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1、 试卷类型：A2024年深圳市高三年级第二次调研考试 英 语 2024.4试卷共10页，卷面满分120分，折算成130分计入总分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第二部分
2、 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhat is a GPA?A GPA, or Grade Point Average, typically ranging from one to four, is a number reflecting your course performance on average. Its used by universities to determine whether students meet academic standards and by
3、students to enhance job prospects or secure admission into post-graduate programs. How to calculate a GPA? Determine the letter grade and the number of credit hours for each course you take in a term; Translate the letter grade to grade points using your schools grading system; Multiply the grade po
4、ints by the credit hours for that course; Add up all the credit hours for the courses; Divide the total number of grade points by the total credit hours and you get the GPA. Example: Academic Transcript of Jane Smith Winter 2023CoursesLetter GradeGrade pointsCredit hoursTotal pointsGPACreative Writi
5、ngA+4.0312-PsychologyA-3.7311.1- HistoryB+3.339.9-Computer ScienceF0.020-Total-1133What are the consequences of failing college courses? Every failing grade (F) significantly impacts your GPA for that academic year, limiting clubs, organizations and program choices, as competitive programs require t
6、op GPAs. Most financial aid programs require a specific GPA. A sharp drop in GPA due to several course failures may lead to withdrawal from financial aid programs, unless you retake the courses and pass. For college athletes on sports scholarships, failing courses repeatedly can lead to losing schol
7、arships and team spots. Failing multiple courses can result in school removal and affect future applications.21. Where is this text probably taken from? A. An academic course guide.B. A campus job fair poster. C. A graduate application form. D. An athletic team schedule. 22. What is Jane Smiths GPA
8、this term? A. 3.3. B. 3.0. C. 2.8.D. 1.0.23. What would be a result if you get one F in college? A. School removal. B. Loss of financial aid. C. Choice limitation. D. Disqualification in sports.B“The mountains are calling and I must go” the famous quote is from John Muir (1838-1914), who is describe
9、d as “the wilderness poet” and “the citizen of the universe.” He once jokingly referred to himself as a “poet-geologist-botanist and ornithologist (鸟类学家) -naturalist etc. etc.!” He is known as the Father of American National Parks. Famed documentary filmmaker Ken Burns recently said, “As we got to k
10、now him he was among the highest individuals in America; Im talking about the level of Abraham Lincoln, Martin Luther King Jr., and Thomas Jefferson people who have had a transformational effect on who we are.”So where is the quote from? Well, John Muir was a productive writer. Whether he was writin
11、g poetry or simply letters to his family, John Muir was always putting pen to paper. The quote is from within one of his many letters written to his sister: September 3rd, 1873Yosemite ValleyDear sister Sarah, I have just returned from the longest and hardest trip I have ever made in the mountains,
12、having been gone over five weeks. I am weary, but resting fast; sleepy, but sleeping deep and fast; hungry, but eating much. For two weeks I explored the glaciers of the summits east of here, sleeping among the snowy mountains without blankets and with little to eat on account of its being so inacce
13、ssible. After my icy experiences it seems strange to be down here in so warm and flowery a climate.I will soon be off again, determined to use all the season in carrying through my work will go next to Kings River a hundred miles south, then to Lake Tahoe and surrounding mountains, and in winter wor
14、k in Oakland with my pen.Though slow, some day I will have the results of my mountain studies in a form in which you all will be able to read and judge of them. The mountains are calling and I must go, and I will work on while I can, studying incessantly (永不停息地).I will write again when I return from
15、 Kings River Canyon.Farewell, with love everlasting. Yours,John 24. What can we learn from John Muirs self-description in paragraph 1? A. He longed to expand his own career. B. He valued his identity as a poet most. C. He wanted to find his real advantage. D. He enjoyed his involvement in nature.25.
