《人教版英语八年级下册重点难点笔记全.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人教版英语八年级下册重点难点笔记全.docx（56页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、人教版英语八年级下册重点难点笔 记名校内部资料Unit 1 whats the matter?1 . It s +形容词+ for sb. + to do sth.做某事对某人来说 是的。It s important to do sth.做某事很重要。It s important for me to eat a balanced diet.平衡饮食对 我来说是很重要的.It s easy to do sth.做某事是容易的。It s easy for us to find out the answer.找出答案对我们来 说是容易的。注意：该形容词不能形容人。而Its +形容词+ of sb +
2、to do sth句型 中的形容词可以形容人，表示人的性格或品质。如：止is very kind of you to help me often.2 .情态动词should的用法should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成 谓语。意为应该oUnit 3 Could you please clean your room?1 .关于to的短语总结have to do sth.不得不/必须做某事need to do sth.需要做某事hate to do sth.讨厌做某事like to do sth.喜欢做某事want to do sth.想做某事love to do sth.热爰
3、做某事forget to do sth.忘记做某事start to do sth.开始做某事begin to do sth.开始做某事ask sb to do sth.请某人做某事2 . -Could you please clean your room?-Yes, sure. / Sorry, I cant. I have to do my homework first.-Could I please use the car?-Sure. / Certainly. / Of course. / No, you cant. I have to go out.在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，
4、常用could代替can , 以表示礼貌，委婉或不确定的语气，而can则不具备这些语气。 这种情况下不能把could看作can的过去式。以上两句中用 could是为了表示礼貌的请求。表示请求帮助或请求允许时， 除了 can, could之外，还可以用may ,句子的表达方式也各 有不同，可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念。例：Could / Can / May I use your car for a day?作允答可以各种各样：如同意可以说Yes ,或Sure或Certainly ,还可说Yes, (do) please.或 Of course, (you may / can).或 Thats
5、 OK / all right.如果不同意，可以说 Im sorry you cant.或 Im really sorry, but I have to use it today.要避免说 No, you cant.这样显 得很不礼貌。否定回答通常用委婉语气。Unit 4 Why don t you talk to your parents?1. get(1)买get sth. for sb. = get sb. sth.为某人买某物Can you get some fruit for me when you go shopping ?二 Can you get me some fruit w
6、hen you go shopping ?(2 )得至I，至I达Where did you get the book?When did you get the letter?He got home late last night.(3 )使，让，get +宾语+宾补 使某人/某物怎么样(八年级 难点)Please get you coat clean.Get your mouth closed.get sb. to do sth.使某人做某事I got him to call Jim yesterday.(4)(逐渐)变得The weather gets warmer and days get
7、 longer .Why did the teacher get angry ?2. how about/ what about后跟名词/代词/动词ing形式。(1)向对方提出建议或请求How about going out for a walk?How about something to eat?(2 )向对方征求意见或看法How about the TV play ?How about buying the house now ?(3)询问天气或身体情况How about the weather in Hainan Island ?How about your parents? Are
8、they living with you ?(4)谈话中承接上下文F m forty years old. How about you?F m from Beijing. How about you?3. receive收到（客观上）The girl was happy to receive many gifts on her birthday . receive a letter from = get a letter from = heard from 收到 某人的信I received a letter from my parents last Sunday .二 I got a let
9、ter from my parents last Sunday .二 I heard from my parents last Sunday .accept接受（主观上）He couldn t accept our suggestions but our gifts.She was very glad to receive the invitation.I received an invitation to the party , but I refused to accept it .4. a 6-year-old child 一个六岁的孩子6-year-old是由数词+名词+形容词构成的复
