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1、Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.GolfA Reading AZ Level R Leveled BookWord Count:1,064WritingWhy should someone choose to play golf?Write a letter to a friend persuading him or her to start playing golf.Include information from the book.MathImagine there are four players on a
2、 par three golf hole.Player A scores an eagle,Player B scores a double bogey,Player C scores a birdie,and Player D scores a hole in one.What was each players score?Rank them in winning order.Connectionswww.readinga-Written by Louanne SilverGolfLEVELED BOOK RLEVELED BOOK Rwww.readinga-Why do people l
3、ove to play golf?Focus QuestionWritten by Louanne SilverGolfGolfSpectacular Sports Level R Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Louanne SilverAll rights reserved.www.readinga-clubscoresequipmentfocushazardsparprofessionalsimulatorstournamentsWords to KnowFront cover:Professional Jason Day tees off dur
4、ing the third round of a championship in Lake Forest,Illinois.Title page:A golf tee holds a ball.Page 3:A boy is about to put on a putting green.Photo Credits:Front cover:Michael Cohen/Getty Images Sport/Thinkstock;back cover:kschulze/iStock/Thinkstock;title page:destillat/iStock/Thinkstock;page 3,7
5、(left):Fuse/Thinkstock;page 4:Gerard Brown/DK Images;page 5:Adrian Sawvel/Hemera/Thinkstock;page 6:ifong/123RF;page 7(right):Ryan McVay/Photodisc/Thinkstock;page 8:David Zanzinger/Alamy Stock Photo;page 9:floridastock/iStock/Thinkstock;page 10:Tom Stewart/Corbis;page 11(top):David Dea/iStock/Thinkst
6、ock;page 11(center):Asplosh/D;page 11(bottom):Igor Skrynnikov/Hemera/Thinkstock;page 13:Schalk van Zuydam/AP Images;page 14(top left):Leo Mason/Corbis;page 14(top right):Bettmann/Corbis;page 14(bottom):Andy Altenburger/Icon SMI/Corbis;page 15:courtesy of NASACorrelationLEVEL RN3030Fountas&PinnellRea
7、ding RecoveryDRA3Golf Level RTable of ContentsWhy Golf?.4Playing Golf .6A Sport Is Born .11A Global Game .12Who Plays Golf?.13Golf Greats .14Types of Golf Courses .15Glossary .164Golfers spend many hours trying to improve their golf swing.Why Golf?If you compare golf to other sports,you may think th
8、at hitting a ball into a hole in the ground sounds fairly simple.Nothing could be further from the truth.To play well,golfers need patience,balance,focus,and lots of practice.Yet if golf is hard,why do millions of people love the sport?Its played in beautiful places with rolling green land.It gives
9、people the chance to learn,practice,and improve.Most of all,golf offers hours of fun and relaxation.5teeing groundfairwayputting green(“green”for short)fringe an area around the green that has longer grasshole marked with a flagstickrough an area that has trees,shrubs,and long grassbunker a shallow
10、hole in the ground that is usually filled with sandwater hazard a stream or pondGolf HoleGolf HoleGolf Level R6Golf ClubsGolf ClubsPlaying GolfGolfers use clubs to hit a small,hard ball into a hole using as few strokes,or swings,as possible.Sometimes the ball must travel a very long way to reach the
11、 hole.Sometimes it only needs to move a short distance.At other times,it must fly high in the air to get over long grass or other things.Golfers need to know how to make all these types of shots.woodironwedgeputterGolf clubs have heads of different shapes,depending on what they are used for.Irons ar
12、e used for shorter shots.Woods and fairway metals are used to hit the ball long distances.Wedges are used for short,high shots or to get the ball out of sand.Putters are used to roll the ball once it is on the green.7Golf Level RThe sport is played on a golf course,which is a large area of land that
13、 is carefully mowed and trimmed to define the areas of the course.A golf course usually has nine or eighteen sections,or holes.Each section begins at the teeing ground,where golfers usually place their ball on a small peg called a tee.They hit the ball down the fairwaythe area that leads to the smal
14、l hole at the far end of the section.The area around the small hole is called the putting green,or simply the green.It almost always takes several strokes to get the ball there.However,lucky golfers sometimes get a hole in one.In golf,the word hole has two different meanings.One is the small hole in
15、to which golfers hit the ball(left).The other is each of the nine or eighteen sections of a golf course(right).8This hole is almost surrounded by water and rough,with a large bunker as well.Other holes might have fewer hazards.bunkerwater hazardroughGolfers need to deal with hazards,which are parts
16、of the course that they try to avoid.Getting a ball out of a hazard may take extra strokes,which is bad for a golfers score.One type of hazard is a sand-filled area called a bunker.Streams and ponds are other types of hazards.The roughthe area around each section,which usually has trees,bushes,and l
17、onger grasscan also present problems.9Name of ScoreNumber of StrokesName of ScoreNumber of StrokesA golfers score is based on the number of strokes compared to par.The sport has special names for scores.Golf Level RA golf game usually involves playing eighteen different sections,called holes.If a go
18、lf course has only nine holes,golfers often play the course twice.Each hole on a golf course has a number,called the par.If a hole has a par of four,golfers try to get the ball into the hole in four strokes or less.The number depends on the distance from the teeing ground to the hole.Most holes are
