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1、Unit 2 Neighbours Reading知识精讲知识点1 helpful 教材P20【用法详解】helpful adj. 给予帮助的，有益的；愿意帮忙的 helpless adj. 无助的，不能自立的 Sorry I cant be more helpful.对不起，我帮不上更多的忙。It would be helpful for me to see the damage for myself.要能亲眼看看造成的破坏会对我有所帮助。He lay helpless on the floor.他无助地躺在地板上。help v. & n. 帮助 of some help = helpful
2、 help sb (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth. 在某事上帮助某人 with the help of 在的帮助下Do you need any help with that?这事你需要帮忙吗？Can I beof any helpto you?我能帮你什么忙吗？None of this would be possible without their help.如果没有他们的协助，这事没有一样能办成。She stopped smokingwith the helpof her family and friends.她在家人和朋友的帮助下戒了烟。【典例
3、讲解】The advice is of _ . All of us think its _ to us.A.helpful; helpB.help; helpingC.helping; helpfulD.help; helpful【答案】D【解析】句意：这建议很有帮助。我们都认为它对我们是有帮助的。考查词性辨析。helpful形容词，有帮助的；help名词帮助；“be of+名词”相当于“be+形容词”。根据句意及语境可知，第一空是help，第二空是形容词helpful作表语。故选D。知识点2 volunteer 教材P20【用法详解】1.volunteer n. 义务工作者；志愿者volun
4、teer helpers无偿援助者Schools need volunteers to help children to read.学校需要义务工作者帮助儿童阅读。2. volunteer n. 自告奋勇者；主动做某事的人Are there any volunteers to help clear up? 有自愿帮助清扫的人吗？3. volunteer v. 自愿做；义务做；无偿做Canyouvolunteer tohelpthemwith Englishonweekends? 你能在周末志愿帮助他们学英语吗？Foryourfourthyearofcollege,youmustvoluntee
5、rattheschoollibrary.在你大四的时候，你必须在学校图书馆做志愿者。【典例讲解】A large number of _ went to Wuhan to help the local people. (volunteer)【答案】volunteers【解析】句意：大量的志愿者去武汉帮助当地人民。此前有“A large number of”修饰，使用名词复数形式，故填volunteers。知识点3 skill 教材P20【用法详解】skill n. 技巧；技艺；技术，技能 reading skills 阅读技巧 study skills 学习技巧writing skills 写作
6、技巧 integrated skills 综合技能skill (in/at sth) 在某方面有技巧；技艺 skill(in/at doing sth) 在做某事方面有技巧；技艺Ifyou haveaskillina hotarea,youllfindwork.如果你在热门领域掌握了一项技能，你就能找到工作。Everyoneneeds askillin saving. 每个人都需要节约的技能。【典例讲解】Social workers share their _ (skill) and help people with different problems.【答案】skills【解析】句意：社会
7、工作人员分享他们的技能，帮助人们解决不同的问题。根据Social workers share their可知是复数；故填skills。【拓展】skilled adj. 有技能的；熟练的 Wehavea problem of skilled labour. 我们缺少熟练工。Heisahard workerand askilledgardener. 他是一个工作努力的人，一个技艺娴熟的园艺工。知识点4 all kinds of problems 教材P20【用法详解】all kinds of 各种各样的Theysellall kindsofthings.他们出售各种各样的东西。Sheisused
8、todealing withall kindsofpeopleinherjob. 她已习惯于和工作中遇到的各种各样的人打交道。 problem n. 问题 have problems with sth have problems doing sth 做某事有问题There are some problems with the machine. 这台机器有很多问题。Jim has some problems doing his homework. Jim 做家庭作业时有一些问题。 【典例讲解】1.What are you good at, Jeremy?_. _ I want to take p
9、art in the basketball game this year.A.Playing all kinds of balls; Thats becauseB.Play all kinds of balls; Thats whyC.Playing all kinds of balls; Thats whyD.Play all kinds of balls; Thats because【答案】C【解析】句意：你擅长什么，杰里米？ 打各种各样的球。这就是我今年想参加篮球比赛的原因。分析句子结构可知，第一个空的答语应该是Im good at playing all kinds of balls.
