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1、A Landforms Adventurewww.readinga-NQTWritten by Rose BrookerA Landforms AdventureA Reading AZ Level N Leveled BookWord Count:661Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.LEVELED BOOK Nwww.readinga-A Landforms AdventureA Landforms AdventureLevel N Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Ros
2、e BrookerAll rights reserved.www.readinga-Written by Rose BrookerCorrelationLEVEL NM2028Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRAPhoto Credits:Front cover,back cover:courtesy of Kait Thomas/NPS;title page:Bob Gibbons/;page 3(left):Lorraine Swanson/D;page 3(top right):OceanPhoto/FLPA/Minden Pictures;page 3(
3、bottom right):Steffen&Alexandra Sailer/;page 5:iStock/alxpin;page 6:Dorling Kindersley;page 7:Andreus/D;page 8:Della Huff/Alamy;page 9:Joel Zatz/Alamy;pages 10(top),13(top),14(top):iStock/Leontura;page 10(bottom):Fred Hirschmann/Science Faction/Corbis;page 11:145/Jim Bushelle/Ocean/Corbis;page 12:Vl
4、adislav Gajic/D;page 13(bottom):Patti McConville/Alamy;page 14(bottom):Joanne Murray/iStock/Thinkstock;page 15:courtesy of Google Maps/Google EarthFront cover:Hikers rest beneath Skyline Arch in Arches National Park,Utah.Title page:Hikers walk across the Wave,a rolling area of banded sandstone rock
5、in Vermilion Cliffs National Monument,Arizona.Page 3:(left)A sandstone formation rises above the river in the Wisconsin Dells.(top right)The Chocolate Hills in the Philippines are thousands of hills worn down by erosion.(bottom right)Wind and sand erosion bored a hole in red sandstone rock.34Table o
6、f ContentsRoad Trip!.4In Class .5Getting Ready to Leave .8On the Road .9One Landform to Go!.15Glossary .16Road Trip!Were going on a road trip this summer!My parents and I are driving from Boston to Seattle.My class has been learning about landforms in school.Were going to see some amazing landforms
7、on the trip!Major U.S.LandformsKEYCANADAMEXICOROCKY MOUNTAINSGREAT PLAINSCENTRAL LOWLANDSLake MichiganLake SuperiorMississippi RiverMissouri RiverOhio RiverRio Grande RiverGULF OF MEXICOATLANTIC OCEANPACIFIC OCEANLake HuronLake ErieLake OntarioCOLORADO PLATEAUBostonSeattleSONORAN DESERTMOJAVE DESERT
8、COLUMBIA PLATEAUCASCADE RANGECOAST RANGECENTRAL VALLEYSIERRA NEVADA RANGEOZARK PLATEAULake OkeechobeeGrand CanyonGreat Salt LakeGREAT LAKESEDWARDS PLATEAUBADLANDSMISSISSIPPI RIVER DELTAGULF COASTAL PLAINATLANTIC COASTAL PLAINAPPALACHIAN MOUNTAINSPlainsPlateausHillsMountainsGREAT BASIN DESERTCHIHUAHU
9、AN DESERTA Landforms Adventure Level N34Table of ContentsRoad Trip!.4In Class .5Getting Ready to Leave .8On the Road .9One Landform to Go!.15Glossary .16Road Trip!Were going on a road trip this summer!My parents and I are driving from Boston to Seattle.My class has been learning about landforms in s
10、chool.Were going to see some amazing landforms on the trip!Major U.S.LandformsKEYCANADAMEXICOROCKY MOUNTAINSGREAT PLAINSCENTRAL LOWLANDSLake MichiganLake SuperiorMississippi RiverMissouri RiverOhio RiverRio Grande RiverGULF OF MEXICOATLANTIC OCEANPACIFIC OCEANLake HuronLake ErieLake OntarioCOLORADO
11、PLATEAUBostonSeattleSONORAN DESERTMOJAVE DESERTCOLUMBIA PLATEAUCASCADE RANGECOAST RANGECENTRAL VALLEYSIERRA NEVADA RANGEOZARK PLATEAULake OkeechobeeGrand CanyonGreat Salt LakeGREAT LAKESEDWARDS PLATEAUBADLANDSMISSISSIPPI RIVER DELTAGULF COASTAL PLAINATLANTIC COASTAL PLAINAPPALACHIAN MOUNTAINSPlainsP
12、lateausHillsMountainsGREAT BASIN DESERTCHIHUAHUAN DESERTA Landforms Adventure Level N56In ClassMy teacher,Mr.Lopez,said that Earths crust is made up of huge pieces of rock called plates.Some of the plates are larger than continents!The plates sit above melted rock and slowly slide around because of
