《英语国家概况课件之英国.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语国家概况课件之英国.pptx（22页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、OverviewofEnglishspeakingCountriesCoursewarexx年xx月xx日目录CATALOGUEIntroductiontotheUKBritishcultureEducationsystemsocialproblemTouristattractions01IntroductiontotheUK位于欧洲大陆的西北部，由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰四个部分组成，隔英吉利海峡与法国相望。地理位置约5,500万，主要集中在英格兰南部和东南部地区。人口GeographyandPopulation历史背景英国有着悠久的文明史，是世界上最早的工业化国家之一。其历史可追溯
2、至罗马帝国时期，之后经历了中世纪、工业革命和两次世界大战等重要历史事件。文化影响英国对世界文化产生了深远影响，包括文学、艺术、音乐、科学和哲学等领域。英国文学史上涌现出了许多杰出的作家，如莎士比亚、简奥斯汀和查尔斯狄更斯等。historicalbackground英国实行君主立宪制，议会是最高立法机关，政府首脑为首相。英国政治体系以代议制为基础，强调民主、自由和平等原则。英国政府机构包括内阁、议会和法院等。内阁负责制定政策并执行，议会负责立法，法院负责司法审判。Politicalsystem政府机构政治制度02BritishcultureLiteratureTheUKhasarichliter
3、aryhistory,withwriterssuchasShakespeare,Austen,andDickens.Theirworksexplorethemesoflove,loss,andsocialcommentary.ArtTheUKhasavibrantartscene,withartistslikeTurner,Constable,andHockney.ArtintheUKoftenreflectsthecountryshistoryandculture.LiteratureandArtFestivalsFestivalslikeChristmas,Easter,andBonfir
4、eNightarecelebratedwithgreatenthusiasmintheUK.Thesefestivalsaremarkedbyuniquetraditionslikecarolsinging,giftexchange,andbonfirenightfireworks.TraditionsTraditionsliketheRoyalChristmasMessage,theFACupFinal,andthePancakeRaceareanintegralpartofBritishculture.Thesetraditionshavebeenpasseddownthroughgene
5、rationsandareasourceofpridefortheBritishpeople.FestivalsandTraditionsTheUKisfamousforitsloveofsportslikecricket,football(soccer),andrugby.TheBritishalsoenjoyothersportslikehorseracing,boxing,andgolf.SportsIntheirleisuretime,theBritishenjoyactivitieslikehiking,camping,andbirdwatching.TheBritishalsoha
6、veareputationfortheirloveofteaandafternoonteaisapopularpastime.LeisureSportsandLeisure03EducationsystemPreschooleducationintheUKisavailabletoallchildrenfromtheageof3to5yearsold.Itisnotcompulsory,butitishighlyrecommended.SummaryTheaimofpreschooleducationistoprovideanurturingandstimulatingenvironmentf
7、oryoungchildren,wheretheycanlearnthroughplayandotheractivities.Preschooleducationprepareschildrenforthetransitiontoprimaryschool.DetailsPreschooleducationVSCompulsoryeducationintheUKstartsatage5andcontinuesuntilage16.Itismandatoryforallchildrentoattendprimaryandsecondaryschool.DetailsTheprimaryschoo
8、lintheUKtypicallycoversyears1to6,andthesecondaryschoolcoversyears7to11.ThecoresubjectstaughtareEnglish,mathematics,science,history,geography,andforeignlanguages.SummaryCompulsoryeducationHighereducationintheUKtypicallyreferstouniversityeducation,whichisavailabletothosewhohavecompletedsecondaryschool
9、ing.SummaryUniversityeducationtypicallylaststhreeorfouryears,dependingonthecourseofstudychosen.Postgraduatedegrees,suchasmastersanddoctorates,arealsoavailable.ThehighereducationsystemintheUKisrenownedworldwideforitsqualityandishighlycompetitive.DetailsHighereducation04socialproblemHighunemploymentra
10、te01TheUKfacesahighunemploymentrate,especiallyamongyoungpeopleandthoseinlow-skilledjobs.Thishasledtoariseinpovertyandsocialexclusion.Decliningindustries02TheUKhasseenadeclineintraditionalindustriessuchascoalmining,steelproduction,andtextiles.Thishasledtojoblossesandeconomichardshipinsomeregions.Imba
11、lancedeconomy03TheUKeconomyisheavilyreliantonservices,withaparticularfocusonfinancialservices,whichhasledtoimbalancesintheeconomyandincreasedincomeinequality.EmploymentandEconomy010203LimitedwelfaresupportTheUKswelfaresystemhasbeenunderfundedandlimited,leadingtocutsinbenefitsandservicesforthoseinnee
12、d.Thishasincreasedpovertyandhardshipforvulnerablegroups.HousingaffordabilityTheUKfacesahousingaffordabilitycrisis,withmanypeopleunabletoaccessaffordablehousing.Thishasledtoariseinhomelessnessandovercrowdedhousingconditions.HealthcareissuesTheUKsNationalHealthService(NHS)facesfundingandstaffingshorta
13、ges,leadingtoissuessuchaslongwaitingtimes,rationingofcare,andadeclineinthequalityofhealthcareservices.socialwelfareSocialexclusionTheUKfacesissuesofsocialexclusion,withmanyindividualsandcommunitiesbeingleftbehindbyeconomicandsocialchanges.Thisisparticularlyevidentinareasofhighpovertyandlowsocialmobi
14、lity.InequalityTheUKhashighlevelsofincomeinequality,withasmallgroupofhighearnerscommandingmostofthewealth.Thishasledtoissuessuchassocialtensionsandrisingpopulism.BrexitBrexithascreateduncertaintyanddivisionwithintheUKanditsrelationshipwithEurope.Thishasledtopoliticalinstability,economicuncertainty,a
15、ndsocialunrest.Socialissuesandchallenges05Touristattractions伦敦的标志性建筑之一，是英国历史的见证，也是伦敦最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。伦敦塔桥大本钟白金汉宫伦敦的地标之一，是英国最著名的建筑之一，也是英国最大的钟楼。英国女王的官邸，也是伦敦最著名的旅游景点之一。030201London苏格兰历史的象征，也是爱丁堡最著名的景点之一。爱丁堡城堡爱丁堡市中心的一条著名步行街，两旁有许多历史建筑和商店。皇家英里大道爱丁堡最著名的教堂之一，也是苏格兰最重要的哥特式建筑之一。圣吉尔斯大教堂Edinburgh LakeDistrictNationalPark温德米尔湖英国最大的天然淡水湖之一，周围有许多美丽的乡村和风景如画的湖泊。格拉斯米尔镇湖区国家公园内的一个小镇，有许多历史建筑和美丽的商店。皮尔顿峰湖区国家公园内的一座山峰，是徒步和登山的热门目的地。