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1、优点英语专题03 介词、动词短语和介词短语 冲关练100题2022-2023学年寒假高二英语轻松突破重难点查漏补缺组合练(解析版)目录l 用单词的适当形式完成句子l 选用适当的单词或短语补全句子l 加强版选词填空l 用单词的适当形式完成短文 一 用单词的适当形式完成句子1(2022黑龙江哈师大附中高二期中)My dance comes from their traditional belief and aims to bring _ the Dai womens beauty.【答案】out【详解】考查动词短语。句意:我的舞蹈来自傣族的传统信仰,旨在展现傣族女性的美。根据句意可知,此处为动词短
2、语bring out“使显示,使出现”,满足句意要求。故填out。2(2022广东东莞高二阶段练习)Life consists_sunshine and hard times. 【答案】of【详解】考查介词。句意:生活由阳光和艰难岁月组成。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用动词短语consist of“由组成”。故填of。3(2022广东茂名高二期中)As a country with a history of more than 5000 years, China is rich _ civilization and culture. 【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意:中国是一个有着5000
3、多年历史的国家,有着丰富的文明和文化。be rich in.是固定搭配,意为“富于;盛产”,符合句意。故填in。4(2022广东佛山高二学业考试)For more than 50 years, he has devoted his life_rice production. 【答案】to【详解】考查介词。句意:50多年来,他一直致力于水稻产量。devote.to.“致力于”为固定短语。故填to。5(2022吉林高二学业考试)The novel is made up _ ten stories. 【答案】of【详解】考查介词。句意:这篇小说由10个故事构成。根据句意可知,此处意为“由构成”,表达
4、为be made up of,故填of。6(2022广东东莞高二期中)He engages_voluntary work in his spare time. 【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意:他在空闲时间里参与志愿工作。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处考查短语engage in,表示“从事,参与”,设空处故填介词in。故填in。7(2022青海海南藏族自治州高级中学高二阶段练习)As young people, we are supposed to show respect for those who are senior _ us.【答案】to【详解】考查介词。句意:作为年轻人,我们应该尊重
5、那些比我们年长的人。分析句子结构可知,此处考查固定搭配be senior to意为“年长于”。故填to。8(2022黑龙江双鸭山一中高二期中)It will be a short time before we adapt _ the new environment.【答案】to【详解】考查介词。句意:我们很快就会适应新环境。固定短语adapt to适应。故填to。9(2022北京人大附中高二期中)Nowadays, many people are addicted _Tik Tok, which is not a very productive way of life.【答案】to【详解】考查
6、介词。句意:如今,许多人沉迷于抖音,这不是一种富有成效的生活方式。分析句意可知此处填介词to,构成be addicted to,表示“沉迷于”。故填to。10(2022北京市第十三中学高二期中)Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour. 【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意:Jane很着急,因为去机场的火车半小时以后就要出发了。本题的关键是the train to the airport leaves火车将要离开;在这句话里使用了一般现在时代替将来时,表示按照车站的时间表列车进出,“in+一
7、段时间”可以和将来时连用。故填in。11(2022福建省厦门第六中学高二期中)We have a witness relevant _ this case. 【答案】to【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:我们有一名与此案有关的证人。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里考查固定搭配be relevant to,表示“和有关”的意思。故填to。12(2022河南信阳高中高二阶段练习)She was grateful_him for being so good to her. 【答案】to【详解】考查介词。句意:她很感激他对她这么好。分析句子可知,此处考查固定短语be grateful to,意为“对感激”,故空
8、处应用介词to。故填to。13(2022全国高二单元测试)We can say,_doubt,that such diseases as cancer will be cured one day. 【答案】without【详解】考查介词。句意:我们可以毫无疑问地说,像癌症这样的疾病总有一天会被治愈。根据“such diseases as cancer will be cured one day. ”表示,这是确定的,毫无疑问是without doubt,空处缺少介词。故填without。14(2022全国高二单元测试)The chemist is very strict with himsel
9、f and will always put everything in the lab_place.【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意:这个化学家对自己要求很严格,总是把实验室里的东西都放好。根据“is very strict with himself”可知,这个化学家严格要求自己,把实验室东西摆放好。in place表示“在对的位置”,故填in。15(2022全国高二单元测试)_no means will we sign contracts with companies which are dishonest. 【答案】By【详解】考查介词。句意:我们决不与不诚实的公司签订合同。根据句意及所