13、heat deep inside Earth.The moving plates can create landforms.Mr.Lopez also said that Earths surface is always changing.He said that some changes are slow,while others are fast.Old landforms can change over time,and new ones can be created.Some landforms result from changes underground.Hot,melted ro
14、ck under Earths surface can build up and form a volcano.A volcano is a type of mountain.Landforms can be created when the plates in Earths crust move.mantlecrustliquid outer coresolid inner coreInside EarthThe“Puzzle Pieces”of Earths CrustNorth American PlateEurasian PlatePacific PlateAntarctic Plat
15、eIndo-Australian PlateAfrican PlateSouth American PlateIndian PlatePacific PlateA Landforms Adventure Level N56In ClassMy teacher,Mr.Lopez,said that Earths crust is made up of huge pieces of rock called plates.Some of the plates are larger than continents!The plates sit above melted rock and slowly
16、slide around because of heat deep inside Earth.The moving plates can create landforms.Mr.Lopez also said that Earths surface is always changing.He said that some changes are slow,while others are fast.Old landforms can change over time,and new ones can be created.Some landforms result from changes u
17、nderground.Hot,melted rock under Earths surface can build up and form a volcano.A volcano is a type of mountain.Landforms can be created when the plates in Earths crust move.mantlecrustliquid outer coresolid inner coreInside EarthThe“Puzzle Pieces”of Earths CrustNorth American PlateEurasian PlatePac
18、ific PlateAntarctic PlateIndo-Australian PlateAfrican PlateSouth American PlateIndian PlatePacific PlateA Landforms Adventure Level N78Other changes happen on the surface.Weathering breaks down rock and shapes it.Erosion carries away the pieces that have broken off.Wind,water,and ice are the main to
19、ols of weathering and erosion.Mr.Lopez handed out a list of different landforms.Im going to take the list on my trip and try to see them all!Getting Ready to LeaveMom and I start at Castle Island,in Boston Harbor.Its not really an island since it doesnt have water all around it.Its connected to the
20、mainland on one side,so its a peninsula.You can see a bunch of islands from there,though.My mom and I saw these islands in Boston Harbor.volcanomantleocean plateland plateocean plate moves under land plateheat causes mantle to moveHow Coastal Volcanoes FormRharborR islandRpeninsulaheat from the ocea
21、n plate moving under the land plate causes magma to formA Landforms Adventure Level N78Other changes happen on the surface.Weathering breaks down rock and shapes it.Erosion carries away the pieces that have broken off.Wind,water,and ice are the main tools of weathering and erosion.Mr.Lopez handed ou
22、t a list of different landforms.Im going to take the list on my trip and try to see them all!Getting Ready to LeaveMom and I start at Castle Island,in Boston Harbor.Its not really an island since it doesnt have water all around it.Its connected to the mainland on one side,so its a peninsula.You can
23、see a bunch of islands from there,though.My mom and I saw these islands in Boston Harbor.volcanomantleocean plateland plateocean plate moves under land plateheat causes mantle to moveHow Coastal Volcanoes FormRharborR islandRpeninsulaheat from the ocean plate moving under the land plate causes magma
24、 to formA Landforms Adventure Level N910On the RoadOnce we start driving west,the hills and valleys grow larger,and we seem to be climbing higher.We pass some old mountains that erosion has worn down to big hills.In New York State,the land is low and hilly in some places and higher in other places.D
25、ad says the higher places are part of a huge,high area of land called a plateau(pla-TOH).After stopping for the night,we keep driving west until we get to Lake Erie.Its one of the Great Lakes.A glacier carved the Great Lakes about fourteen thousand years ago.The Berkshires look more like big hills t