10、合形容词，作前置定语，修饰后面的名词child。数词+名词+形容词构成的复合形容词，中间的名词要用单 数形式：a five-year-old girl 一个五岁的女孩a two-meter-long ruler 一把两米长的尺子a ten-story-high building 一栋十层高的楼房a two-inch-thick dictionary 一本两英寸厚的词典5. too.to.太而不能too后跟形容词或副词原形，t。后跟动词原形，构成不定式，句 子的主语与动词不定的主语不一致时，可以在动词不定式前加 逻辑主语for sboHe is too young to join the arm
11、y （军队）.他年纪太小，不 能去参军。The math problem is too difficult for me to work out .这 道数学题对我来说太难了，做不出。可以与 enough to 和 50.坨31：.转换（难点）She is too young to do the work .二 She isn t old enough to do the work .Tom is too tired to walk any farther .=Tom is so tired that he can t walk any farther .6. pay , spend f co
12、st f take的区别（中考重点）美名:四朵 金花（1 ） pay花费（多少钱）,主语是人。sb. pay some money for sth.I paid 5000 yuan for the computer last week .我上个星期 花了 5000买电脑。（2 ） spend花费（多少钱或时间），主语是人。sb. spend some money on sth.sb. spend some time ( in ) doing sth.I spent 5000 yuan on the computer last week .She spent 2 hours ( in ) doi
13、ng her homework . 她花了 2 个 小时做作业。(3 ) cost花费(多少钱)，主语是物。sth. cost sb. some money.This jacket cost him 200 dollars.这件夹克衫花费她 200 美元。(4 ) take花费(时间)，主语形式主语为It.It takes sb. some time to do sth.花费某人多少时间做某事How long does it take sb. to do sth?花费某人多少时间做某 事？It took Liu Hong 2 hours to do her homework. 刘红花了 2 个
14、小时做作业。7. sleep , sleeping, sleepy , asleep , fall asleep , be asleep(1 ) sleep动词，睡觉，强调动作。I am very tired. I want to sleep.我很累，想睡觉。(2 ) sleeping, sleep的现在分词，表示正在睡觉。Don t make so much noise. The baby is sleeping. 不要这 么吵，宝宝在睡觉。(3 ) sleepy想睡觉的，困倦的。I am a little sleepy. I d like to go to bed.我有点困了，我 想去床上
15、睡觉了。(4) asleep 睡着了的。The teacher found Tom asleep in class and kept him behind afterschool.老师发现汤姆上课睡觉，放学后就把他留 了下来。(5 ) fall asleep强调从没有睡着到睡着的过程，不能接一段时 间。I couldn t fall asleep until it was very late last night .我 昨天晚上到很晚才睡着。(6) be asleep表示睡着后的状态，睡着了，可以接一 段时间。He was asleep for three hours.他睡了 3 个小时。8.
16、 open(1 )动词，打开，开业，开张，展现Would you mind opening the window ?你介意我把窗户打 开吗？(2 )形容词，be open开着的，开放的On weekends the swimming pool is open to the public. 在 周末，这个游泳池是对公众开放的。9. close动词，关闭，关上，合上 closed形容词，be closed关着的，关闭的 should (应当,应该)用于所有人称,表示劝告或建议。eg. -I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厉害。-You should lie down and h
17、ave a rest.你应该躺下，多喝 水。3. maybe 与 may be(1 )maybe是副词，译为也许、可能，相当于perhaps . 如:Maybe he can answer the question.也许他能回答那个 问题。He is maybe from the USA, too.他可能也来自美国。(2 ) may be中的may为情态动词,译为可能是。如：He may be from the USA, too.他可能也来自美国。She may be our English teacher.她可能是我们的英语老师。4. few、a few、little、a little 的区
18、别和联系:10. encourage动词，鼓励，激励 encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事Parents should encourage children to do things by themselves.家长们应该要鼓励孩子们自己动手做事情。11. progress名词，进步，进展make progress 取得进步，取得进展Tom is now making great progress at school. 汤姆现在在学 校的进步很大。12. take an interest in ( doing ) sth.对(做)某事感兴趣否定表达是 take no