10、给句子可知,此处是介词短语by no means“决不”。故填By。16(2022山西太原五中高二阶段练习)We have the means _ which we can create a truly better world. 【答案】by【详解】考查介词。句意:我们有办法创造一个真正更美好的世界。分析句子,设空处应该填写介词构成“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。冠词代词which指代前文的means,by means为固定短语,意为“通过某种方式,借助”。故填by。17(2022全国高二单元测试)The room is in a mess. It must have been broken
11、 _while we were away. 【答案】into【详解】考查介词。句意:房间一团糟。我们不在时,肯定有人进来过。结合语境表达“闯入”用break into.。故填into。18(2022全国高二单元测试)At the beginning of the month, Tom and others were still looking for an alternative _Mary. 【答案】to【详解】考查介词。句意:在这个月初,Tom和其他人还在寻找能够替代Mary的人。an alternative to.的替代,固定搭配,故填to。19(2022河南信阳高中高二阶段练习)The
12、se tables are reserved_ special guests.【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意:这些桌子是为特殊客人预留的。短语be reserved for 表示“为预留”。故填for。20(2022广东东莞四中高二期中)Prior_coming to China, I have travelled to many places of interest. 【答案】to【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:来中国之前,我去过许多名胜古迹。prior to“在之前”,to为介词,后面加名词或动名词。故填to。21(2022广东东莞市东华松山湖高级中学有限公司高二阶段练习)Officia
13、l statistics show that violent crime in this city is _the decrease. 【答案】on【详解】考查介词。句意:官方统计数据显示这个城市的暴力犯罪正在减少。分析句子可知,空处缺少介词,on the decrease“在减少”,为固定短语。故填on。22(2022黑龙江哈师大附中高二阶段练习)The increase in racial tension constitutes a threat _ our society. 【答案】to【详解】考查介词。句意:种族紧张局势的加剧对我们的社会构成了威胁。名词词组our society在句中
14、作为宾语,前面可以填介词。根据句意可知,此处表示“对于我们社会的威胁”,故选to。23(2022黑龙江哈尔滨三中高二阶段练习)You may borrow the book _ condition that you do not lend it to anyone else. 【答案】on【详解】考查短语。句意:你可以借这本书,条件是你不能借给别人。短语: on condition that“以为条件”,所以空处填介词on,故填on。24(2022湖南雅礼中学高二阶段练习)Butterfly Lovers is played on Western instruments such as the
15、 violin, but more significantly, much of the music has its roots_Chinese Yue Opera. 【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意:梁祝是用小提琴等西方乐器演奏的,但更重要的是,大部分音乐都源自中国越剧。短语have roots in表示“起源于”。故填in。25(2022江苏泰州中学高二阶段练习)In the future, advertising will be even more about understanding individual customers and sending them advertiseme
16、nts that are tailored _ specific needs. 【答案】to【详解】考查介词。句意:在未来,广告将更多地理解个体客户,并向他们发送针对特定需求的广告。be tailored to “为量身定制”是固定搭配。故填to。26(2022全国高二课时练习)Who would have guessed that he would fetch _ as director of the firm? 【答案】up【详解】考查介词。句意:谁会想到他会成为公司的董事?根据句意可知fetch up意为“到达,最终成为”,符合句意,故填up。27(2022全国高二课时练习)Please
17、 fetch me a clean handkerchief _ my bedroom. 【答案】from【详解】考查介词。句意:请从卧室里给我拿一块干净的手帕。分析句子,设空处应该填写介词与后文的名词构成介词短语,在句中作状语。此处表示“从;来自”,应该用from。故填from。28(2022全国高二课时练习)The yacht wasnt _ sail because the wind wasnt strong enough. 【答案】under【详解】考查介词。句意:游艇没有扬帆,因为风不够大。结合句意应填介词under,under sail意为“在航行;扬帆”,固定搭配。故填under
18、。29(2022全国高二课时练习)Dick was staring _ of the window, lost in thought. 【答案】out【详解】考查介词。句意:迪克盯着窗外,陷入了沉思。根据句意,此处表达“窗外”,out of the window窗外,符合题意。故填out。30(2022全国高二课时练习)I advise you to polish _ your article once more before you send it to the editor. 【答案】up【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我劝你在把文章送交编辑以前再润色一次。固定短语polish up(改善,
