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1、广东省2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟测试(二)英语本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己所在的市(县、区)、学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号和考生号填写在答题卡上，将条形码横贴在每张答题卡右 上角“条形码粘贴处”。2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目 选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答 案。答案不能答在试卷上。3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各 题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先画掉原来的答案，然后再写 上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不
2、按以上要求作答无效。4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVolunteer Art &Architecture Tour Guidefor Boston Public Library,Copley SquareThe goal is to generate public interest in the history,art,and architecture of Boston Public Libr
3、ary,including its special collections and exhibitions at the Central Library in Copley Square.ROLE AND EXPECTATIONSTo conduct public and private group tours of the Central Librarys art,architecture, and exhibitions,answering questions from groups and recording attendance statistics after tours concl
4、ude.To continue to inform oneself of the art,architecture,history,holdings,and exhibitions of Boston Public Library.QUALIFICATIONS Interest in history,art,and architecture in general,and of Boston Public Library in particular. Confidence in addressing and presenting information to large groups;prior
5、 guiding or public speaking experience desirable.A strong command of the English language is required,and fluency in other languages is highly preferred.TRAININGAccepted candidates will be asked to attend tour guide training meetings.New guides are expected to complete training around four months.Pr
6、ogress evaluations will be ongoing throughout the training period,and continue through the first six months of working as a full guide.REQUIREMENTSMinimum commitment of two tours per month(or 24 tours per year).Commitment to attending tour guide meetings and enrichment programs for continuing educat
7、ion.REVIEWRegular assessments and evaluations will be conducted based on the above criteria to ensure that volunteers meet the necessary qualifications.Interested candidates should complete the application form below and send it to toursbpl.org.21.What does a volunteer tour guide need to do after to
8、urs?A.Ensure safety of the artworks. B.Maintain cleanness of the hall.C.Document the numbers of visitors. D.Answer questions about qualifications.22.How long will the progress evaluations last?A.4 months. B.6 months. C.10 months. D.12 months.23.Which will result in a poor review of the position?A.In
9、sufficient (不足的)working hours.B.Absence of a second language.C.Little relevant volunteer experience. D.Limited knowledge about exhibitions.BAs a mushroom scientist,you are vastly outnumbered,with estimates suggesting that there are between 2.2 million and 3.8 million species of fungi ( 真 菌 ) ,the ma
10、jority of which are yet to be identified.However,professionals in the field are not alone in their efforts to uncover new species.An enthusiastic community of amateurs has emerged, bridging the gap between professionals and non-professionals.These amateurs have even made significant discoveries.One
11、such amateur is Taylor Lockwood,a 74-year-old mushroom enthusiast and professional photographer.In 1984,while living on the Mendocino coast of California,Taylor Lockwood developed a fascination with mushrooms.“Outside my cottage were these amazing mushrooms,”he says. “And it was as if these mushroom
12、s looked at me and said,Taylor,go out and tell the world how pretty we are.”Lockwood answered their call and purchased camera equipment to capture their true nature.His passion for photographing mushrooms was so intense that he would even dig holes next to the mushrooms to get the perfect angle for
13、his shots.In the Monongahela National Forest,Taylor Lockwood discovered an unusual mushroom that looked like tiny fingers wearing off-white gloves.Upon further investigation,fungi researcher Amy Rossman confirmed that it was a“hazel glove” mushroom,which is a rare find.“Mushrooms are not like plants
14、,”Rossman says.“They dont come up at the same time every year,and so sometimes it can be decades between when a fungus fruits.”Rossman says thats why its so valuable to have people like Taylor Lockwood searching through the forest with a trained eye.A few years ago,Taylor Lockwood realized that stil
15、l photos werent sufficient,so he chose to create time-lapse(延时拍摄的)videos of mushrooms.“When I do time-lapse, I see so much life happening around the mushrooms insects,worms and other small creatures interacting with them,”he says.Lockwoods love for art is evident in his approach to filming mushrooms
16、 over time.Although he appreciates the scientific aspect of his work,he identifies himself as an artist at heart.24.What can we learn about mushroom amateurs from paragraph 1?A.They keep close track of the growth of fungi.B.They help identify new species of mushroom.C.They replace professional scien