19、three,four,or five par.Par for the course is the total of all the pars for the entire nine or eighteen holes.Golfers who play together in a small group compare their totals for the whole course.The player with the lowest score wins.Scoring a Par Five HoleScoring a Par Five Hole10Golfers respect how
20、much concentration it takes to play the game well.They stand back and stay quiet when another person is taking a swing.It can take between three and five hours to play a round of golf,or eighteen holes.People who golf just for fun often ride the course in golf carts.Professional golfers walk from on
21、e hole to the next.Helpers called caddies carry their clubs.Golfers wear shoes with spikes on the bottom for gripping the grass.Their clothing allows them to move easily when they swing a club.Some golfers wear a glove on one hand to help them grip the clubs better and avoid getting blisters.11Golf
22、balls started to have dimples in the early 1900s.The dimples help the balls fly higher and farther.Golf Level RA Sport Is BornScotland is the birthplace of modern golf.The game may have begun as long ago as the 1400s.It probably spread to England in the early 1600s and to India,Australia,and other B
23、ritish colonies soon after.By the late 1800s,golf was played in many countries around the world.Equipment has changed a lot over the years.The first golf balls and clubs were made of wood.In the early 1600s,people started using leather balls filled with feathers.In 1848,a new ball was invented.It wa
24、s made of tree sap that was dried,heated,and shaped.Players began using metal golf clubs with the new balls.Modern golf balls with rubber cores first appeared in 1898.old clubsmodern ballold ball12PACIFIC OCEANATLANTIC OCEANINDIAN OCEAN147296108351.United States(17,672)2.United Kingdom(2,752)3.Japan
25、(2,442)4.Canada(2,300)5.Australia(1,500)6.Germany(684)7.France(559)8.China(500)9.Sweden(480)10.South Africa(450)Countries and Numbers of Golf CoursesA Global GameBecause golf began in Scotland,the sport is most popular in countries where English is spoken.People in more than 130 countries around the
26、 world play the game.The United States has many more golf courses than any other country.However,compared to how many people live in each country,Scotland has the most golf courses.In addition to outdoor courses,many places have indoor digital simulators where people can improve their skills.Miniatu
27、re golf is played both indoors and outdoors.Top Ten Golfing CountriesTop Ten Golfing Countries13Golf competitions sometimes have wildlife hazards.The 2008 Womens World Cup in South Africa was interrupted by baboons.Golf Level RWho Plays Golf?More than sixty million people around the world play golf.
28、In the United States,over twenty million people play each year.Programs exist for young people to learn the game and compete.Top mens golfers compete in the U.S.-based Professional Golfers Association(PGA)Tour and the European Tour as well as several others.Top womens golfers from around the world c
29、ompete in the U.S.-based Ladies Professional Golf Association(LPGA)Tour.In addition,men and women each have several top professional tournaments,called majors.Winning a major earns a golfer respect,fame,and money.Only a small number of golfers earn a living by competing in golf tournaments.14Tiger W
30、oodsPatty BergJack NicklausGolf GreatsJack Nicklaus is the top golfer in the history of the sport.He competed in important tournaments from 1961 to 2005 and won more than a hundred competitions.He won eighteen majors.Patty Berg was the top woman to ever play golf.As a professional,she competed from
31、1940 to 1962 and won sixty tournaments and fifteen majors.Tiger Woods may be the greatest golfer playing today.He has done better on the PGA Tour than any other golfer now playing.15Alan Shepard swings a golf club at a ball on the Moon in 1971.Golf Level RTypes of Golf CoursesGolf courses are locate
32、d in many different places.Some are like large,grassy parks with tall trees.Some are narrow strips of land along coastlines.In desert areas,courses often have cactuses and palm trees.The most unusual place golf has been played is .the Moon!Astronaut Alan Shepard went to the Moon in 1971 and hit a fe
33、w golf balls while he was there.Few players will ever experience golfing on the Moon,but anyone who is interested can find a way to play golf right here on Earth.All you need is a club and a golf ball.With lots of practice,young players will learn what millions of golfers already know:golf is out of
34、 this world!16Glossaryclubs(n.)long sticks used to hit a small ball in the game of golf(p.6)cores(n.)the central,innermost,or most important parts of things(p.11)equipment(n.)tools used in work or play(p.11)focus(n.)concentrated attention(p.4)hazards(n.)obstacles on a golf course,usually involving w
35、ater or sand(p.8)par(n.)the number of golf strokes a player should use for a hole or course(p.9)professional(adj.)earning money for taking part in an activity rather than doing it purely for pleasure(p.10)simulators(n.)machines that model or imitate the appearance or condition of something,usually for training or practice(p.12)tournaments(n.)series of games or competitions to determine final champions(p.13)