19、改进,使完美)符合句意的需要。故填up。31(2022全国高二课时练习)Poverty and bad housing conditions are still very much _ evidence. 【答案】in【详解】考查固定短语。句意:贫困和糟糕的住房条件仍很常见。in evidence:明显的, 显而易见的。故填in。32(2022全国高二课时练习)We found further scientific evidence _ this theory. 【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意:我们为这一理论找到了进一步的科学证据。名词evidence后接介词for,表示对象、用途,意为
20、“给,对;为了,以帮助”,作状语。故填for。33(2022全国高二课时练习)That experience struck honesty _ her heart when she was still a little girl. 【答案】into【详解】考查介词。句意:在她还是个小女孩的时候,那次经验把诚实刻在她心里。分析句子可知,空处是固定搭配strike into,意为“扎进;突然跑;突然开始”。故填into。34(2022全国高二课时练习)They will do their best to preserve the historic buildings _ being destroy
21、ed. 【答案】from#against【详解】考查介词。句意:他们将尽最大努力保护历史建筑不被破坏。preserve from/against意为“保护免受伤害”符合句意,故填from/ against。35(2022全国高二课时练习)Dont allow yourself to sink _ grief; it can do no good. 【答案】into【详解】考查介词。句意:不要让自己陷入悲伤;这没有任何好处。设空处应填介词into,动词短语sink into,意为“陷入”,sink into grief,意为“陷入悲伤”。故填into。36(2022全国高二课时练习)What w
22、e required you to do is corresponding_ the contract. (与对应, 相符) 【答案】to#with【详解】考查介词。句意:我们要求你做的是符合合同的。“与对应,相符”为固定搭配correspond to/with sth.。故填to/with。37(2022全国高二课时练习)Most people are identified_ their own minds and emotions.【答案】with【详解】考查介词。句意:大多数人都认同自己的思想和情感。分析句子可知,此处考查固定短语be identified with,意为“认同”,故空处
23、应用介词with。故填with。38(2022全国高二课时练习)Most stars are not visible_ the naked eye. (对是可见的) 【答案】to【详解】考查固定短语。句意:大多数星星肉眼不可见。根据句意,“对可见”用短语be visible to 表示。故填to。39(2022全国高二课时练习)This small country is largely located_ the desert. (坐落于)【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意:这个小村落大部分坐落于沙漠中。此处意为“坐落于.”,表达为be located in,故填in。40(2022全国高二课时
24、练习)It is necessary to classify the documents_ certain types. (把分成类别) 【答案】into【详解】考查介词。句意:有必要将这些文件以特定的类别分类。此处意为“将.分类”,表达为classify.into,故填into。41(2022全国高二课时练习)A lot of information is contained_ this message. (包含在;存在于) 【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意:这条消息包含了许多信息。分析句子可知,空处需要的意思是“被包含在”,表示许多信息被包含在这条信息里。be contained in表
25、示“被包含在”。故填in。42(2022全国高二课时练习)A company should find ways to innovate_ products. (在上创新) 【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意:公司应该想办法在产品上创新。根据句意,“在方面”用介词in表示。innovate in表示“在方面创新,革新”。故填in。43(2022全国高二课时练习)They were justified_ turning down our proposal. (在方面是有道理的) 【答案】in【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:他们在拒绝我们的提议方面是有道理的。表示“在方面是有道理的”应用固定搭配be j
26、ustified in。故填in。44(2022全国高二课时练习)We calculate_ having fine weather for the sports meeting next week. (指望;期待) 【答案】on【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我们期待下周开运动会时天气晴朗。根据句意,“指望,期待”用短语calculate on表示。故填on。45(2022全国高二课时练习)Mary took it_ granted that they would approve of her idea. (认为理所当然) 【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意:Mary理所当然地认为他们会支持她
27、的想法。此处意为“认为理所当然”,表达为take it for granted that.,故填for。46(2022全国高二课时练习)The wheels started to sink_ the mud. (陷入) 【答案】into【详解】考查固定短语。句意:轮子开始陷入到淤泥中。根据句意,“陷入”用固定短语sink into 表示。故填into。47(2022全国高二课时练习)When my car broke down, I waved_ a police car. (朝挥手) 【答案】to【详解】考查介词。句意:我的车子出故障时,我向一辆警车挥手。根据句意可知,空格处填写介词to,构