17、tists in the field.D.They classify the majority of mushroom species.25.What inspired Lockwood to photograph mushrooms?A.His desire for knowledge. B.His curiosity about nature.C.The beauty of nearby mushrooms. D.The appeal of outdoor photography.26.Which of the following best describes Lockwood accor
18、ding to paragraph 3?A.Skilled and observant. B.Focused and flexible.C.Talented and optimistic. D.Organized and responsible.27.Why did Lockwood decide to make time-lapse videos of mushrooms?A.To improve his photography techniques.B.To capture dynamic life in an artistic way.C.To collect biological da
19、ta for further research.D.To adopt a new approach to scientific studies.CWhen we encounter a troublesome problem,we often gather a group to brainstorm. However,substantial evidence has shown that when we generate ideas together,we fail to maximize collective intelligence.To unearth the hidden potent
20、ial in teams,were better off shifting to a process called “brainwriting”.You start by asking group members to write down what is going on in their brains separately.Next,you pool them and share them among the group without telling the authors.Then,each member evaluates them on his or her own,only af
21、ter which do the team members come together to select and improve the most promising options.By developing and assessing ideas individually before choosing and expanding on them,the team can surface and advance possibilities that might not get attention otherwise.An example of great brainwriting was
22、 in 2010 when 33 miners were trapped underground in Chile.Given the urgency of the situation,the rescue team didnt hold brainstorming sessions.Rather,they established a global brainwriting system to generate individual ideas.A 24-year-old engineer came up with a tiny plastic telephone.This specializ
23、ed tool ended up becoming the only means of communicating with the miners,making it possible to save them.Research by organizational behavior scholar Anita Woolley and her colleagues helps to explain why this method works.They find that the key to collective intelligence is balanced participation.In
24、 brainstorming meetings,its too easy for participation to become one-sided in favor of the loudest voices.The brainwriting process ensures that all ideas are brought to the table and all voices are brought into conversation.The goal isnt to be the smartest person in the room.Its to make the room sma
25、rter.Collective intelligence begins with individual creativity,but it doesnt end there. Individuals produce a greater volume and variety of novel ideas when they work alone. That means they not only come up with more brilliant ideas than groups but also more terrible ideas.Therefore,it takes collect
26、ive judgment to find the signal in the noise and bring out the best ideas.28.What is special about brainwriting compared with brainstorming?A.It highlights independent work.B.It encourages group cooperation.C.It prioritizes quality over quantity.D.It prefers writing to oral exchanges.29.Why does the
27、 author mention the Chile mining accident in paragraph 3? A.To introduce a tool developed during brainwriting.B.To praise a young man with brainwriting technique.C.To illustrate a successful application of brainwriting.D.To explain the role of brainwriting in communication.30.How does brainwriting p
28、romote collective intelligence according to paragraph 4?A.By blocking the loudest voices. B.By allowing equal involvement.C.By improving individual wisdom. D.By generating more creative ideas.31.Which step of brainwriting does the author stress in the last paragraph?A.Individual writing. B.Group sha
29、ring.C.Personal evaluation. D.Joint discussion.DAs most Americans spend at least 50%of their food budget dining out,public criticism falls on restaurants to help consumers make healthier food choices.The Menu Labeling Final Rule has come into effect,requiring restaurants with more than 20 locations
30、to show the calories of food on menus.By representing these values in a discrepant wayusing physically larger numbers on the page for lower-calorie options,and smaller numbers for high-calorie foods businesses can shift customers preferences toward healthier food,according to Ruiying Cai from the Wa
31、shington State University.In their study,Cai and her colleagues asked participants to choose between a less healthy item and a healthier option after randomly assigning them to two groups.In the first group,calorie counts and font (字体) sizes rose and fell together.In the second group,the size became
32、 larger as the calorie count fell.Researchers also asked participants questions to assess their health-consciousness.Results showed participants in the second group,who saw low calorie counts printed in large sizes,were more likely to adopt the healthier option.Moreover,less health- conscious partic
