《专题02冠词-2023年高考英语一轮复习《考点•题型 •技巧》精讲与精练资料（教师版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专题02冠词-2023年高考英语一轮复习《考点•题型 •技巧》精讲与精练资料（教师版）.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、专题02冠词考点题型 技巧考向分析冠词是历年高考的必考点，常出现在语篇型语法填空和短文改错中。但从整套试题来看，在短文改错、书面表达、阅读理解等题型中对冠词的隐性考查可谓无处不在。尤其在书面表达中，冠词的正确使用能为文章增色，而冠词的误用甚至少用是常见的低级错误，成为考生的一大失分点。故不论高考的考查形式如何变化，冠词仍应是高考复习的重点和难点。复习建议复习冠词须把握好以下三个原则：1.单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指；2.复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词；3.无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指时，其前都要加定冠词the。考点导航考点01不定冠词1.不定冠词有a和an
2、两种形式。a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前，an用在以元音音素开头的词前。2.不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前表示泛指，泛指某一人或某一物。3.表示某种身份、职业、地位、国籍。4.用在人名或时间名词前表示不确定的某个人或某个时间；用在人名前还可表示与某人有类似性质的人。5.不定冠词用在序数词前不表示排序，而表示再一，又一。6.表示单位时间内的频度，含有每的概念。7.具有动作意义的名词在与have，take，make等构成短语表示一种短暂性的动作时，前面要8.不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。如：a waste of浪费；all of a sudden突然地；as a rule通常。考点02定冠词1.
3、用在名词前表示特指。2.用在世界上独一无二的人或物、自然现象、发明物之前。3.用在序数词、比较级(两者相比较，表示特指的时候)和最高级前。4.用于集合名词、物质名词和某些专有名词前。5.定冠词the和形容词、过去分词连用，表示一类人或事物。6.用在表示计量的名词前，但若名词为抽象名词则不加冠词7.定冠词the用在表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示全家人或夫妻俩。8.用在方位名词和西洋乐器名词前。考点03零冠词1.不可数名词、复数名词表泛指，用零冠词。2.称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、补足语或同位语时，不加冠词。3.月、季、星期、节假、洲前；三餐、球类、惯用语前；学科、棋类名词前，用零冠
4、词。4.no与such连用时应放在such之前，such后的名词不用冠词。5.在turn(变成)作表语的名词前不用冠词，但become后的可数名词作表语时前要加冠词。考点04 冠词的位置 1. 不定冠词位置不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意：a. 位于下列形容词之后： such，what，many，half，b. 当名词前的形容词被副词as, so, too, how, however, enough修饰时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后c. quite，rather与单数名词连用，冠词放在其后。但当rather，quite 前仍有形容词，不定冠词放其前后均可。d. 在as，though 引导的
5、让步状语从句中，当标语为形容词修饰的名词时，不定冠词放形容词后： e.当名词被比较级形容词修饰时，不定冠词通常置于比较级形容词之后。2.定冠词位置定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前，但放在all， both，double，half，twice，three times等词之后，名词之前。学习冠词的难点一、在特殊情况下混用a和an关于a和an的一般区别，同学们可能比较清楚，也不易搞错，但是对于数字和字母前用该用不定冠词a还是an，则是许多考生可能忽略的问题。如：二、星期名词前冠词的使用问题表示星期的名词(如Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday等)一般不与冠词连用，但有时为了表示特指可
6、以带定冠词;若表示不确定的某一个，其前可用不定冠词。如：三、三餐饭前冠词的使用问题一般说来，表示一日三餐的 breakfast, lunch, supper前不用冠词。但是，若要特指某一顿早餐、中餐或晚餐，则可在其前加定冠词。另外，若 breakfast, lunch, supper 受到描绘性定语的修饰，则其前通常要用不定冠词。四、冠词的非前位用法限定语与所修饰的中心名词的关系一般顺序是：冠词+表示大小尺寸的限定词+表示颜色的限定词+表示原材料的限定词+中心名词。但在某些固定结构中，冠词放在了形容词之后。不定冠词的用法口诀泛指单数和首提，某个/每个/又一个；物质名词具体化，相同还是抽象词；三
7、餐四季有修饰，感叹句中有名单。定冠词的用法口诀：特指双知上文提，独一无二普遍专；方位顺序最高级；赛项乐器影剧院；姓氏复数一家人，形容词前可数单；群岛河山江湖海，沙漠海峡和海湾。阶级党派国全名，组织团体与机关。连续应用比较级，朝代年代按天算。【题型分析】1.Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together. 【答案】Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together. 【解析】考查冠词。Pan为可数名词，且在上文中一出现过，此处为第二次出现，特指“我”
8、之前放油加热的“平底锅”，因此 pan前要用定冠词 the。2.For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple.【答案】the a; had have;【解析】考查冠词。a bowl of 意为“一碗”，不定冠词a 在此表示泛指；had have 考查谓语动词。根据时间状语 every morning 以及与空白处并列的谓语动词 has to 和通篇时态可知，此处应用一般现在时，故将 had 改为 have。3.Suddenly football fe
9、el just in front of me but almost hit me.【答案】 Suddenly football fell just in front of me almost hit me.【解析】考查冠词。名词football为可数名词，前边需要有限定词。这里football第一次出现，故在football前加a；考查连词。句意：突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打到我。“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系，不是转折关系。故将but改为and。4.As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many t