28、成wave to“朝挥手”,符合语境。故填to。48(2022全国高二课时练习)She glanced_ me through her glasses. (瞥了一眼) 【答案】at【详解】考查介词。句意:她透过眼镜看了我一眼。分析句子结构,以及结合所给中文提示词,此处考查固定短语glanced at意为“瞥了一眼”。故填at。49(2022全国高二课时练习)Did you sweep _all the broken glass?(打扫干净) 【答案】up/out【详解】考查固定短语。句意:你打扫干净所有的碎玻璃吗?根据句意,“打扫干净”用短语sweep up或者sweep out表示。故填up
29、或者out。50(2022全国高二课时练习)He was about to stretch _his hand to grab me. (伸出) 【答案】out【详解】考查介词。句意:他正要伸出手来抓我。stretch out“伸出”为固定短语。故填out。51(2022全国高二课时练习)The ship sailed _the English Channel. (横渡) 【答案】across【详解】考查介词。句意:船横渡英吉利海峡。此处意为“横渡”,表达为sail across,故填across。52(2022全国高二课时练习)We are sailing_ London tomorrow.
30、 【答案】for/to【详解】考查介词。句意:我们将明天航行去伦敦。分析句子可知,此处考查固定短语sail for/to,意为“航行去”,故空处应填介词for或to。故填for或to。53(2022全国高二课时练习)The thief tried to slip _the room, but was found out. (溜进) 【答案】into【详解】考查动词短语。句意:那个贼试图溜进屋里却被发现了。动词短语slip into,表示“溜进”的意思。故填into。54(2022全国高二课时练习)The plan will be submitted _the committee for off
31、icial approval. 【答案】to【详解】考查介词。句意:该计划将提交委员会获正式批准。分析句子可知,此处考查固定短语be submitted to,意为“被提交给”,故空处应用介词to。故填to。55(2022全国高二课时练习)It is generally accepted that people are motivated_ success. (因而积极主动) 【答案】by【详解】考查介词。句意:普遍公认的是,人们是因成功而积极主动。根据句意可知,空格处填介词by,构成be motivated by“因而积极主动”,符合语境。故填by。56(2022全国高二课时练习)He fa
32、iled to reach the required standard, and was not qualified _the race.【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意:他没有达到规定的标准,没有资格参加比赛。根据句意,此处表达“有资格”,be qualified for符合题意。故填for。57(2022全国高二课时练习)He reacted _my question with much surprise. 【答案】to【详解】考查介词。句意:他对我的问题反应非常惊讶。分析句子可知,此处考查固定短语react to,意为“对做出反应”,故空处应用介词to。故填to。58(2022全国高
33、二课时练习)She was employed _making a list of all the jobs to be done. (忙于;从事) 【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意:她受雇把所有要做的工作列一个清单。根据汉语提示可知短语为be employed in,故填in。59(2022全国高二课时练习)After a while his eyes adjusted_ the dark. (适应)【答案】to【详解】考查介词。句意:过了一会儿,他的眼睛适应了黑暗。adjust意为“适应”时,用于adjust to sth/to doing sth或adjust yourself to s
34、th的结构中,意为“适应于某事/做某事”,此题为adjust to sth的结构。故填to。60(2022全国高二课时练习)The whole group determined_ an early start. (确定;决定) 【答案】on【详解】考查介词。句意:整个小组决定早点出发。determine on 决定;决心。根据句意,故填on。 二 选用适当的单词或短语补全句子(2022北京首都师范大学附属密云中学高二阶段练习)选词填空pour into; drop out; on behalf of; retire from; stay in;by turns, in ones turn, i
35、n turn, out of turn, take turns;61After working in the company for 40 years, Mr. Smith _ his beloved position last year.62Mr.Jenkins took the students out, and asked them to _ some fuel _ the rocket.63Its raining so heavily outside, lets _ and watch a film.64_ our school, the participants has been w
36、orking quite hard for the competition.65Jason Harley decided to _this kind of lifestyle and chose to live a more meaningful life.66The two sisters took care of their sick mother_.67The children called out their names_.68I, _, became embarrassed and told her to take the money back.69No one is allowed
