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1、2024英语寒假作业高一年级第1周 第3天【阅读提升】CHave you ever thrown a camel? Camels are large and heavy animals, so it would be hard to do so. But in the French-speaking Democratic Republic of the Congo, “to throw a camel” is a way of saying “to make a spelling mistake”. In the past, a phrase like that was not accepte
2、d by the French government as an official French term. But recently, the French Ministry of Culture worked on a new kind of dictionary that accepts the idea that many people in other countries and regions speak the language. The language has changed over time and is different in places like Ivory Co
3、ast in West Africa or Quebec in Canada, compared to how it is in Paris.The new online French dictionary includes new French words from around the world. It was released (发布) on March 18 just in time for International Francophonie Day on March 20. After its release, it is updated (更新) on a regular ba
4、sis. It now contains about 600,000 terms. The French Culture Minister says the dictionary is not just for Frances 67 million citizens, but for the 300 million French speakers worldwide.Supporters say the new dictionary is more democratic (大众化的) than earlier French dictionaries that only showed the w
5、ay highly educated French people spoke. Official dictionaries produced by the French Academy in Paris were first published hundreds of years ago and are regularly updated. The online dictionary, however, has a new part you cannot find in a book. If you live in Senegal, for example, you can search th
6、e dictionary, and it will give you the meaning of a word based on its use in that country.“The French no longer have a monopoly (独占) on French,” a French magazine that supports the dictionary wrote recently. “And that is good news”.1. What do we know about the phrase “to throw a camel”?A. It tells u
7、s camels are too large to be thrown.B. It can be found in an ancient French dictionary.C. It is a phrase still not accepted by the French government.D. It can be used when you see someone makes a spelling mistake.2. How is the online French dictionary different from other dictionaries?A. It needs up
8、dating regularly.B. It is mainly for non-French speakers.C. It takes in worldwide French usages.D. It includes few official French terms.3. What do the supporters think of the dictionary?A. It helps spread standard French.B. Itll attract more people to learn French.C. Itll benefit Frenchs developmen
9、t.D. It brings 300 million French speakers.4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A. Culture.B. Opinion.C. Technology.D. Lifestyle.【重点词汇】1. accept v. _2. government n. _3. region n. _4. compare v. _5. regular adj. _6. citizen n. _【长难句翻译】1. But recently, the French Ministry of Cultur
10、e worked on a new kind of dictionary that accepts the idea that many people in other countries and regions speak the language._2. Supporters say the new dictionary is more democratic (大众化的) than earlier French dictionaries that only showed the way highly educated French people spoke._DThe sun is set
11、ting, brightening your kids faces as they play in the waves. You reach for your phone for this perfect moment. But before you do, heres a bit of surprising science: Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.Taking too many pictures could actually harm the brains ability to kee
12、p memories, says Elizabeth Loftus, a psychology professor at the University of California, Irvine. So we get the photo but kind of lose the memory.Photography “outsources” memories. It works in two ways: We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures, or were so d
13、istracted (分散注意力的) by the process that we miss the moment altogether.The first explanation is the loss of memory. People know that their camera is recording that moment, so they dont try to remember. Similarly, if you write down someones phone number, youre less likely to remember it offhand because
14、 your brain tells you theres just no need. Thats all well and good until that piece of paper goes missing.The other is distraction. Were distracted by the process of taking a photo how we hold our phone, composing the photo, such as smiling faces, the background to our liking and clear image, all of
15、 which uses up our attention that could otherwise help us memorize.However, taking photos can benefit memory when done mindfully. While taking a photo may be distracting, the act of preparation by focusing on visual (视觉的) details around has some upsides. When people take the time to zoom in (拉近镜头) o
16、n specific things, memories become strengthened.Another benefit is that we recall moments more accurately (准确的) with the photos. Memory has been reshaped with the help of new information and new experiences. Thus, photos or videos help us recall moments as if they really happened.Memories die away w