26、han what I think of as mountains.Lake Erie is much too wide to see across to the other side.RmountainRplateauR hillR lakeBostonChicagoBuffaloMichiganNew YorkPennsylvaniaOhioWisconsinCANADALake ErieOhio RiverIndianaIllinoisA Landforms Adventure Level N910On the RoadOnce we start driving west,the hill
27、s and valleys grow larger,and we seem to be climbing higher.We pass some old mountains that erosion has worn down to big hills.In New York State,the land is low and hilly in some places and higher in other places.Dad says the higher places are part of a huge,high area of land called a plateau(pla-TO
28、H).After stopping for the night,we keep driving west until we get to Lake Erie.Its one of the Great Lakes.A glacier carved the Great Lakes about fourteen thousand years ago.The Berkshires look more like big hills than what I think of as mountains.Lake Erie is much too wide to see across to the other
29、 side.RmountainRplateauR hillR lakeBostonChicagoBuffaloMichiganNew YorkPennsylvaniaOhioWisconsinCANADALake ErieOhio RiverIndianaIllinoisA Landforms Adventure Level N1112We stay overnight in Chicago and then get back on the road.Now were driving past Madison,Wisconsin,which is on an isthmus(IS-muhs).
30、Its a narrow strip of land between two bodies of water.We stop to see the Wisconsin Dells.The Dells is a gorgea steep,narrow valleythat was carved by the Wisconsin River.Along its sides are canyons,which are similar to gorges but not as steep or narrow.Were almost to the Mississippi River,one of the
31、 longest rivers in the world.This part of the Mississippi was carved by glaciers.We cross the Mississippi River on the way to the Great Plains.A plain is a large,flat area without many trees.The Great Plains formed when two plates smashed into each other and joined together.Some parts of the Great P
32、lains are flat,and others have hills.The grasslands of the Great Plains were once home to huge herds of bison and horses.Wisconsins state capitol building is on Madisons isthmus.R plainR isthmusA Landforms Adventure Level N1112We stay overnight in Chicago and then get back on the road.Now were drivi
33、ng past Madison,Wisconsin,which is on an isthmus(IS-muhs).Its a narrow strip of land between two bodies of water.We stop to see the Wisconsin Dells.The Dells is a gorgea steep,narrow valleythat was carved by the Wisconsin River.Along its sides are canyons,which are similar to gorges but not as steep
34、 or narrow.Were almost to the Mississippi River,one of the longest rivers in the world.This part of the Mississippi was carved by glaciers.We cross the Mississippi River on the way to the Great Plains.A plain is a large,flat area without many trees.The Great Plains formed when two plates smashed int
35、o each other and joined together.Some parts of the Great Plains are flat,and others have hills.The grasslands of the Great Plains were once home to huge herds of bison and horses.Wisconsins state capitol building is on Madisons isthmus.R plainR isthmusA Landforms Adventure Level N1314We drive throug
36、h a corner of Wyoming and pass some mountains on our left.Some of the mountains have snow,but Mom says even bigger mountains are still to come.After we cross into Montana and drive for a while,Dad says,“Get ready to see something big!”Soon afterward,I see a row of high,snowy peaksthe Rocky Mountains
37、.The Rockies are one of the main mountain ranges in the West.They formed when two small plates beneath the Pacific Ocean slid under the North American Plate.After driving across Montana and Idaho,we finally enter Washington.We pass Mount Rainier(ray-NEER),a huge volcano.The top of Mount Rainier is c
38、overed with glaciers.Glaciers are large fields of ice and packed snow that stay frozen all year long.Snow covers the peaks of a Rocky Mountain range in Montana.IdahoOregonWashingtonMontanaNorth DakotaMissouri RiverSeattleMT.RAINIERCANADAR volcanoRglacierRmountain rangeChicagoMadisonWyomingWisconsinM