19、interest in ( doing ) sth.对(做)某事 不感兴趣Do you take an interest in English ?你对英语感兴趣吗?Most children take an interest in playing computer games.大多数孩子对电脑游戏很感兴趣。13. make friends with sb,和某人交朋友Would you like to make friends with us?你想和我们交朋友 吗？Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?1. arrive at到达
20、（小地方）arrive in到达（大地方）reach到达get to到达I arrived in Beijing last night. = I reached Beijing last night .=I got to Beijing last night .（考点）如果宾语是副词here, there, home,要把at/in/to省 略。arrive here/there/homeget here/there/home2. in front of.在的前面（某一范围外的前面）in the front of .在 的前面（某一范围内的前面）There are some big trees
21、 in front of the classroom building.在教室的前面有一些大树。I like sitting in the front of the taxi.我喜欢坐在出租车的前 排位置。3. take off（1）起飞When did the plane take off yesterday?飞机什么时候起 飞？（2）脱下（衣帽等）He took off his coat as soon as he went into the room. 他 一进房间就脱掉了外套。(3 )取消They will take off the 5 am train .他们取消了早上 5 点的火
22、车。4. get out (of ).从离开/出去/下来A car stopped and a girl got out of it.但从汽车/火车/船/飞机/马匹上下来，用get off.5. follow(1 )跟随 I followed him up he hill.我跟着他上了山.(2 )沿着前进 Follow this road until you get to the postoffice.顺着这条路一直到邮局.(3 )听懂，理解 Could you speak more slowly? I can1 t follow you.你能说慢点吗？我听不懂。(4 ) follow sb.
23、 to do sth.跟着某人做某事Please follow me to read the story.请跟我读这个故事。6. shout at大声喊叫，多指因生气而非善意的大声叫喊Don t shout at the little boy. He is too young.不要又寸他大 叫，他还太小。shout to大声喊叫，多指因距离远而不得不大声叫喊We should shout to him , or he can t hear us. 我们应该朝 他叫喊，否则他听不到我们的声音。7. happen发生，具体事件偶然的没有预见的发生(1 ) happen to do sth.碰巧做某
24、事I happened to meet one of my old friends in the park yesterday .昨天我在公园碰巧遇见我的一个老朋友。(2 ) sth happens to sb.某人发生了某事An car accident happened to him last month.上个月他发生 了交通事故.take place 发生(1)按计划进行或按计划发生Great changes have taken place in China in recent years. 最近几年中国发生了巨大的变化.(2 )(运动/活动/会议等)举行The meeting wil
25、l take place next Friday.运动会将于下星期 五举行。take the place of 代替，取代Plastics can sometimes take the place of wood and metal .塑料有时能代替木材和金属.take one s place坐某人的位置，代替某人的职务Come to take my place, my seat is near the window . 来估攵 我的位置，我的座位靠近窗户。8. anywhere任何地方，常用于否定句或疑问句中.Did you go anywhere last night?你昨天还去了别的地方
26、了吗？somewhere某个地方，用于肯定句。come and see me. Then we II go out somewhere.来我家 找我，然后我们出去逛逛。everywhere 处处，到处=here and thereI can t find my pen though I looked for it everywhere. 尽 管我到处都找过了，还是找不到我的钢笔。11. silence名词，寂静/无声There1 s nothing but silence in the room.屋内寂静无声。Keep in silence.保持沉默.silent形容词，沉默的，寂静的The
27、old house was quite silent.这所老房子寂静无声。The cat moved on silent feet,那只猫无声地走动着。12. hear 听到Can you hear someone knocking at the door?你听至I有人 敲门了吗？(1 ) hear of听说，后接表示人或物的词I have never heard of him before.我以前从来没有听说过他。(2 ) hear about听说，后接表示事件的名词r ve just heard about his illness.我刚刚听说他生病的事。Have you heard abo
28、ut the accident ?你听说了那场事故吗?(3 ) hear from sb收到某人的来信I heard from my daughter in New York yesterday. 我昨天收 到在纽约的女儿的来信。13. 主语+ be + one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词+in / of短语。是中最的之一.This was one of the most important events in modernAmerican history.这是美国历史上最重要的事件之一。Xiamen is one of the most beautiful cities in C
