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1、高考英语语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解虚拟语气 (subjunctive mood) 在英语中用于表达假设、愿望、可能性或非现实的情况。它可以用来表示与事实相反的情况、可能性较低的情形或希望和愿望。一、主要用法1.表达假设或与事实相反的情况- 当谈论与现在事实相反的情况时，通常用过去时的虚拟语气。- 用法：主语 + 过去式动词- 示例：- If I were you, I would take the job.- 如果我是你，我就会接受这份工作。2.表达对未来的假设- 在谈论可能性较低的未来事件时，可以使用 would 或 could 加动词。- 用法：主语 + would/could + 动词原形
2、- 示例：- If it rained tomorrow, I would stay indoors.- 如果明天下雨，我会待在室内。3.表达过去的假设- 当谈论与过去事实相反的情况时，通常用过去完成时的虚拟语气。- 用法：主语 + had + 过去分词- 示例：- If I had known about the meeting, I would have attended.- 如果我知道有会议，我就会出席。4.表达愿望和愿景- 在表达愿望或愿景时，可以使用 wish 或 hope + 动词。- 用法：主语 + wish + 过去式动词 / 主语 + hope + 动词原形- 示例：- I
3、wish I could visit Paris.- 我希望我能去巴黎。- I hope you have a great day.- 我希望你今天过得愉快。5.建议或命令- 在表达建议、命令或要求时，通常用原形动词而不是过去时。- 用法：主语 + suggest/ask/require + 动词原形- 示例：- I suggest that he go to the doctor.- 我建议他去看医生。二、表达类型（一）表达假设或与事实相反的情况1.If I were you, I would move to New York.如果我是你，我会搬到纽约。2.If he were taller
4、, he could play basketball.如果他更高，他可以打篮球。3.If she were here, she would love this place.如果她在这里，她会喜欢这个地方。4.If we were rich, we would travel the world.如果我们很富有，我们会环游世界。5.If I were the president, I would change the law.如果我是总统，我会改变法律。6.If it were warmer, we could go swimming.如果天气更暖和，我们可以去游泳。7.If they were
5、friends, they would understand each other.如果他们是朋友，他们会理解对方。8.If the weather were better, we could have a picnic.如果天气更好，我们可以野餐。9.If I were you, I would study harder.如果我是你，我会更加努力学习。10.If he were smarter, he would solve the problem.如果他更聪明，他就会解决这个问题。（二）表达对未来的假设1.If I won the lottery, I would buy a new ca
6、r.如果我中彩票，我会买一辆新车。2.If it rained tomorrow, I would stay home.如果明天下雨，我会呆在家里。3.If he passed the exam, he could go to college.如果他通过考试，他可以上大学。4.If they came to the party, it would be more fun.如果他们来参加聚会，聚会会更有趣。5.If she got the job, she would move to the city.如果她得到这份工作，她会搬到城市。6.If we left now, we could cat
7、ch the train.如果我们现在离开，我们可以赶上火车。7.If they invited us, we would visit them.如果他们邀请我们，我们会拜访他们。8.If it were sunny tomorrow, we could go to the beach.如果明天晴天，我们可以去海滩。9.If he got a raise, he would buy a house.如果他加薪，他会买房子。10.If they built a new road, traffic would be better.如果他们修了一条新路，交通会更好。（三）表达过去的假设1.If I
8、had studied more, I would have passed the test.如果我多学习一点，我就会通过考试。2.If he had come earlier, he would have met her.如果他来得早一些，他就会见到她。3.If they had won the game, they would be champions.如果他们赢了比赛，他们就会成为冠军。4.If she had told the truth, she wouldnt be in trouble.如果她说了实话，她就不会有麻烦。5.If it had snowed, we would ha
9、ve made a snowman.如果下雪了，我们就会堆雪人。6.If I had known about the meeting, I would have attended.如果我知道有会议，我就会出席。7.If they had left earlier, they wouldnt have missed the train.如果他们早点离开，他们就不会错过火车。8.If he had been more careful, he wouldnt have had the accident.如果他更小心，他就不会发生事故。9.If she had studied harder, she
10、would have passed the exam.如果她更加努力学习，她就会通过考试。10.If we had booked in advance, we would have gotten a better table.如果我们提前预订，我们会得到一个更好的桌位。（四）表达愿望和愿景1.I wish I could travel around the world.我希望我能环游世界。2.I hope he gets the job.我希望他得到这份工作。3.I wish she were here to see this.我希望她在这里看到这个。4.I hope we can meet
11、again soon.我希望我们很快能再见面。5.I wish I were taller.我希望我更高。6.I wish he could play guitar.我希望他能弹吉他。7.I hope it doesnt rain tomorrow.我希望明天不会下雨。8.I wish she would call me back.我希望她会给我回电话。9.I hope they have a safe journey.我希望他们旅途安全。10.I wish it were summer all year round.我希望全年都是夏天。（五）表达建议或命令1.I suggest that h
12、e take a break.我建议他休息一下。2.I recommend that she read this book.我建议她读这本书。3.I ask that you be on time.我要求你准时。4.I recommend that they visit the museum.我建议他们去参观博物馆。5.I suggest that he go to the doctor.我建议他去看医生。6.I recommend that we all take a deep breath.我建议我们都深呼吸。7.I suggest that she attend the meeting.我建议她参加会议。8.I recommend that he try a different approach.我建议他尝试不同的方法。9.I suggest that we meet at 7 p.m.我建议我们晚上7点见面。10.I suggest that you see the movie tonight.我建议你今晚看这部电影。4