17、ithout a visual record backing them up. Therefore, a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully, which is worth exploring further.5. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A. To introduce the topic.B. To make us think of similar experience.C. To show the interest in takin
18、g photos.D. To call on readers not to take photos.6. Why does photography “outsource” memories?A. Taking photos is helpful for us to memorize.B. Photos are more detailed than memories.C. People depend more on photos to remember than their brains.D. Many sources influence peoples memories during phot
19、o-taking.7. What may likely be discussed next?A. Situations when taking photos is better.B. When distraction is most likely to happen.C. How to stay focused while taking photos.D. How to use photo-taking to memorize better.8. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?A. Photography
20、 or Memories?B. Photography Does Help to MemoriesC. The Fewer Photos We Take, the Better We Will RememberD. Remember the Moment and Take Photos Properly【重点词汇】1. outsource v. _2. responsibility n. _3. process n. _4. loss n. _5. offhand adj. _6. benefit v. _7. recall v. _8. excellent adj. _【长难句翻译】1. S
21、imilarly, if you write down someones phone number, youre less likely to remember it offhand because your brain tells you theres just no need._2. Memories die away without a visual record backing them up. _七选五Theres a question about maths you can hear in high schools all around the world, “Why on ear
22、th are we learning something that well never use in real life?” 1 Computers can help us do the maths, and the rest of the topics will only be useful for the expert-to-be. So why do we study maths at all?The teacher might answer, “Classes arent supposed to teach you formulas (公式). 2 ” It is an answer
23、 I can totally agree with, but how does maths “teach you to think”? 3 In many ways, explaining how you get to the result is more important than the result itself. Using mathematical logic (逻辑) to solve problems provides just the right tools.Make sure you understand the problem before trying to solve
24、 it. 4 Or, you can work backwards. When the job is to prove a given supposition (推测), examining the result might help in finding the evidence.In real life, setting goals can be a powerful tool for finding a way to reach them. Write the question down, and keep making it simple until it becomes clear.
25、 5 A. Maths is supposed to teach you to think.B. If you cant solve the problem, solve a simpler one.C. A great deal of high school maths has little practical use.D. Solution lies in using mathematical tools for real-life problems.E. Maths helps broaden students view instead of sharpening mind.F. Sol
26、ving difficult problems is the way well make use of maths in real life.G. The next time you see a difficult real-life problem, use the tips above.【重点词汇】1. be supposed to _2. explain v. _3. provide v. _4. tool n. _5. evidence n. _【长难句翻译】In many ways, explaining how you get to the result is more impor
27、tant than the result itself._参考答案：C本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了法国发行的在线法语词典，该词典打破了法语词典不收录其他国家和地区的法语用法的惯例。1. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“to throw a camel is a way of saying to make a spelling mistake”可知，该词组是表达“犯了拼写错误”的一种方式。故选D。2. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In the past, a phrase like that was not accepted by the French government as an of
28、ficial French term.”和第二段中的“The new online French dictionary includes new French words from around the world.”可知，该在线法语词典的特殊之处在于它收录了世界各地的法语用法。故选C。3. C 推理判断题。根据第三段提到的支持者的看法，再结合最后一段中的“The French no longer have a monopoly on French”和“That is good news.”可知，在支持者们看来，这一词典更加大众化，法语不再是法国人的“专享物”了。由此可以推断出，它更有利于法语
29、的发展。故选C。综合全文来看，本文的重点不在于在线法语词典对法语学习者的吸引力，而在于该词典在法语用法收录方面的进步收录了世界各地的法语用法，故可排除B项。4. A 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，法国之前出版的词典中只收录法国当地的法语表达，但其新发行的在线法语词典打破了这一惯例，将世界各地的法语用法收录其中，这体现了法国语言文化上的变化。由此可知，本文可能出自报纸的文化版块。故选A。【重点词汇】1. accept v. 接受；同意；承认2. government n. 政府；内阁3. region n. 地区；区域4. compare v. 比较；对比5. regular adj. 规则的；
30、有规律的；定时的6. citizen n. 公民；居民【长难句翻译】1. But recently, the French Ministry of Culture worked on a new kind of dictionary that accepts the idea that many people in other countries and regions speak the language.但最近，法国文化部正在研究一种新的词典，该词典接受了其他国家和地区的许多人说这种语言的想法。2. Supporters say the new dictionary is more dem
31、ocratic (大众化的) than earlier French dictionaries that only showed the way highly educated French people spoke.支持者说，新词典比早期的法语词典更大众化的，早期的法语词典只显示受过高等教育的法国人的说话方式。D本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拍太多照片不利于人们铭记瞬间的美好，作者鼓励人们应有目的有计划地拍照。5. A 目的意图题。通读第一段内容可知，本段描写了海边游玩的美好画面，人们会习惯性地拿出手机拍照留念，但拍照并不是人们所以为的保存记忆的完美方式，从而引出文章的主题。故选A。6.
