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1、Unit 2 Lets talk teens1 1 Part Three Reading Comprehension 目标层级图 掌握阅读理解应用文体裁相关内容 LV.6 综合 LV.5掌握完形技巧之词性判断动词LV.6掌握阅读理解记叙文体裁特点心理、人物、故事高一英语暑假教材2课中讲解 记叙文 记叙文是英语阅读理解中最普遍也是最重要的内容之一。提升记叙文阅读理解能力，能够很大程度上提升英语学习效率。记叙文的内容是利用时间、地点、人物、事件等因素来描述整个故事。需要通过人物、事件来提炼文章中心主旨。一般记叙文都是相当有条理的，能够清晰、有顺序地表述事件。需要快速地在文章中找到主要人物、地点、事
2、件等，揣摩文章意图。一般来说，英语阅读理解记叙文主要分为三种：人物、故事、心理。一、人物 1.文体特征：主要以人物生平或轶事为主，写作手法多采用时间、空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。从记述一两件主要事情或业绩，来反映人物的特点、思想或品质。有时作者会对人物进行评论，从而表达作者对人物的情感。从命题角度看，通常会考查关于该人物的大量细节题，部分细节需要综合、归纳、推理才能得出。【典型例题讲解 1】P1 Phillis Wheatley was born in Gambia(in Africa)on May 8,1753 and died in Boston on December 5,1784.Wh
3、en she was seven or eight,she was sold as a slave to John and Susanna Wheatley of Boston.She was named after the ship that brought her to America,The Phillis.The family surmise（猜测）the girlwho was“suffering from a change of a climate,”with“no other covering than a dirty carpet”to be“about seven years
4、 old from the circumstances of shedding（使脱落）her front teeth.”P2 Phillis was very intelligent.The Wheatley family taught her to read and write,and encourage her to write poetry.Her first poem On Messrs.Hussey and Coffin was published when she was only twelve.In 1770,An Elegiac Poem,on the Death of Th
5、at Celebrated Divine,and Eminent Servant of Jesus Christ,the Reverend and Learned George White field made her famous.It was published in Boston,Newport,and Philadelphia.P3 When she was eighteen,Phillis and Mrs.Wheatley tried to sell a collection containing twenty-eight of Philliss poems.Colonists（殖民
6、者）did not want to buy poetry written by an African.Mrs.Wheatley wrote to England to ask Countess of Huntingdon for help.The countess was a wealthy supporter of the abolition（废除）of slavery.Phillis had Poems on various subjects,religious and moral published in England in 1773.This book made Phillis fa
7、mous in England and thirteen colonies.She wrote a poem for George Washington in 1775,and he praised her work.They met in 1776.Phillis supported independence for the colonies during the Revolutionary War.After her master died,Phillis was emancipated（被解放的）.She married John Peters,a free black man,in 1
8、778.She and her husband lost two children.John was put into prison for debt in 1784.Phillis and her remaining child died in December of 1784 and were buried in an unmarked grave.P4 Phillis was the first African American and the first slave in the United States to publish a book.She was the first Afr
9、ican American woman to earn a living from her writing.Phillis poetry proved the abolitionists idea that blacks could be artistic and intellectual.Her achievements were used to support a growing antislavery movement.请对文章进行段落大意分析 Paragraph 1 关于 Phillis 的简介包括出生去世时间，以及小时候被当作奴隶的悲惨生世。Unit 2 Lets talk teen
10、s3 3 Paragraph 2 Phillis 很聪明，Wheatley 一家教她读书写字鼓励她写诗，12 岁左右就开始发表自己的作品。Paragraph 3 介绍她后来成功出版自己诗集的过程以及如何变得出名；以及她颠簸的婚后生活。Paragraph 4 总的概括 Phillis 的生平，以及她为世界对黑人改观作出的巨大贡献。【典型例题讲解 2】P1 In the spring of 1878,Vincent van Gogh turned 25.As he looked back over his short life,the Dutchman found little to celebr
11、ate among the endeavors of his faltering（彷徨的，不太成功的）career.By conventional,middle-class standards,he was a failure.After a couple of dead-end teaching jobs in England,as well as a short,forgettable spell working in a bookshop in Dordrecht,he moved to Amsterdam to become a minister of religion,followi
12、ng in his fathers footsteps.At the end of 1878,he set off for the depressed coalmining（煤矿的）district of the Borinage to the west of the city of Mons in Belgium,determined to establish himself as a preacher（牧师）to the working class.P2 There,he lived in a humble（简陋的）hut,gave away much of his money,and c
