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1、第10讲 定语从句初升高英语衔接初升高英语衔接定语从句ThebeautifulgirlisAngelababy.ThebeautifulgirlwhocanspeakgoodEnglishisAngelababy.先行词关系词定语从句定语一个句子起到了定语功能叫做定语从句，也叫形容词性从句。被修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句需用关系词（关系代词和关系副词）引导。一、关系代词引导先行词关系代词充当成分例句人Michaelisthecowboywho/thatlovesthebeautifulgirl.Lilyisthebeautifulgirl(who/that/whom)thecowboyiswai
2、tingfor.物Youlltakealltherainthat/whichhaswateredmyheart.Icantforgetthehouse(that/which)youlivein.Thefactorywhich/thatmyfathersworksinisverybig.=Thefactoryinwhichmyfatherworksisverybig.人/物Lilyisthegirlwhoseheartissosilly.ThehorsewhosemasterisMichaellookshandsome.who/that主语who/that/whom宾语that/which主语宾
3、语whose定语二、关系副词引导先行词关系副词充当成分例句时间Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen(=inwhich)wefirstmet.地点Ourgrandparentshadasmallfarmwhere(=inwhich)theyraisedmanyanimals.原因(reason)Icantimaginethereasonwhy(=forwhich)theyturneddownmyinvitation.when时间状语where地点状语why原因状语三、非限定性定语从句1.非限定定语从句和主句之间要用逗号分开，对先行词作附加的说明，相当于一个插入语。2.非限定定语从
4、句关系词不能用that，且不可省略：Thesmallworkshopbecamealargefactory,whichemployed278people.3.可用which指主句整句话：Jimmyisanaughtyboy,whichisknowntoall.四、关系代词使用的特殊情况情况用法说明例句关系代词只用that的情况1先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代词时。2先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时3先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时4先行词既指人又指物时5
5、先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时1.Hetoldmeeverythingthatheknows.2.Allthebooksthatyouofferedhasbeengivenout.3.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverread.4.Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremembered.5.HeistheonlymanthatIwanttosee.关系代词只用which,who,whom的情况1在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人2在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用wh
6、ich指物，whom指人。3先行词为those,one等表人时多用who。Hehasason,whohasgoneabroadforfurtherstudy.Ilikethepersontowhomtheteacheristalking.Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.综合练习1.Theman_isspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.2.Thesearethetrees_wereplantedlastyear.3.Thewoman_theywantedtovisitisateacher.4.Iknowth
7、egirl_motherisateacher.5.Ihaveafriend_likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.6.Thespeedat_youdriveyourcarmustntbetoohigh.7.Themanto_ItalkedisMr.Li.8.Thewolfby_thesheepwaskilledwasshot.9.Ilikeclimbingmountains,_isgoodformyhealth.who/thatthat/whichwho/thatwhosewho/thatwhichwhichwhichwhich综合练习10.Iwillneverforg
8、etthedays_wespenttogether.Iwillneverforgetthedays_IjoinedtheParty.11.Thisisthehouse_Ilivedtwoyearsago.Thisisthehouse_Ilivedintwoyearsago.12.Iknowthereason_shewaslate.13.(2023年全国乙卷63)Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace_welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife.that/whichwhenwherethat/whichwhythat/which综合练习14.(2022年全国甲卷62)Onthe1,100-kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,_losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.15.(2020年全国卷61)InancientChinalivedanartist_paintingswerealmostlifelike.whowhoseTHANK YOU！