33、ipants were the most affected,while people with more health awareness were less influenced since they already favored healthier food.This research adjusted customer behaviors by creating a Stroop effect.Named after psychologist J.Ridley Stroop,the Stroop effect refers to a delay in reaction to misma
34、tch in its classic form.For example,if the word“purple”is written in green,it takes respondents longer time to identify the color than if the word and the color match. Similarly,the effect is observed when the physical size of the number does not match its number in this study.“Restaurants are inter
35、ested in encouraging customers to make healthier choices,” Cai said.However,simply labeling the food as healthy may not have the intended effect. “Healthy food items could be profitable for restaurants,but whenever a healthy label is attached,people may assume it does not taste good,she explained.We
36、re trying to provide restaurants with indirect suggestions,rather than saying it out loud.”32.What does the underlined word“discrepant ”in paragraph 2 mean?A.Creative. B.Relative. C.Conflicting. D.Misleading33.Which of the following type of customers would benefit most from the research?A.Strict die
37、t followers.B.Convenience food fans.C.Homemade meal lovers.D.Health magazine readers.34.What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A.The significance of research results.B.The measurement of response delays.C.The psychological basis of the study design.D.The influential variations of the Stroop effect.35.Whic
38、h of the following might be Cais suggestion for restaurants?A.Use font magic to drive healthier choices.B.Pay more attention to the taste of the food.C.Create a quiet dining atmosphere for customers.D.Attach“healthy”labels to the food on the menu.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
39、项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Artificial Intelligence(AI) geolocation(互联网定位技术) solutions are changing the way researchers track and monitor wildlife,enabling more powerful conservation efforts.These systems use advanced sensors,satellite imagery,and machine learning algorithms(算法)to gather real-time data on animal
40、movements,habitat preferences, and migration patterns. 36Traditional tracking methods often rely on non-automatic tracking or inconvenient necklace-like systems,which may cause stress and discomfort to the animals. 37 The devices can work as tags and the camera traps can be set up remotely,which dec
41、reases human impact on wildlife.In addition,AI-powered devices collect and analyze data precisely.Through their assistance,scientists can gain insights into habitat choices and evaluate the effect of global warming on wild animal locations. 38 For example,by analyzing the collected data,conservation
42、ists can promote targeted habitat restoration efforts according to the patterns and connections they discovered with the help of AI geolocation devices.39 By monitoring animals behavioral changes in real-time,researchers can quickly detect signs of environmental issues.Sudden changes in an animals m
43、ovements could indicate threats or problems.Researchers can then respond immediately,potentially saving the animals life.Sharing geolocation data through online platforms can also help raise awareness about protecting endangered species. 40 This help them feel more connected to the issues wildlife f
44、ace in habitats.The bond promotes a sense of responsibility among individuals and encourages them to contribute to wildlife conservation efforts through various means, such as donations,volunteer work,and so on.A.This knowledge enables them to make accurate and efficient decisions.B.However,AI track
45、ing does not require disturbing contact with the animals.C.AI monitoring needs fewer battery replacements than the traditional methods.D.The solutions have offered the following key benefits to wildlife conservation.E.Directly engaging with conservation efforts gives people a first-hand experience.F
46、.The AI geolocation technology significantly reduces the need for massive fieldwork.G.With real-time data,the AI solutions also function as an early warning for wildlife risks.第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lauren Schroeder was volunteering at a co
47、mmunity food bank at age 14.As she flled bags with 41 groceries,she noticed that there were plenty of food that came in cans and boxes,but she didnt see anything. 42 and healthy to give to families in need.Inspired to make a 43 ,she told her parents that she wanted to start a vegetable garden on the
48、ir farm,so that people could get the 44 they needed.Although they were 45 ,her parents made her aware of how much work it would take.Still,the teenager was up for the 46 .Lauren managed to receive a(n) 47 from a youth organization to pay for seeds and gardening 48 .She did a lot of research online to find out what plants 49 and what didnt,what needed shade,and which ones needed more water.Over the hot and dry summer,she 50 her crops for weeds and watered them by hand every d