16、 What did Ken Burns mainly talk about? A. Muirs political influence. B. A documentary film on Muir. C. Muirs historic significance. D. The social circle around Muir.26. How did Muir feel when writing the first paragraph of his letter?A.Relieved but regretful.B. Exhausted but content. C. Excited but
17、lonely.D. Defeated but hopeful.27. Why must John Muir go into mountains again? A. To go on with his mountain studies. B. To seek freedom from social connection. C. To attend an appointment in Oakland. D. To experience the hardship of wilderness.CFor decades, scientists thought of the brain as the mo
18、st valuable and consequently most closely guarded part of the body. Locked safely behind the blood-brain barrier, it was broadly free of the harm of viruses and the battles started by the immune system (免疫系统). Then, about 20 years ago, some researchers began to wonder: is the brain really so separat
19、ed from the body? The answer, according to a growing body of evidence, is no.The list of brain conditions that have been associated with changes elsewhere in the body is long and growing. Changes in the make-up of the microorganisms (微生物) in the digestive system have been linked to disorders such as
20、 Parkinsons disease. There is also a theory that infection during pregnancy (孕期)could lead to brain diseases in babies.The effect is two-way. There is a lengthening list of symptoms not typically viewed as disorders of the nervous system, but the brain plays a large part in them. For example, the de
21、velopment of a fever is influenced by a population of nerve cells that control body temperature and appetite. Evidence is mounting that cancers use nerves to grow and spread.The interconnection between brain and body has promising implications for our ability to both understand and treat illnesses.
22、If some brain disorders start outside the brain, then perhaps treatments for them could also reach in from outside. Treatments that take effect through the digestive system, the heart or other organs, would be much easier and less risky than those that must cross the blood-brain barrier. It also wor
23、ks in the opposite direction. Study shows mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulation to a brain area involved in positive emotion and motivation. Activation of the brain reward centre called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) seems to cause immune changes that contribute to it. Working out
24、 how this happens could help to destroy cancers, enhance responses to vaccines (疫苗) and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, for centuries, have not been considered as being psychologically driven.28. What do the researchers focus on about the brain? A. Its protecting system. B. Its exposure to
25、diseases. C. Its controlling function.D. Its connection to the body.29. How does the author support his idea in paragraph 2? A. By explaining a theory. B. By providing examples. C. By making comparisons. D. By presenting cause and effect.30. Which best describes treatments that do not cross the bloo
26、d-brain barrier? A. Cheaper.B. More specific. C. Safer.D. More direct.31. What does the study suggest in the last paragraph? A. Brain health depends on immune changes. B. Brain stimulation leads to negative emotions. C. The brain can help enhance psychological health. D. The brain may be key to trea
27、ting physical diseases.DAriel Procaccia has thought a lot about how to cut a cake over the last 15 years. As the father of three children, he knows how hard it is to divide a birthday cake to everyones satisfaction. But its also because Procaccias work focuses on exploring the mathematical rules for
28、 dividing stuff up fairly. One way to do that is to think abstractly about dessert. For decades, researchers have been asking the seemingly simple question of how to cut a cake fairly. The answer reaches far beyond birthday parties. A mathematical problem at its heart, cake cutting connects strict r
29、easoning to real-world issues of fairness, and so attracts not only mathematicians, but also social scientists, economists and more. “Its a very elegant model in which you can distill what fairness really is, and reason about it,” Procaccia says.The simplest approach is called the “divider-chooser”
30、method, where one person cuts the cake into two equal pieces in his view, and the other person picks first. Each receives a piece that they feel is as valuable as the others. But when personal preferences are taken into account, even the easiest rule becomes complicated. Suppose Alice and Bob are to
31、 divide a cake, and Alice knows Bob prefers chocolate, she may knowingly divide the cake unequally so the smaller piece contains more chocolate. Then Bob will choose according to his preference, and Alice will get the larger piece. Both of them are satisfied with what they get, but the meaning of fa
32、irness changes in this situation. The cake is a symbol for any divisible good. When cake-cutting principles are employed to settling disagreements, they are potentially helping the world find solutions. Procaccia has used fair division algorithms (算法) to model food distribution. Social scientist Har
33、is Aziz is exploring situations ranging from how to divide up daily tasks to how to best schedule doctors shifts in hospitals. Even after decades of investigation, cake cutting isnt like a simple jigsaw puzzle (拼图) with a well-defined solution. Instead, over time, it has evolved into a kind of mathe
34、matical sandbox, a constructive playground that brings together abstract proofs and easy applications. The more researchers explore it, the more there is to explore. 32. What does the underlined word “distill” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Get the essence of. B. Find the opposite of. C. Keep the focus on.