10、imes I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me.【答案】the改为a 【解析】考查冠词。这里表示“作为一个孩子”，a用在表示泛指的单数名词前，the表示特指。故把the改为a。5.During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. 【答案】 countryside前加the 【解析】句意：去年寒假，我和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶。此处特指去的是乡下，故加定冠词the。6.Around me
11、 in picture are the things which were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.【答案】 picture前加the或this 【解析】考查限定词的用法。单数可数名词前应该有限定词，根据句意可知在picture前加the或者this。1.This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with 64 rise of science，changes began. 【答案】the【解析
12、】考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着.的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。2.Everybody wears_57_ same style of clothes.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。3.Of _69_ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are (be) stable, one is increasing, and n
13、ine lack enough data.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。4.The plum trees are 70 first to flower even as the snow is melting (融 化). 【答案】The考查冠词。【解析】根据空白处后面的序数词 first，可知此处应填定冠词 the。5.Everybody wears_57_ same style of clothes.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填
14、the。6.As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果”。句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。7.But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term resting (rest). Instead, she is earning 6500 a day as 62 model in N
15、ew York.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指 一个，故填a。检测训练、单项选择1._prize for the winner of the competition is _two-week holiday in Paris.A. The ; 不填 B. A ; 不填 C. A ; the D. The ; a【答案】D【解析】【分析】： 句意：这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个巴黎的两个星期的假期。第一空填the，是特指“获胜者的奖品”，用定冠词，第二空是泛指“一个两周的假期”，用不定冠词a。故选A。考点：考查冠词。2. more learned a m
16、an is, more modest be usually become.A. The ; the B. A; a C. The ; a D. A; the 【答案】A【解析】句意：一个人越有学识，他就越可能谦虚，使用the比较级主谓的句型，所以选A。3. Janes grandmother had wanted to write childrens book for many years, but one thing or another always got in way.A. a;不填 B. the;the C. 不填;the D. a;the【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：多年来，简
17、的奶奶想写一本有关于儿童的书，但总是被这样或那样的原因阻碍了。第一个空使用不定冠词表泛指，第二个in the way 是固定搭配，意为挡道或阻碍。定冠词用于特指或者是固定搭配，不定冠词用于泛指。选D。4. They chose Tom to be _ captain of the team, because they knew he was _ smart leader.A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 【答案】C【解析】他们选择汤姆作为这个队的队长，因为他们知道他是一位聪明的领导。第一空特指“这个队的队长”，故用the；第二空泛指“一位聪明的领导
18、”。5. Life is like _ ocean: only _ strongwilled can reach the other shore.A. an; the B. the; a C. the ；/ D. / ; a【答案】A【解析】根据第二个空前的关键词only(只有)，可知第二个空表示特指，需用定冠词the，由此可选择A。第一个空用an表示泛指，可知生活就像一个海洋似的。句意： 生活像一片海洋，只有那些意志坚强的人才能到达彼岸。6. The paper is due next month，and I am working seven days _ week，often long i
19、nto _ night.Aa; the Bthe; 不填 Ca; a D不填; the【答案】A【解析】下个月要交论文了，我现在一个星期七天，每天都要学习到深夜。第一空a week中的a表示“每个，每”，所以用不定冠词a，相当于per；而第二空into the night是固定用法，表示“入夜，深夜”，所以用定冠词the。故选A项。7. It was _ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across _ night sky. A. 不填；a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; 不填【答案】B【句意】那是
20、一个寒冷的冬天的夜晚，月光穿过夜空明亮的照耀着。本题中一个寒冷的冬夜，应该是泛指某一个冬夜的情景，第二个空则是特指那个寒冷冬夜的夜空。从语境可知第1空意为“一个寒冷的夜晚”，表泛指，要用a；第2空的名词across the night sky 意思为“划过夜空”。8. Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.A. a; a B. the; the C.不填；the D. a;不填【答案】A【解析】四个半小时的讨论使我们