10、 的省略句。因此排除B/D；其次“Playing all kinds of balls.”又是“I want to take part in the basketball game this year.”的原因，因此用Thats why引导。故选C。2.The kind volunteer helps us with all kinds of _.A.problemsB.skillsC.questionsD.troubles【答案】A【解析】句意：这个善良的志愿者帮助我们解决各种各样的问题。考查名词辨析。problems问题（一般指难以解决的问题）；skills能力；questions问题（一
11、般指有答案的问题）；trouble麻烦（表示麻烦，困难时，是不可数名词）。根据“The kind volunteer helps us with all kinds of.”可知他们是帮助我们解决我们难以解决的问题，用problem。故选A。知识点5 There is something wrong with. 教材P20【用法详解】There is something wrong with my computer. 我的电脑出毛病了，出故障了。= Something is wrong with my computer.=My computer is not working well.=My
12、computer is broken.There is nothing wrong with sth .= Nothing is wrong with sth.= There isnt anything wrong with. There is nothing wrong with the car. 车子没毛病。= Nothing is wrong with the car. = There isnt anything wrong with the car. 【典例讲解】There is _ with Billys eyes. He cant see _ now.A.wrong somethi
13、ng; somethingB.wrong anything; anythingC.something wrong ; somethingD.something wrong ; anything【答案】D【解析】句意：比利的眼睛有问题。现在他什么东西也看不见。考查复合不定代词。something某样东西，用于肯定句中；anything任何东西，某样东西，放在否定或疑问句中。形容词修饰复合不定代词时，放在不定代词的后面，表达“什么地方出了问题”用“something wrong”。根据“He cant see”可知是否定句，表达“看不到什么东西”，用“anything”。故选D。【拓展】somet
14、hing anything nothing something, anything, nothing 为复合不定代词，something表示：某事，某物；anything 任何事，nothing没有什么。形容词修饰不定代词，要放在不定代词的后面，做后置定语。知识点6 ask 教材P20【用法详解】1. ask v. 问；询问He asked about her family.他询问了她的家庭情况。How old are youif you dontmind me/my asking?要是你不介意我提问你多大年纪了？Can Iask a question?我能提个问题吗？2. ask v. 要求
15、；请求；请求，恳求（给予）；征求ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事，否定形式：ask sb. not to do sth. 要求某人不要做某事Eric asked me to marry him. 埃里克求我嫁给他。I am writing to ask for some information about courses. 我写信是想了解关于课程的情况。【典例讲解】My parents often ask me _ too much time _ computer games.A.dont spend; playingB.not to spend; to playC.to
16、not spend; to playD.not to spend; playing【答案】D【解析】句意：我父母经常叫我不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。考查非谓语动词。ask sb no to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”，故第一空填not to spend。spend+时间+doing sth“花费时间做某事”，动名词作宾语，故选D。知识点7 check 教材P20【用法详解】1.check v. 检查；审查；核查；检验She gave me the minutes of the meeting to read and check.她把会议记录交给我审阅。Check your work be
17、fore handing it in.交作业以前先检查一遍。2. check v. 查明；查看；核实；弄确实Is Mary in the office? Just a moment. Ill go and check.“玛丽在办公室吗？”“请稍等，我去看看。”Youd better check with Jane what time shes waiting for us tonight.你最好向简核实一下她今晚要见我们的时间。3. check n. 检查，查看（是否安全、正确、状况良好），调查Could you give the tyres a check?你能检查一下轮胎吗？a check
18、 for spelling mistakes检查有无拼写错误【典例讲解】Linda, _ the weather forecast before you go on a trip.A.checksB.checkC.checkingD.to check【答案】B【解析】句意：琳达，在你去旅行之前，查一下天气预报。考查祈使句。由语境可知，本句是对Linda提出建议，故使用祈使句，动词原形开头，故选B。知识点8 broken 教材P20【用法详解】broken adj. 破损的；伤残的；残缺的；出了毛病的a broken window/plate破碎的窗玻璃盘子How did this dishge
19、t broken?这个盘子是怎么打破的？break v. （使）破，裂，碎She dropped the plate and itbroke into pieces.她把盘子掉在地上打碎了。She fell off a ladder and broke her arm.她从梯子上掉下来，摔断了胳膊。【典例讲解】Do you know who _ the glass?Sorry, I dont know. By the way, who is the owner of the _ glass?A.broke; brokeB.broke; brokenC.broken; brokenD.broke