32、C 推理判断题。通读第三段内容可知，拍照“外包”回忆包括两种方式：一是拍照时，我们放下了铭记此刻的责任，将之寄托于相机；二是我们因拍照而分心，完全错失了这一时刻。由此可推知，拍照“外包”了回忆是因为人们太过于依赖相机而不是自己的大脑。故选C。7. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Therefore, a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully, which is worth exploring further.”可知，当人们有目的地去做一件事时，照片是一种很好的工具，它能够帮助人们记住当下，而这
33、是值得进一步探索的。由此可推知，接下来文章可能会探讨如何照相以便能更好地记忆。故选D。8. D 标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了拍太多的照片不利于人们铭记瞬间的美好，作者鼓励人们应有目的有计划地拍照。由此可推知，D项“记住当下，合理拍照”概括了文章大意，是本文的最佳标题。故选D。【重点词汇】1. outsource v. 外包2. responsibility n. 责任；负责3. process n. 过程；进程4. loss n. 丧失；损失5. offhand adj. 漫不经心的；不在乎的6. benefit v. 使受益7. recall v. 记起；回忆起8. excell
34、ent adj. 优秀的；杰出的【长难句翻译】1. Similarly, if you write down someones phone number, youre less likely to remember it offhand because your brain tells you theres just no need.同样，如果你写下某人的电话号码，你就不太可能随便记住它，因为你的大脑告诉你没有必要。2. Memories die away without a visual record backing them up. 记忆在没有视觉记录支持的情况下消退。七选五本文是一篇议论
35、文。文章探讨了一个常见的问题：学习数学的意义，并对在生活中利用数学思维解决问题提出了一些建议。1. C 考查逻辑关系。根据上文中的“Why on earth are we learning something that well never use in real life”可知，我们为什么要学习那些现实生活中不会用到的知识呢？下文提到电脑可以帮助人做数学运算。C项“高中数学中的大多数（知识）几乎没有实用性”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。2. A 考查逻辑关系。根据上文中的“Classes arent supposed to teach you formulas.”可知，课堂不是用来教你公式的；
36、根据下文中的“It is an answer”可知，这是一个答案。A项“数学是用来教你思考的”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。3. F 考查主旨句。根据第二段最后一句中的“.how does maths teach you to think?”可知，数学是怎样教会你思考的呢？空后主要介绍了我们在现实生活中运用数学的方式。F项“解决难题是我们在现实生活中利用数学的方式”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。4. B 考查逻辑关系。根据上文“Make sure you understand the problem before trying to solve it.”可知，在试图解决问题之前要确保自己理解问题；
37、根据下文“Or, you can work backwards.”可知，或者你可以反向推导。B项“如果你不能解决这个问题，那你就去解决简单的那一个（问题）”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。5. G 考查逻辑关系。根据上文“In real life, setting goals can be a powerful tool for finding a way to reach them. Write the question down, and keep making it simple until it becomes clear.”可知，在现实生活中，设定目标对于找到一条道路去实现它们来说可以是一个有力的工具。把问题写下来，并且去简化它，直到它变得清晰。G项“下次你遇到一个现实生活中的难题，（可以）使用上述的建议”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。【重点词汇】1. be supposed to 应当；应；该2. explain v. 解释3. provide v. 提供4. tool n. 工具5. evidence n. 证据【长难句翻译】In many ways, explaining how you get to the result is more important than the result itself.在许多方面，解释你如何得到结果比结果本身更重要。7