13、hanged his smart clothes into the practical work-wear of the“Borins”.Unfortunately,he was not a gifted speaker,so his meetings were sparsely（稀疏地）attended.His inability to connect with the local coalminers was compounded by a practical,linguistic difficulty:he couldnt make head or tail of their quick
14、-fire（一个接一个的）regional dialect known as“Walloon French”while they were mystified（使神秘化）by his own attempts at French,which to their ears sounded overly formal.In July 1879,only half a year after he had arrived in the region,he received another setback（挫折）:the authorities terminated（终止，结束）his trial rel
15、igious appointment.P3 Yet it was at this rock-bottom moment that van Gogh,now 26,started to draw.“I often feel homesick for the country of paintings,”he wrote to his brother Theo in the summer of 1880.He felt sympathy for the working-class miners.For the first time in his life,middle-class van Gogh
16、was friends with poor,working-class people.The people were poor and illiterate（不识字的，没受教育的）,and their work was hard and dangerous.Yet for van Gogh,there was some kind of bigger truth in their simple way of life.After he became an artist,he chose to find his subject matter there.Like artists that he a
17、dmired,such as Jean-Francois Millet,he wanted to portray the life of working-class people,and he remained interested in doing so certainly for the first half of his career.Really,it stayed important to him forever.In addition to this general concern for everyday reality and the rural poor,particular
18、 themes that van Gogh encountered in the Borinage would later feature prominently（显著地）in his art.As he once put it in a letter“It was in the Borinage that I began to work from nature for the first time.”P4 Few works from van Goghs Borinage period survived,because the artist burned most of them.As he
19、 revealed in a letter to a friend,he felt they were too clumsy or related to an uncertain time when he was still developing his own style and artistic voice.请对文章进行段落大意分析 Paragraph 1 梵高在 25 岁时回顾过去，做过很多工作，都没有很大的成就。Paragraph 2 梵高当牧师，结果因为语言最终以失败告终。Paragraph 3 在 26 岁的时候才开始画画，主题以普通贫苦大众为主。Paragraph 4 梵高的画被
20、他烧掉的原因。高一英语暑假教材42.语料积累 （1）词汇：1)Phillis was very intelligent.The Wheatley family taught her to read and write,and encourage her to write poetry.intelligent nteldnt adj._ 聪明的；智能的；悟性强的【词性转换】It is your efforts,not your intelligence that determine your success.变形:_ 词性：_ 词义：_ intelligence n.智力；理解力；情报 2)Ph
21、illis had Poems on various subjects,religious and moral published in England in 1773.various veris adj._ 各种各样的，多方面的【词性转换 1】Compared with the traditional way of collecting waste,the new method has brought with it a variety of benefits.变形:_ 词性：_ 词义：_ variety n.多样；种类；多样化【词性转换 2】Eating habits vary from
22、country to country.One mans meat can be another mans poison.变形:_ 词性：_ 词义：_ vary v.变化；改变；使多样化 3)He set off for the depressed coalmining（煤矿的）district of the Borinage to the west of the city of Mons in Belgium.depressed dprest adj._ 沮丧的；萧条的【词性转换 1】A good laugh can drive away negative feelings like depr
23、ession,nervousness,anxiety and disappointment.变形:_ 词性：_ 词义：_ depression n.沮丧；忧愁；萧条；不景气【词性转换 2】Several factors combined to depress the American economy.变形:_ 词性：_ 词义：_ depress v.压抑；使沮丧；使萧条 4)He set off for the depressed coalmining（煤矿的）district of the Borinage to the west of the city of Mons in Belgium
24、,determined to establish himself as a preacher（牧师）to the working class.determined dtmnd adj._ 决定了的；坚决的【词性转换 1】Success favors only those with courage and determination.Unit 2 Lets talk teens5 5 变形:_ 词性：_ 词义：_ determination n.决心；果断；测定【词性转换 2】What we learn today in school will determine whether we can
25、meet our challenges in the future.Now it seems that the students must determine to learn the oral English well 变形:_ 词性：_ 词义：_ determine v.下决心，作出决定；判定；决定 5)In addition to this general concern for everyday reality and the rural poor,particular themes that van Gogh encountered in the Borinage would lat