37、 to get his ticket_.70We _driving the car on our way to Qingdao.【答案】61retired from62 pour into63stay in64On behalf of65drop out【解析】61考查动词短语。句意:史密斯先生在这家公司工作了40年,去年从他心爱的职位上退休了。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用动词短语retire from“退休”。由last year可知,应用一般过去时。故填retired from。62考查动词短语。句意:詹金斯先生把学生们带了出来,让他们给火箭倒一些燃料。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用
38、动词短语pour into“倒入”,固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”。故填pourinto。63考查动词短语。句意:外面雨下得这么大,我们待在屋里看电影吧。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用动词短语stay in“呆在家里;不外出”,固定搭配let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。故填stay in。64考查介词短语。句意:代表我们学校,参赛者们为这次比赛付出了很多努力。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用介词短语on behalf of“代表”。故填On behalf of。65考查动词短语。句意:杰森哈利决定放弃这种生活方式,选择过一种更有意义的生活。根据句
39、意及所给句子可知,此处使用动词短语drop out“退出;脱离”,固定搭配decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故填drop out。【答案】66by turns67in turn68in my turn69out of turn70took turns【解析】66考查介词短语辨析。句意:两姐妹轮流照顾她们生病的妈妈。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里需要介词短语by turns,表示“轮流”的意思,强调中间无间断轮流做一件事。故填by turns。67考查介词短语辨析。句意:孩子们依次喊出他们的名字。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里需要介词短语in turn,表示“依次,轮流”的意思。故填
40、in turn。68考查介词短语辨析。句意:轮到我的时候,我尴尬了,叫她把钱拿回去。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里需要介词短语in ones turn,表示“轮到某人”的意思。故填in my turn。69考查介词短语辨析。句意:不允许任何人不按顺序取票。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里需要介词短语out of turn,表示“不按顺序”的意思。故填out of turn。70考查谓语动词。句意:在去青岛的路上,我们俩轮流开车。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里需要动词短语take turns,表示“轮流”的意思,做句子的谓语。这句话描述的是过去的事情,所以谓语用一般过去时。故填took turns。 三
41、 加强版选词填空 1.look forward to 2.be housed in 3.prepare sb.for 4.lay eyes on 5.pick.out of. 6.make/leave an impression on sb 7.be struck by 8.as opposed to 9.be worthy of 10.have an influence on 11.consist of 12.all walks of life 13.go about sth14.lose control of 15.a wide range of 16.in danger of 17.be
42、 down to 18.in ones own right 19.speak volumes about 20.get across71I_ the beauty of the snow-covered rural landscape.72In fact, the girl is_seeing the well-known designer.73We think critically, _ just copying from reference books.74Nowadays many children are near-sighted, which_ our attention.75Alt
43、hough she only met the old man once, he_ her.76Here are some tips on how to_the writing task.77What opinion do you want to_ to the audience?78People from_ will attend the important meeting.79The chemistry teacher didnt explain to us what water_.80The answers to these questions can_ the complex psych
44、ological process.【答案】71was struck by72looking forward to73as opposed to74is worthy of75made/left an impression on76go about77get across78all walks of life79consists of80speak volumes about【解析】71考查固定短语。句意:我被白雪覆盖的乡村美景所打动。根据空后“the beauty of the snow-covered rural landscape”可知,此处指“被白雪覆盖的乡村美景所打动”,用动词短语be struck by,句子用一般过去时,主语是I,be动词用was。故填was struck by。72考查动词短语。句意:事实上,这个女孩很期待见到这位著名的设计师。结合句意可知,此处指“期待见到这位著名的设计师”,look forward to“期待”符合题意,由空前的is可知,空处动词用现在分词形式,构成现在进行时,故填looking forward to。73考查固定短语。句意:我们批判性地思考,而不只是照搬参考书。空前后是相反的意思,故此处指“而不是”,as opposed to“与截然相反,不是”