that man is.A. a necessary part though the function of each is insignificantB. working in complete harmony with the rest of societyC. an unimport
20、ant part in comparison with the rest of societyD. a irreplaceable component of society when working smoothly2、The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that.A. they are more likely to lose their present workB. they have no real satisfaction or interest in lifeC. they are confront
21、ed with the fundamental realitiesD. they are deprived of individuality and independence3、From the passage we can conclude that real happiness of life belongs to those.A. who always live at the bottom of the societyB. who tend to be higher up in their social statusC. who prove better than their fello
22、w competitorsD. who could dip far away from this competitive world4、The authors attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of.A. approvalB. dissatisfaction C. suspicionD. sensibilityText 2If you want to convince the boss you deserve a pay rise or promotion, the solution could be
23、simple - eat the same food as they do. Psychologists have discovered managers are much more likely to instantly trust us if we choose the same dishes as them.During experiments, discussions over wages and work conditions were much more successful if both sides chose to snack on the same treats. And
24、shoppers were much more likely to buy a product advertised on TV by someone eating a similar food to them at the time.The reason is thought to be so-called similarity attraction theory where people tend to like others who have similar tastes or habits to themselves. But this is believed to be one of
25、 the first studies highlighting the role of food in this relationship. Researchers at Chicago University in the US conducted a series of experiments to examine foods role in earning trust.In a test, participants were told to watch TV where someone pretending to be a member of the public praised a ce
26、rtain product. The volunteers were given Kit Kat bars to nibble （咬），while the TV people ate either a Kit Kat or grapes as they talked.The results showed viewers were much more likely to express an interest in buying the product if the TV showed the other person eating a Kit Kat too.The researchers a
27、dded, Although similarity in food consumption is not a sign of whether two people will get along, we find consumers treat this as such. They feel more trusting of those who consume as they do. It means people can immediately begin to feel friendship and develop a bond, leading to smoother transactio
28、ns （交易）from the start.”Harley Street psychologist Dr. Lucy Atcheson said it was already known that wearing similar clothes could instantly create trust. But this was the first report that food had the same effect. She said, “This is really interesting. It makes sense as people feel they have common
29、ground and can trust the other person. That means negotiations are more likely to be successfuL1 According to the passage, customers are likely to buy a product from a dealer who.A. has the same taste as themB. advertises his products on TVC. reduces the price of his productsD. pays attention to the
30、 quality of his products2、 The experiments conducted by researchers at Chicago University show that.A. food plays an important role in earning peoples trustB. bosses like employees that have the same taste as themC. people who have similar tastes to their bosss earn moreD. people have less interest
31、in buying products advertised on TV3、What can be inferred from the passage?A. People who eat similar food are more likely to trust each other.B. People will get along with each other if they like to eat similar things.C. The effect of wearing similar clothes hasnt been proved by researchers.D. Peopl
32、e are more likely to make friends with those wearing the same clothes as them.4、Which of the following sayings can be an example of the similarity attraction theory?A. Honesty is the best policy.B All good things come to an end.C. Birds of a feather flock together.D. Where there is a will, there is
33、a way.Text 3With more than 100,000 people aged 100 or over, Spain is the country with the greatest life expectancy after Japan.How do you live to 100? Here 4 of the countrys centenarians （百岁老人）give their advice on staying youthful.Francisco Nunez, 112He is from Bienvenida, Badajoz, southern Spain. N
34、unez lives with his daughter. He says he doesnt like the pensioners9 （领养 老金的人）daycare center because its full of old people, whose negative attitude towards life affects him deeply sometimes. Despite his old age. he has always maintained （保持）a youthful outlook, and that is what has kept him going on
35、.Pedro Rodriguez, 106He lives in Cangas de Onis, Asturias, northern Spain.Rodriguez plays the piano every day in the living room of the flat where he lives with his wife who is nearly 20 years younger than him. Their daughters visit them often. His hobby is something that he feels has kept him young
36、. The nuns （修女）taught me how to play the piano as a child, he says.Maximino San Miguel, 102He lives in Leon, northern Spain. San Miguel discovered his passion （酷爱）for amateur dramatics at the age of 80 and has participated in many local productions. He didnt go to school as a child because he was se
37、nt to work as a shepherd （牧羊人）. He prefers reading books about drawing and travelling. Now this hobby, he said, has kept him full of energy.Pilar Fernandez, 101She lives with her daughter Pili, granddaughters Fiori and Ana in Ambas, Asturias, northern Spain. Fernandez suffered hunger and hardship du
38、ring the war years alongside her nine brothers and sisters. To avoid history repeating itself, she limited herself to just one child. From pure fear, I didnt have anymore J says Fernandez. One of the best things for her health, she says, is tending livestock （家畜）and a vegetable garden.299、Why does F
39、rancisco Nunez dislike living with other old people?A.They may dependon hishelp.B.He is sensitive to his old age.C.They may affect his attitude to life.D.He has more kids to lookafter at home.1、What benefits her health according to Pilar Fernandez?A.Doing gardening.B.Learning history.C.Living with k
40、ids.D.Having more children.2、What can we infer about the four old people from the text?A. They are fond of exercising regularly.B. They led a hard life when they were young.C. They have the same hobbies in their free time.D. They have their own method of staying youthful.Text 4A few years ago I had
41、an aha! moment regarding handwriting.I had in my hand a sheet of paper with handwritten instructions on it for some sort of editorial task. It occurred at first that I did not recognize the handwriting, and then I realized whose it must be. I finally became aware of the fact that I had been working
42、with this colleague for at least a year, maybe two, and yet I did not recognize her handwriting at that point.It was a very important event in the computerization of life-a sign that the informal. Friendly communication of people working together in an office had changed from notes in pen to instant
43、 messages and emails. There was a time when our workdays were filled with little letters, and we recognized one anothers handwriting the way we knew voices or faces.As a child visiting my fathers office, I was pleased to recognize, in little notes on the desks of his staff, the same handwriting I wo
44、uld see at home in the notes he would leave on the fridge-except that those notes were signed 6Cdad, instead of“RFW”.All this has been on my mind because of the talk about The Rise and Fall of Handwriting, a book by Florey. She shows in her book a deep concern about the fall of handwriting and the f
45、ailure of schools to teach children to write well, but many others argue that people in a digital age cant be expected to learn to hold a pen.I dont buy it.I dont want to see anyone cut off from the expressive, personal associations that a pen still promotes better than a digital keyboard does. For
46、many a biographer, part of really getting to know their subjects is learning to read their handwriting.What some people advocate is teaching one of the many attractive handwritings based on the handwriting of 16lh-century Italy. That may sound impossibly grandas if they want kids to learn to draw by
47、 copying classical paintings. However, they have worked in many school systems.1、Why was the author surprised at not recognizing his colleagues handwriting?A. He had worked with his colleague long enough.B His colleagues handwriting was so beautiful.C. His colleagues handwriting was so terrible.D. H
48、e still had a lot of work to do.2、People working together in an office used to.A. talk more about handwritingB , take more notes on workdaysC. know better one anothers handwritingD. communicate better with one another3、 According to the author, handwritten notes.A. are harder to teach in schoolsB , attract more attentionC - are used only between friendsD. carry more message4、We can learn from the passage that the a