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1、中考英语语法二轮复习之介词详解一、定义与分类介词是一种虚词，不能单独用作句子成分，通常用于名词或代词 （以及相当于名词的其他词语）之前，表示其后词语与句中其他词语之间的关系。英语介词从结构上可分为简单介词（如 about）、合成介词（如inside）、分词介词（如including）和成语介词（如 instead of）等。二、介词的宾语介词的宾语通常是名词或代词，若需动词作宾语，则通常用动名 词形式。但是以下几种情况比较特殊，考生需注意：1 .表示“除了”的介词but. except后接动词作宾语，通常用 不定式;若其前有do,则不定式不带to,若其前没有do,则不定式通常带to。如：He
2、wanted nothing but to stay there.他只是想留在那里。I ve done everything you wanted except cook the meals. 你 要我干的事我全干了，只是还没做饭。2 .介词可接what从句作宾语，但通常不接that从句作宾语，遇 此情况，应先在介词后加上the facto如：No one paid attention to what he said.没人注意他说的话。No one paid attention to the fact that he was poor. 没人注意他很穷。注：表示“除了 的except后可接th
3、at从句。如：He has no special fault except that he smokes too much. 他除了抽烟太多之外，没有什么特别的毛病。3 .在某些特殊结构中，形容词、副词、分词、介词短语等可用作介词宾语。如：Its too hot in here.这里面太热了。The cat jumped out from under the bed. 猫从床下跳出来。Her pronunciation is far from perfect.她的语音远不是完美的。I canr t regard the matter as settled.我不能认为这事已经解决。三、常见成语介
4、词搭配1. 其他词+ofahead of在.之前,比强cause of 因为inside of在.以内，少于instead of代替，而不outside of在.外面，除.外regardless of 不顾，不管2. 其他词+toaccording to 根据as to至于，关于contrary to 违反due to 由于，由于的原因near to在.的附近next to紧挨着，紧次于owing to因为，由于thanks to多亏，由于3. in+其他词+ofin advance of 在.前面in aid of 帮助in behalf of 为了 （.的利益）in case of如果，万
5、一，以防in celebration of 庆祝in charge of负责，管理in defence of 保卫in explanation of 解释in face of 面对 in favourof 赞成，主张in front of 在,前面in honor of纪念，祝贺，欢迎in memory of 纪念in need of 需要in place of 代替 in possession of 拥有in praise of称赞in respect of关于，就而言in search of寻找，搜找in sight of在看见的地方in spite of虽然，尽管in support o
6、f 为 了支持（拥护）.in view of鉴于，考虑到4. in+其他词+forin exchange for作为对的交换in preparation for 为.作准备in return for作为的报答in reward for作为的报酬5. in+其他词+toin addition to 加之、除之外in answer to回答，响应in reply to对.的回答（答复） in response to 回答，响应in with reference to 关于in with regard to 关于练习巩1. This skirt is madeyour motherher own m
7、easure.A. for, toB. for； forC. to, toD. for； by2 .nstead of callinghis uncle, he calledmy new house with his wife that dayA. by, forB. on； atC. for, onD. at； by3 . Kates little brother kicked the ball to the river she took areat trouble to aet itthe riverA. onB. fromC. from on D. over from4 . The pr
8、etty girl is knownthepublica little film starherexcellent performance in a filmA. inaswithB. toas：forC. among, with： in D. by. for. becauseof5 .It1s really hotJanuary in Harbin now. Better take off your coatA. inB. duringC. forD. to6. -They all agree _George. Has the project been passed?-Who George
9、can make the final decision?A.exceptexcept B.except； besides C. but； but D. besides； but7. So far several ships have been reported missing _the coast of Bermuda.A. off8. along9. on10. around8. -I like coffee with nothing in it. What about you?A. prefer coffee sugar.A. toB. forC. withD. than9. 一Im go
10、ing to cut the big tree down?-What?A. byB. toC. withD. at10. Brtainhas recentlyhada highleve ofunemploymentbut the same is truemany other countriesA. atB. fromC. ofD. To答案解析1. Ao made to (ones own) measure 按(某人的)尺寸定做。2. Bo call on sb 拜访某人；call at a place 去某地。3. Co get sth from.从某物取得某物;on the river 河上。4. Bo be known to sb 为某人所知；as 作为；be known for 因 而出名。5. Co for对.来说。若用in,则指哈尔滨一月的天气很热，这 与事实不符。6. Co who but.除了某人外，还有谁？7. Ao off距离.不远处的海上。8. Co根据语境，句意为“我喜欢喝加糖的咖啡，故用with。9. Co根据语境，是问“用”什么工具来cut the tree down。10. Co of在.方面。