39、innesotaMontanaIowaNebraskaNorth DakotaSouth DakotaMissouri RiverMississippi RiverBADLANDS NATL.PARKBIGHORN MOUNTAINSBillingsA Landforms Adventure Level N1314We drive through a corner of Wyoming and pass some mountains on our left.Some of the mountains have snow,but Mom says even bigger mountains ar
40、e still to come.After we cross into Montana and drive for a while,Dad says,“Get ready to see something big!”Soon afterward,I see a row of high,snowy peaksthe Rocky Mountains.The Rockies are one of the main mountain ranges in the West.They formed when two small plates beneath the Pacific Ocean slid u
41、nder the North American Plate.After driving across Montana and Idaho,we finally enter Washington.We pass Mount Rainier(ray-NEER),a huge volcano.The top of Mount Rainier is covered with glaciers.Glaciers are large fields of ice and packed snow that stay frozen all year long.Snow covers the peaks of a
42、 Rocky Mountain range in Montana.IdahoOregonWashingtonMontanaNorth DakotaMissouri RiverSeattleMT.RAINIERCANADAR volcanoRglacierRmountain rangeChicagoMadisonWyomingWisconsinMinnesotaMontanaIowaNebraskaNorth DakotaSouth DakotaMissouri RiverMississippi RiverBADLANDS NATL.PARKBIGHORN MOUNTAINSBillingsA
43、Landforms Adventure Level N1516One Landform to Go!For the last landform on my list,we travel one hour north to see a river delta.This landform was created when dirt and rocks built up where the river flows into a bay.Ive seen some amazing landforms on this trip,and Ive learned so much about how Eart
44、hs surface changes.I cant wait to tell Mr.Lopez about my summer vacation!Glossarycontinents the main divisions of land(n.)on Earth(p.5)delta(n.)a triangular area of land formed by sediment at a rivers mouth(p.15)erosion(n.)the natural removal of rock or soil by water,wind,or ice(p.7)gorge(n.)a long,
45、deep valley(p.11)isthmus(n.)a narrow strip of land connecting two larger landmasses(p.11)landforms natural formations on (n.)Earths surface(p.4)peninsula a long piece of land almost(n.)surrounded by water(p.8)plateau(n.)a large raised area of flat land(p.9)weathering the wearing away of (n.)Earths s
46、urface by natural forces (p.7)Over time,soil built up and caused the river to split into many smaller branches in the area between the dotted lines.riverbayR river deltaA Landforms Adventure Level N1516One Landform to Go!For the last landform on my list,we travel one hour north to see a river delta.
47、This landform was created when dirt and rocks built up where the river flows into a bay.Ive seen some amazing landforms on this trip,and Ive learned so much about how Earths surface changes.I cant wait to tell Mr.Lopez about my summer vacation!Glossarycontinents the main divisions of land(n.)on Eart
48、h(p.5)delta(n.)a triangular area of land formed by sediment at a rivers mouth(p.15)erosion(n.)the natural removal of rock or soil by water,wind,or ice(p.7)gorge(n.)a long,deep valley(p.11)isthmus(n.)a narrow strip of land connecting two larger landmasses(p.11)landforms natural formations on (n.)Eart
49、hs surface(p.4)peninsula a long piece of land almost(n.)surrounded by water(p.8)plateau(n.)a large raised area of flat land(p.9)weathering the wearing away of (n.)Earths surface by natural forces (p.7)Over time,soil built up and caused the river to split into many smaller branches in the area betwee
50、n the dotted lines.riverbayR river deltaA Landforms Adventure Level Nwww.readinga-A Landforms AdventureA Landforms AdventureLevel N Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Rose BrookerAll rights reserved.www.readinga-Written by Rose BrookerCorrelationLEVEL NM2028Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRAPhoto Cr