20、n; broke【答案】B【解析】句意：你知道谁打破了这个玻璃杯吗？对不起，我不知道。顺便问一下，谁是这个破玻璃杯的主人？考查一般过去时和形容词作定语。broke是break的过去式，打破；broken既可以是break的过去分词，也可以是形容词，作动词时意为“打破”，作形容词时意为“破损的”。根据回答“Sorry, I dont know.”可知，此处是“询问谁打破了玻璃杯”，而且问句中没有助动词have/has，所以时态不使用现在完成时，要使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式，所以排除C和D；答句中glass是名词，此处需要形容词broken修饰名词glass，所以排除A。故选B。知识点9 so
21、meone 教材P20【用法详解】someone = somebody 在否定句或疑问句中，要把someone改成anyone。1)当someone等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Someone is knocking at the door. 有人在敲门。2)当有形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词应放在不定代词后面。Could I speak to someone else ? 我能和其他人讲话吗？【典例讲解】Did you go _ last weekend?Yes. I also met _ there.A.somewhere; someone friendlyB.anywhere;
22、friendly someoneC.somewhere; anyone friendlyD.anywhere; someone friendly【答案】D【解析】句意：你上周去过任何地方了吗？是的，我还在那里遇到了一个友好的人。考查复合不定代词的用法。somewhere某个地方，常用于肯定句中；anywhere任何地方，常用于否定和疑问句中。someone某人，常用于肯定句中；anyone任何人，常用于否定和疑问句中；friendly友好的。因第一句为一般疑问句，故应用anywhere；形容词修饰复合不定代词时置其后，且第二句为肯定句，故用someone friendly。故选D。知识点10
23、fix 教材P20【用法详解】fix = mend = repair v. 修理The car wont startcan you fix it?这辆车发动不起来了你能修理一下吗？I can fix the phone on my own. 我可以自己修手机。【典例讲解】My computer is broken. Why not ask Mr Smith _ for you?A.to fix up itB.fix up itC.fix it upD.to fix it up【答案】D【解析】句意：我的电脑坏了。为什么不请史密斯先生为你修一下呢？考查非谓语动词及代词的位置。ask sb. to
24、 do sth.“请某人做某事”；fix up是“动词+副词”结构的短语，与人称代词it连用时，it置于短语中间。故选D。知识点11 ready 教材P20【用法详解】ready adj. 准备好；准备完毕be ready to do sth.乐于做某事，愿意做某事 = be willing to do sth. 准备好要做某事Right, were ready to go.对，我们准备好了，可以走了。I am ready to help anytime. 我随时乐于帮忙。be / get ready for: 为做好准备 Im justgettingthe kidsreadyfor scho
25、ol.我正在让孩子们准备好去上学。I was twenty years old andready for anything.我当时二十岁，什么都愿意去做。【典例讲解】_ New Years Eve, people are always busy _ different kinds of food _ the dinner.A.At; get; ready toB.At; getting; ready forC.On; getting; ready forD.On; to get; ready for【答案】C【解析】句意：在除夕夜，人们总是忙着为晚餐准备各种各样的食物。考查介词和非谓语动词。a
26、t和on都是时间介词，on+具体某一天；at+具体时刻点。“在除夕夜”英文表示为on New Years Eve；be busy doing sth.意为“忙于做某事”，get ready for“为做好准备”。故选C。知识点12 do some shopping 教材P20【用法详解】do some shopping 买东西，购物do+some+ doing常表示一些笼统而不明指的事。do some reading阅读 do some cleaning打扫卫生do some cooking烹饪 do some washing洗衣服【典例讲解】What about _ with me tomo
27、rrow?A.doing some shoppingB.do some shoppingC.to do some shoppingD.does some shopping【答案】A【解析】句意：明天和我一起去购物怎么样？考查非谓语动词。do some shopping“去购物”，固定短语，what about doing sth“做某事处么样”，固定句式。故选A。知识点13 lucky 教材P20【用法详解】luck n. 运气 good luck to sb. 祝某人好运 Youre in luck.The doctors stillin. 你运气不错，医生还在。lucky adj. 幸运的
28、 反义词：unlucky 不幸的 a lucky dog 幸运儿sb be lucky to do sth. =Its lucky for sb. to do sth. 某人很幸运做了某事/对于某人来说做了某事是幸运的Youweredead luckytogetthatjob. 你得到那份工作，真是太幸运了。Iwasanunluckynurse whohad toworkonsucha beautifulfestival.我是一个倒霉的护士，不得不在这么美好的节日里工作。luckily adv. 幸运地 反义词：unluckily adv. 不幸地 Luckily,shesavedhersel