29、hina. 厦门是 中国最漂亮的城市之一。13. experience(1 )名词经验，不可数名词；经历，体验，可数名词Have you had any experience of fishing? 你有钓鱼的经验 吗？Could you tell us about your experiences in Africa? 你能给 我们谈谈你在非洲的经历吗？(2 )动词经历，感觉The children experienced many difficulties this time. 这次 孩子们经历了许多困难.experienced形容词有经验的be experienced in/at doi
30、ng sth.二 have much experience in/at doing sth.做某事很有经验.She is an experienced teacher.他是一个经验丰富的教师。He is very experienced in/at repairing cars.他修车很有经3佥。14. as . as .和一样 两个as之间用形容词或副词 的原形。He works as carefully as she.他和她一样工作认真。She is as tall as her mother.她和母亲一样高。not as. as.不如某人/某物He isnz t as / so old
31、as he looks .他不像看起来那么老。She doesn7 t run as / so fast as her brother.攵也不如她哥哥 跑得那么快。15. have fun = have a good/great/wonderful time =enjoy oneself玩得开心，过得愉快Did you have fun at the party?昨天在派对上玩的开心吗?=Did you have a good/great/wonderful time ?= Did you enjoy yourself ?have fun (in) doing sth.开心做某事r m jus
32、t having fun playing the guitar .我正开心的弹吉他 呢。(1 )few / a few用来修饰可数名词Jew表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few表示肯定意义，有几个。例如：He has few friends here, he feels lonely.他这里没朋友，他 感觉寂寞。There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。(2 )little/ a little用来修饰不可数名词Jittle表示否定意义, 没有，几乎没有；a little表示肯定意义，有一点儿。例如：There is little ink in
33、my bottle. Can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？5. notuntil直到(否定句)才，动词为短暂性或瞬间性 动词。She didn t leave until we came.He went shopping after he got up.=He didn t go shopping until /before he got up.until/till直到(肯定句)动词为延续性动词We stayed here till/until 12 o clock.16. accident事故，意外遭遇He was kille
34、d in an accident.他死于一起意外事故.traffic accident 交通事故Many people die in traffic accidents every year.每年有彳艮 多人死于交通事故。by accident偶然,意外地We met at the airport by accident .我们偶然在机场遇见。18 . think about考虑（某个计划）They are thinking about moving to Beijing. 他们考虑搬去北othink of 认为 What do you think of the movie?= how do
35、you like the movie?你认为这部电影怎么样？think over仔细思考We need a few days to think over this matter.我们需要几 天时间来考虑这个事情。19 .感叹句what引导的感叹句(1 ) What a beautiful girl (she is )!多么美的姑娘呀！(2 ) What a clever boy ( he is )!多么聪明的男孩呀！(3 ) What interesting pictures ( they are )!多么美的图片 呀！(4 ) What tall buildings ( they are )
36、!多么高的楼呀!(5 ) What delicious food ( it is ) !多么可口的食物呀！(6 ) What bad weather ( it is ) !多么坏的天气呀！规律：what + ( a/an ) +形容词+名词(+主语+谓语) + !名词为不可数名词或复数名词时，形容词前面不能有a/an0how引导的感叹句(7 ) How heavy the box is!多么重的箱子呀！How fast he runs!他跑得多快呀!(8 ) How careful the girl is!多么细心的姑娘呀！How well she plays the piano!她的钢琴弹得
37、多好呀!20 .过去进行时过去进行时的用法(1 )过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。What were you doing at 8:30 this morning?今天早上 8 点 半你正在做什么？When I called him, he was having dinner.当我打电话给他 时，他正在吃饭。(2 )过去某段时间正在进行的动作。What were you doing from seven to nine yesterday? 你昨 天7点到9点在做什么？I was reading the whole morning yesterday.我昨天一整个 早上都在看书。过去进行时的构成(
38、1)肯定句：主语+ was/were +动词ing形式+时间状语。(2 )否定句：主语+ was / were + not +动词ing形式+时 间状语。(3 )疑问句：was/were +主语+动词ing形式+时间状 语？肯定回答：Yes ,主语+ was / were .否定回答：No,主语+ was / were + not.Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.It doesnz t seem very possible to move a mountain.把一 座山给移掉好像不太可能。3. This is because.Thi