21、一直熬到半夜，然后是一次休息，吃点乳酪、巧克力，喝加糖的茶。四个半个小时的表达方法常见的有两个：（1）four hours and a half (2) four and a half hours。两种方法都要用到不定冠词a，排除选项B，C；bread 做名词，当“休息”讲的时候，通常都要用到不定冠词a，排除选项C.9. India attained independence in 1947, after long struggle.A.不填;aB. the; a C. an;不填 D. an; the【答案】 A【解析】在长期的斗争之后，印度在1947年获得独立。解题的关键在于indepen
22、dence前面有没有冠词。柯林斯高级英语学习词典对independence的解释是：If a country has or gains independence, it has its own government and is not ruled by any other country.由此锁定正确答案是A，因为independence是不可数名词，而不可和不定冠词an连用，这样答案锁定了A和B。gain independence（获得独立）或declare independence(宣布独立)是固定短语，不和冠词连用，故第一个空不填任何冠词，正确答案是A。10.It is general
23、ly accepted that boy must learn to stand up and fight like man.A.a; a B.a; the C.the; the D.a; 不填【答案】A【解析】句意为“人们普遍认为,男孩子必须学会做一个男子汉，能挺身而出，勇于战斗。”a boy和 a man都是泛指，表示一类人。单数可数名词泛指应在名词前加不定冠词a。因此选A。11.If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have _ better view.A. 不填； the B. 不填；a C. the; a D. the；the【答案】C【解析
24、】句意应为 “如果我们坐在公共汽车的前部, 就会有更好的视野”表示 “某空间内部的前部”时, front前要加定冠词the; have a good view是习惯搭配, 表示 “视野开阔, 视野良好”之意；所以C项符合语境。12First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression.A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a【答案】A【解析】很多同学错在第二个空to make a first imp
25、ression上了。在做题的时候不够细心, 因为此题的句意是：第一印象是最持久的。总之, 你永远不可能有第二个机会去再给别人留一次第一印象。本题强调的重点是第二个机会a second chance;第二次留一个第一印象, make a first impression. first为干扰因素。若句意改变为：你没有机会去改变你的第一印象You never get a second chance to change the first impression。此处再填the就合情合理了。、语法填空13.Due to _ growing popularity of environmentally-re
26、lated and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure t
27、ravel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。14.The plum trees are _ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。15.Then, with _ rise of science, changes began.【答案】t
28、he【解析】the，考查冠词。rise是单数可数名词，这里特指科技的崛起，所以需要用定冠词the，因此此处填the。16.A child born in the US today has _ very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.【答案】a【解析】a have a(n) chance of 意为“有的可能性”。17.Of _ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable
29、, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【答案】the 【解析】此处特指19种被辨认出的北极熊亚种群，因此用定冠词the。18.Like many things in life, its _ ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that theres enough room for improvement, which means youll just keep getting better and better.【答案】an【解析】考查冠词。句意：和生活中许多事情一样，
30、积累词汇也是一个不断发展的过程。由语境可知填“一个”，欧宁以元音音素开头， “一个”用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。19.It went on to say that almost half of all museums reported _ annual increase in visitor numbers.【答案】an【解析】考查冠词。句意：它接着说，几乎一半的博物馆报告说游客数量每年都在增加。此处泛指“每年增加”，annual以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an表泛指。故填an。20.Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31who works alongside her
31、 in the family business said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for _ award.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：31岁的孙女盖尔帕克斯与艾琳一起在家族生意工作。她说，谁提名艾琳获得这一奖项，目前还不得而知。根据句意可知，句中“award”意为“奖，奖赏”，名词词性，特指上文提到的“年度女性”这个奖，应用定冠词the修饰，表特指。故填the。21.Whenever there is a sandstorm, it forms _ upward air flow between the surrou
32、nding sand mountains.【答案an】【解析】考查冠词。句意：只要有沙尘暴，就会在周围的沙山之间形成向上的气流。设空后upward air flow为名词短语，可数，此处表示“一股向上的气流”，故此处要填冠词，upward的首个音素为元音音素，所以用冠词an。故填an。22.Now as _Chinese international, Wu is working hard to show that “there are players in China that can shine in the best leagues in the world”, he told Globa