35、D. Reduce the impact on.33. What can we learn about fairness from the example given in paragraph 3? A. Its standard is stable. B. It prevents unequal division. C. Its concept is complex. D. It dominates personal preferences.34. What is paragraph 4 mainly about concerning cake cutting? A. The applica
36、tion of its rules. B. The details of its process. C. The problems it produces.D. The harmony it symbolizes.35. What is the best title for the text?A. Who benefits most from fairness?B. How has fairness changed over time?C. What method works best in cake-cutting?D. Why are researchers so interested i
37、n cake-cutting?第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。As a high school student, youre likely used to learning through reading textbooks. 36 This lies at the heart of “experiential appreciation,” a philosophy that encourages you to engage directly with the world around you
38、. Its about learning from real-life experiences, and discovering a more profound and engaging way to learn.To practice experiential appreciation, you can start by getting involved in hands-on activities related to your subjects. They will provide a firsthand understanding of the concepts youre study
39、ing, making learning active and meaningful. So, try joining a sports team, picking up a paintbrush, or taking part in a local charity event. 37 As you dive deeper, immerse (沉浸) yourself fully in the surroundings and activities. When youre in nature, dont just look around. 38 Touching the leaves, fee
40、ling the wind and listening to the birds can enrich your learning and make each moment more memorable. 39 After trying something new, ask yourself what you learned and how it made you feel. Write in a journal or discuss it with friends. This self-discovery turns experiences into life lessons and off
41、ers a deeper understanding of the world.Experiential appreciation transforms learning from a task to be completed into a journey to be treasured. 40 So, explore the world around you, let every experience shape you, and discover the endless possibilities that await. This is the core of true learning,
42、 where every moment is a step towards a richer, more enlightened life.A. These activities bring learning to life.B. It extends learning far beyond textbooks. C. Take your experiences further by reflecting on them. D. Mind the impact of your actions on the environment. E. Instead, activate your sense
43、s for a stronger tie with it. F. Textbooks offer a systematic introduction to essential concepts and principles.G. Now consider expanding your learning from just reading to actively participating.第三部分语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When I was 24, I moved
44、 to America, 11,000 kilometers away from my homeland. This was 41 , especially fitting into an unfamiliar environment. Working from home increased my 42 , as I was cut off from social interactions. However, serving as a volunteer at a local animal shelter 43 everything.Upon arriving at the shelter,
45、I was 44 to a small, grey and white cat named Luna immediately. Found abandoned and terrified of humans, Luna 45 in the corner, shaking. Her lonely green eyes seemed to 46 my own sense of displacement in this foreign land. My task was to slowly gain Lunas 47 and help her adjust, which felt similar t
46、o my efforts to 48 this new place.As days turned into weeks, Luna and I developed a 49 . The process of feeding her, speaking softly, and the 50 required to look after her made this little creature gradually open her heart to me. Her 51 encouraged me to step outside, make new friends, and become par
47、t of the community.My time at the shelter provided a valuable 52 into settling down in a new country. It is an inspiring experience of 53 gaps of language and culture and a journey of personal growth. From it, I realized the value of time, love, and a(n) 54 heart in forming meaningful relationships. This journey aided me in finding a sense of 55 in an unfamiliar land.41. A. toughB. dangerousC. excitingD. rewarding