29、f. 幸运的是，她救了自己。Unluckily,mybrotherfell offhisbikeandhurt hisleg. 不幸的是，我弟弟从自行车上摔下来，摔伤了腿。【典例讲解】The star can bring good _ to the little _ girl.A.luck; luckilyB.luck; luckyC.lucky; luckD.unlucky; lucky【答案】B【解析】句意：星星能给幸运的小女孩带来好运。考查名词和形容词的用法。luck运气；luckily幸运地；lucky幸运的；unlucky不幸的。“good”后接名词，排除CD；“girl”前缺少定语
30、，用形容词，排除A。故选B。能力拓展一 单项选择。1.When you have problems, strong colours may be _ you.A.of some help toB.helpful forC.of helpful toD.help with【答案】A【解析】句意：当你遇到问题时，鲜艳的颜色可能会对你有所帮助。考查固定短语。“对某人有帮助”用be of some help to或be helpful to sb.表示。结合选项可知，只有选项A正确。故选A。2.There are _ clothes in the shop, but they are _ expens
31、ive for me.A.kind of; all kindsB.all kinds of; kind ofC.kind of; all kinds ofD.all kinds of; kinds of【答案】B【解析】句意：在商店里有各种各样的衣服，但是对于我来说它们有点贵。考查短语辨析。all kinds of意为“各种各样的”后面经常加可数名词复数，kind of意为“有点”后面可以跟形容词，kinds of意为“一个种类里面有很多个数量”，根据第一个空后面的“clothes in the shop”，排除A和C，由第二个空后面的expensive“贵的”形容词，可知，排除D，故选B。3
32、.Could you open the door? _.A.Yes, I could.B.Yes, pleaseC.No, I couldntD.No problem【答案】D【解析】句意：你能把门打开吗？没问题。考查情境交际，观察句子是以could开头的一般疑问句，这里是could 引导的一般疑问句如表示委婉请求的句子，肯定回答应该用Yes, I can，所以AC都不对；Yes, please是的，请；No problem没问题，结合上句可知应该是回答“没问题”更符合句意，故选D。4.There is _ with the computer. It doesnt work.A.nothing
33、 wrongB.anything wrongC.wrongD.something wrong【答案】D【解析】句意：这台电脑出毛病了。它不起作用。考查代词辨析。nothing wrong没有毛病；anything wrong有毛病（通常用于否定句和疑问句中）；wrong错误的；something wrong有毛病（通常用于肯定句中）。根据“It doesnt work.”可推断，电脑“有毛病”，空格所在句为肯定句。故选D。5.My parents often ask me _ early in the morning.A.get upB.gets upC.to get upD.getting
34、up【答案】C【解析】句意：我父母经常让我早上早起。考查非谓语动词。固定短语ask sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事”，故选C。6.Theres _ with my iPad. I need to ask someone _it.A.nothing wrong; to checkB.wrong something; checkingC.anything wrong; to checkD.something wrong; to check【答案】D【解析】句意：我的平板电脑出故障了。我需要找人检查一下。Theres something wrong with sth“某物出故障了”。 T
35、heres nothing wrong with sth“某物没出故障”，anything用于否定句或疑问句，此处是肯定句，故用something。根据I need to ask someone it可知此处是出故障了。ask sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”，故此处用动词不定式to check。故选D。考点：考查不定代词和动词不定式的用法。7.Mr. Yang spends much time _ his emails on the computer every day.A.checkB.checksC.to checkD.checking【答案】D【解析】句意：杨先生每天花很多时
36、间在电脑上查看电子邮件。考查非谓语动词。sb spends+时间+doing sth“花费时间做某事”，动名词作宾语，故选D。8.- Is there wrong with your bicycle?- Yes, it is and I will have to ask someone to fix it.A.anything; brokenB.something; breakC.something; brokenD.anything; breaking【答案】A【解析】句意为：-你的自行车有什么问题吗?-有。坏了。我不得不让人来修一下。something用于肯定句，anything用于否定和
37、疑问句。此外，这里“be+过去分词”可用于表示一种状态，而“be+现在分词”表示的是一个动作。根据语境并结合选项可知应选A。9.Is the room only for Amy?No, its _.A.Amys and someone elsesB.Amy and someone elsesC.Amys and someones elseD.Amy and someones else【答案】B【解析】句意：这个房间只是给艾米吗？不，它是艾米和其他人的。考查名词所有格。当表示某个事物被共同拥有时，只将最后一个名词变所有格，故排除A、B项；表示“其他人的”应用someone elses。故选B。1
38、0.The club members each _ help others.A.is ready toB.are ready toC.is ready forD.are ready for【答案】B【解析】句意：每个俱乐部成员都乐于帮助别人。考查形容词短语。be ready to do sth乐于做某事；be ready for doing sth为做好准备。此空后接动词原形help，排除C和D选项。主语members是复数形式，be动词用are，故选B。11.Remember to have your breakfast every day. It helps you_ the day.A.