26、er feature prominently（显著地）in his art.concern knsn n._担心；关爱；关系【词性转换 1】What concerns me a lot is that my little brother always accepts sweets from strangers.变形:_ 词性：_ 词义：_ 变形：动词；词性：动词；词义：使担心【词性转换 2】Air pollution is what most Chinese people are concerned about nowadays,because their health is being th
27、reatened.The meeting for this project has been put off because the person in charge of the project is concerned with a case which is still under investigation.变形:_ 词性：_ 词义：_ concerned adj.有关的；关心的【词性转换 3】There is still a long way to go to solve all the problems concerning conservation of natural reso
28、urces.变形:_ 词性：_ 词义：_ concerning prep.关心；就而言 （2）短语 1)He moved to Amsterdam to become a minister of religion,following in his fathers footsteps.follow in ones footsteps _ 效法某人；跟紧某人的步伐【例句】Rachels dad is a doctor and his love for his chosen career inspired her to follow in his footsteps.2)She was named
29、after the ship that brought her to America,The Phillis.be named after _ 以名字命名【例句】The newly-discovered star was named after a Chinese astronomer in honor of his contributions to astronomy（天文学）.高一英语暑假教材63)At the end of 1878,he set off for the depressed coalmining（煤矿的）district of the Borinage to the we
30、st of the city of Mons in Belgium.set off _ 出发，动身；使爆炸【例句 1】He hasnt turned up so far.He just phoned me when he set off an hour ago.【例句 2】A students interrupting his speech set off the burst of his anger.3.长难句分析 1）The family surmise（猜测）the girlwho was“suffering from a change of a climate,”with“no oth
31、er covering than a dirty carpet”to be“about seven years old from the circumstances of shedding（使脱落）her front teeth.”_ _ 语言点：surmise sb.to be猜测某人是;“who was sufferingcarpet”为定语从句，修饰 the girl;句意：这家人从掉了门牙猜这个女孩受天气变化影响很痛苦而且只盖了一条脏兮兮的毯子的小女孩大概七岁。2）In addition to this general concern for everyday reality and
32、the rural poor,particular themes that Van Gogh encountered in the Borinage would later feature prominently（显著地）in his art._ _ 语言点：“that Van Gogh encountered in the Borinage”是定语从句，修饰“particular themes”;feature 表示名词“特征”，动词“以为特色；起重要作用”。句意：除了这种对于日常生活实际以及农村贫困人民的普遍的担忧，梵高在 Borinage 遇到的特殊的主题在后来他的艺术中发挥了显著的作用
33、。4.阅读理解【典型例题讲解 1】(1)The Wheatley family guessed the age of Phillis by _.A.her weigh B.her clothes C.her color D.the condition of her teeth(2)It can be inferred from the text that Countess of Huntingdon _.A.lived on writing poems B.helped Phillis get her writing published C.supported independence for
34、 the colonies D.felt surprised that Phillis could read and write(3)What can we learn from the text?A.Phillis was only 18 years old when her first poem was published.B.Phillis first attempt at selling her poetry in America was illegal.C.Phillis husband was put into prison for debt in 1778.D.Phillis f
35、inally became free after her master died.Unit 2 Lets talk teens7 7(4)The last paragraph is mainly about Phillis _.A.marriage B.achievements C.sufferings as a slave D.fight against slavery(5)People remember Phillis today because she was the first African-American and slave to _.A.publish a book in th
36、e United States B.get married to a white man C.meet George Washington D.learn to read and write 【典型例题讲解 2】(1)What happened to Vincent van Gogh in 1878?A.He learned a lot from different jobs.B.He felt dissatisfied with his career.C.He was a member of the working class.D.He became the apprentice of hi
37、s father.(2)Why did van Gogh have difficulty communicating with the local miners?A.The miners didnt appreciate his dressing style.B.Their French wasnt agreeable in each others ear.C.His French pronunciation wasnt standard.D.He had trouble in making a speech.(3)What can we infer from the passage?A.Va