33、l Times.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意：现在，作为一名中国球员，吴正在努力证明“中国有球员可以在世界上最好的联赛中发光，”他在接受环球时报采访时表示。此处泛指“一名中国国际球员”，应用不定冠词，Chinese是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。23. It is also important to note that the greatest amazement (amaze) of the journey is Change 5s lunar landing site-referred to as the Ocean of Storms-on the near side of t
34、he moon, where no probes (探测器) have paid _ visit before.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意：还需要注意的是，旅程的最大惊奇之处在于嫦娥五号的登月地点-被称为月球附近的风暴海洋-在月球附近，这里没有探测器进行探访过。根据句子中，pay a visit固定搭配“参观，拜访”。故填a。24.Chinas writing system forms _ strong bridge linking the Chinese people and culture of the present with those of the past.【答案】a【解析】
35、考查冠词。句意：中国的文字系统构成了一座坚固的桥梁，把现在的中国人和过去的文化联系在一起。名词bridge为可数名词，所以要用冠词修饰。根据句意可知，此处表示“一座坚固的桥梁”是泛指，所以用不定冠词，且strong是辅音音素开头。故填a。24. Gans company has been_ great success and Gan has received lots of awards for her achievement【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意：甘的公司取得了巨大的成功，她也因此获得了很多奖项。success此处为抽象名词具体化，表示“成功的事物”为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠
36、词，且great是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。25.Many of us are turning to activities like skipping with _ old rope, or watching one of the many times experts who produce exercise videos online.【答案】an【解析】考查冠词。句意：我们中的许多人正转向诸如用旧绳子跳绳之类的活动，或者观看许多在线制作锻炼视频的“时代专家”之一。此处是指“一根旧跳绳”，是泛指，所以应用不定冠词。old的开头发音为元音。故填an。26.Tea spread
37、into northern China during the Tang Dynasty; by the Song Dynasty it had acquired a loose-leaf production as well as the ceremonies that made its consumption _ art form.【答案】an【解析】考查冠词。句意：茶叶在唐代传入中国北方；到了宋朝，它已经获得了散装生产和使喝茶成为了一种艺术形式的仪式。form为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且art是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。27.They found that t
38、he benefits of jogging are maximized when done at _ average or even slow pace, and just one or two hours of jogging a week can be enough for you to gain success, regardless of your age or health condition.【答案】an【解析】考查冠词。句意：他们发现，无论你的年龄或健康状况，只要一周一个或两个小时，且最大限度地在平均甚至缓慢的速度完成慢跑，就足以让你获得成功。此处单数可数名词average是泛
39、指概念，要用不定冠词限定。因average以元音音素开头，故填an。28.Nobu Okada, CEO of Astroscale, _ company working on ways to clean up space junk, says “even a small paint fleck has enough power to blow up other satellites.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意：致力于清理太空垃圾的公司Astroscale的首席执行官Okada说：“即使很小的油漆斑点也有足够的力量炸毁其他卫星。”此处泛指“一家公司”，应用不定冠词，company是以辅音
40、音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。、完形填空There once was a king who offered _1_ prize to _2_artist who would paint _3_ best picture of peace. Many artists tried. The king looked at all _4_ pictures. But there were only two he really liked，and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a pe
41、rfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought that it was _5_ perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains，too. But these were rugged (崎岖的) and bare. Above was _6_angry sky, from which rain fell
42、and in which lightning played. Down _7_side of the mountain tumbled (翻腾) a foaming (水泡) waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all.But when the king looked closely, he saw behind _8_ waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack (裂缝) in the rock. In the bush _9_ mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water，sat the mother bird on her nestin perfect peace.The king chose _10_second picture.【答案】1.a2.the3.the4.the5.a6.an7.the8.the9.a10.the