39、s is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects. 这 是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出72种变化，可以将自己 变成不同的动物或东西。4. . so. that +从句Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.有时候他使金箍棒变得如此小以至于他可以把它 放在耳朵里。5. It takes sb. some time to d
40、o sth.Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.因为它们如此之大以至于走到另一边花费了 很长时间。6. .not.until十从句直到才Don t eat it until you get to the forest.你们到达森林之后 才能吃。7. shoot v射，射击，过去式shotHou Yi shoots the sun.后羿身寸日。shoot at sth.瞄准/朝射击8. as soon as.”一就刚就I will tell him the news as soon
41、 as he comes back.他一回 来我就把消息告诉他。He took out his English book as soon as he sat down. 他一 坐下就把英语书拿出来了。9. A god was so moved by Yu Gong that he send two gods to take the mountains away.(1) move v.打动；使感动be moved (by sth./sb.)(被某人/事)感动I was moves by your kindness.我被你的善良打动了。(2)take (.) away (把)带走,拿走Someon
42、e took my iPhone away while I was waiting in the station.当我在车站等车的时候，有人拿走了我的iphoneotake out带出去,拿出去take turns (to do.)轮流做某事10. remind v.“提醒，使想起”，及物动词(1) remind sb. of sth.让我们想起某事The old photo reminds me of my childhood. 这张老照片让 我想起了我的童年。(2) remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事：My parents often remind me to stu
43、dy hard.我的父母总是 提醒我要努力学习。1.1 1 think it s a little bit silly.我认为那有点儿傻。a little bit意为有点儿，后加形容词,相当于a little , a bitThis is a little bit difficult for me.这对我来说有点难。12. turn.into.“把变成”Please turn this into English.请把这个译成英语。Joan is turning into a skilled musician. 琼正在变成一个技艺 精湛的音乐家。13. at other times “平时，有时
44、,在其他时候”At other times he doesn t have to get up at all.平时他根 本不必起来。Sometimes we went to the beach and at other times we went to climb the mountains.我们有时候去海滩,有时去爬 山。14. come out(1)出版That magazine comes out every Monday.月口本杂志每周 出版。(2)出来，出现，开花The stars come out as soon as it was dark. 天一黑星星就出 来了。(2)传出，真
45、相大白The truth has come out at last. 最后真相大白了。15. become interested in ,对感兴趣=be interestedin ,后接名词，代词，动名词I became interested in piano,我对钢琴感兴趣。16. whole adj.全部的，整体的whole后通常跟可数名词，前加the/this/ my等形容词性物主 代词修饰The old man told us the whole story.老人给我们讲了整个故 事。all也指所有的，修饰可数或不可数名词，放在the/this/my 等词前。如:the whole d
46、ay = all the day the whole class =all the class17. be made of.由制成，看得出原材料；be made from.由制成，看不出原材料。Unit 7 What s the highest mountain in the world?1. It is adj. + (for sb. ) to do sth.It is very hard to take in air as you get near the top.当你 接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。2. . is because .One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.其中的一个 主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。3. .show(s) (sb) that.Unit 2 Ill help clean the city parks.1.短语动词小结常见动词短语结构有下面几种：(1)动词+副词如：give up放弃;turn off关掉;stay up熬 夜这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必须放在 动词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既可插在动词和副词之间，也可 放在短语动词后。(2 )动词 + 介词如