38、n Gogh interacted with working-class people all through his life even though he was born middle-class.B.Van Gogh and Jean-Francois Millet both found inspiration from the rural people in the Borinage.C.Van Gogh paintings in the Borinage mirrored the life of working-class people.D.Van Gogh ruined many
39、 of his works in the Bornage because his artistic voice was unheard then.(4)What is the proper title of the passage?A.The Subject of van Goghs Works.B.Van Gogh in His Middle Twenties.C.The Way van Gogh Viewed His Art.D.The Working Class and van Goghs success.【过关检测】Passage A Joseph Goldberger was a d
40、octor for the United States Public Health Service and he was an advocate for scientific and social recognition of the links between poverty and disease.In 1914,Goldberger was asked by US Surgeon General Rupert Blue to study a skin disease that was killing thousands of people in the South.The disease
41、 was pellagra（糙皮病）.Goldberger traveled to the state of Mississippi where many people suffered from pellagra.He studied the victims and their families.Most of the people lived a hard life.The doctor came to believe that the disease didnt pass on from one to another,but was instead related to food.He
42、received permission from the state governor to test this idea at a prison.Prisoners were offered pardons if they took part.One group of prisoners received their usual foods,mostly corn products.A second group ate meat,fresh vegetables and drank milk.Members of the first group developed pellagra.The
43、second group did not.But some medical researchers refused to accept Goldbergers idea.For the South,pellagra was more than simply a medical problem.There were other things,including Southern pride.高一英语暑假教材8 So Goldberger had himself injected（注射）with blood from a person with pellagra.He also took liqu
44、id from the nose and throat of a pellagra patient and put them into his own nose and throat.He even swallowed pills that contained skin from pellagra patients.An assistant also took part in the experiments.So did Goldbergers wife.None of them got sick.Joseph Goldberger died of cancer in 1929.He was
45、fifty-five years old.Several years later,researchers discovered the exact cause of pellagra:a lack of vitamin B3 known as niacin.(1)Who were likely to get pellagra according to Goldberger?A.People in the south of America.B.People having a poor diet.C.People in prison.D.People touching pellagra patie
46、nts.(2)What did Goldberger want to prove by the experiments mentioned in Paragraph 4?A.Pellagra wasnt so terrible.B.Pellagra could be cured.C.Pellagra didnt spread.D.Pellagra wasnt a medical problem.(3)Why did some medical researchers refuse to accept Goldbergers idea?A.Goldbergers idea sounds ridic
47、ulous.B.They have done their own research.C.The result hurt their pride.D.Goldberger didnt do enough research.(4)Which words can be used to describe Goldberger?A.Selfless and friendly.B.Devoted and determined.C.Patient and expert.D.Stubborn and enthusiastic.Passage B A Writing Fool In the seventh gr
48、ade I realized I was dyslexic,which made it difficult for me to read and spell.I did really badly in my history course,so my mother said to me,“Ill work with you for a full week.Im going to show you what you can do if you put in the right amount of effort.”So we did.We worked on history for a full w
49、eek,an extra hour every day.Then I went to school and failed the test,as always.It was really upsetting.By the time I got to college I came to know that I couldnt spell no matter how hard I tried.So I would sign up for extra courses.Id be in registration lines all day.Then I would go around the firs
50、t day of class and ask each professor:“Whats your policy on misspelling?”If he said,“Three misspellings is a fail,”Id drop it.Although I was an academic failure,I had a great time.I had many friends and I was always popular.I was a good football player,which was important in those years because I co