39、get ready forB.getting ready toC.getting ready forD.get ready to【答案】A【解析】句意：记得每天都吃早餐。它帮助你为一天做好准备。考查固定搭配。get ready for为做准备；get ready to准备好做某事。根据help的用法help sb. (to) do sth“帮助某人做某事”可知，空格上应该填动词原形，故排除选项B和C；根据空格后的the day是名词可知，故使用 get ready for，故选A。12.-I am not feeling _these days,so I go to see a doctor.
40、-But_,you still do well in the exam.A.good, luckilyB.well, unluckilyC.good, luckyD.well, luckily【答案】D【解析】句意：这些天我感觉不好，因此我去看医生。但是，幸运的是，你仍然考得很好。根据good,好，形容词； luckily 幸运地，副词；well好，副词；, unluckily不幸地，副词； lucky幸运的，形容词；根据表示身体好时用well，feel well感觉好，排除A/C；根据you still do well in the exam.可知是幸运的是；故选D。分层提分题组A 基础过关
41、练一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.If you require strength in either body or mind, red may be of some _(helpful) to you.【答案】help【解析】句意：如果你要求或者身体或者思想强大，红色可能对你有些帮助。be of+名词,表示具有.，故用名词help。2.Can you find any _ (volunteer) in your community centre?【答案】volunteers【解析】句意：在你们社区你能找到一些志愿者吗？根据句意可知是志愿者；根据any，可知用复数形式；故填volunteers
42、3.We got to the station late. _ (luck), we caught the last train to Zhuhai.【答案】Luckily【解析】句意：我们到车站时晚了。幸运的是，我们赶上了去珠海的最后一班火车。luck“运气”，是名词，此处需使用其副词形式luckily修饰整个句子，故填Luckily。4.Most people usually walk away when someone is _ (kind) to them.【答案】unkind【解析】句意：当有人对他们不友好时，大多数人通常会走开。根据上文“Most people usually wa
43、lk away”可知，当有人表现得不友好时，他们会走开。形容词kind的反义词是unkind，意为“不友好的”，符合句意，故填unkind。5.If you have any _(problem), you can ask Dr. Knowall for help.【答案】problems【解析】句意：如果你有一些问题，你可以像Know-all医生求助。any与不可数名词或复数名词连用，用于if之后，表示“一些”。problem表示“问题”，可数名词，复数形式+s。故答案为problems。6.Sometimes its difficult for some students _(check)
44、 their homework after finishing it.【答案】to check【解析】句意：有时候，对于学生来说做完家庭作业后再检查是很难的。It is adj. for sb to do sth，所以此处填动词不定式，故答案是to check。7.Peter didnt go to school because he has a _ leg in the accident.(break)【答案】broken【解析】句意：彼得没有上学，因为他在事故中摔断了一条腿。leg是名词，前面可由形容词进行修饰。break的形容词是broken，意为“伤残的”，符合题意。故填broken。8.Did you see _(someone) on the hill this morning?【答案】anyone【解析】句意：今天早晨你在山上看到人了吗？someone用于肯定句，疑问句用anyone，表示“任何人”。故填anyone。9.How about _ (fix