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1、中考英语名词复习教案教学设计(人教版英语中考复习)【基础学问网络总结与巩固】复习中考对于名词的考查侧重点1可数名词的复数2不行数名词的量3名词全部格的用法4名词的句法作用5词义辨析 6名词与主谓全都考查形式主要有:单项选择、完形填空、选词填空、书面表达等 题型考点一.单数和复数1可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式 后加词尾“-s”构成,其主要变法如下:(1) 一般状况在词尾加-s,例如:book-books, girl-girls, boyf boys, pen -pens, doctor-*doctors, boyf boys。(2)以 s, x, ch, sh,结尾的词
2、加-es,例如:bus-*buses, classclasses, boxboxes, watch-swatches, brushbrushes。(3)以ce, se, ze, (d) ge结尾的名词加s,例如:orange-oranges o(4)以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如: ci tyf cities, factory-1 factories, country f countries, familyf families。但要留意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数 形式只力口 s, 如:boy-boys, dayf days。(5)以o结尾的词多数都加-es。例如:
3、herof heroes, potatopotatoes, tomatotomatoes, 但词末为两个元音字母的词 只加-s。例如:zoof zoos, radiof radios,还有某些外来词也只加 -s, 例如:photofphotos, pianopianos。(6)以f或fe结尾的词,多数变f为v再加-es,例如: knifeknives, leaf-leaves, half-halves0(7)少数名词有不规章的复数形式,例如:man-men, womanwomen, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, chiIdfchildren, mouse-miceo【留意】与
4、man和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和一women。 例如:an Englishman, two Englishmeno但 German 不是 合成词,故复数形式为Germans; man, woman等作定语时,它的单 复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定,如:men workers, women teacherso有个别名词单复数一样,例如:Chinese, Japanese, sheep, deer, fish等。但当fish表示不同种类的鱼时,可以加复数词尾。(8)单数形式但其意为复数的名词有:people, police等。(9)数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单
5、数形式,中间加 连字符。 例如:tenminutes walk, an 8-yearold girl, a ten-mile walko(10)还有些名词仅有复数形式,如:trousers, clothes, chopsticks, glasses, goods, ashes, scissors, compasseso(ID只用作单数的复数形式的名词有:科学名词:physics, mathematics/maths嬉戏名称:bowls专出名词:the United States, Niagara Falls其他名词: news, falls2.不行数名词“量”的表示方法在英语中,不行数名词假如
6、要表示“量”的概念,可以用以下两 种方法:(1)用 much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any 等表示多少,例如:The rich man has a lot of money.There is some milk in the bottle.Is there any water in the glass?I don t like winter because there s too much snow and ice.(2)用a piece of这类定语,例如:a piece of paper a piece of wood a piece of
7、breada bottle of orange a glass of water (milk) a cup of teaa cup of tea a bag of rice three bags of rice假如要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时,在容器后加复 数,例如:two cups of teafour pieces of paperthree glasses of water不行数名词也可用a lot of, lots of, some, any, much 等来修饰。考点二名词的全部格名词全部格,用来表示人或物的全部,以及领属关系。1 .表示有生命的名词的全部格其单数形式是加S
8、,其复数形 式是 s,例如:a student is room, students rooms, father,s shoeso2 .如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加s,如:Children 4s Day03 .在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词 的全部格要用s,例如:a twenty minutes walk, ten milesjourney, a boat,s length, two pounds weight, ten dollars wortho4 .无生命名词的全部格则必需用of结构,例如:a map of China, the end of this term, t
9、he capital of our country, the color of the flowerso5 .双重全部格,例如:a friend of my father so【留意】假如两个名词并列,并且分别有S,则表示“分别有”,例如: John s and Mary s rooms (约翰和玛丽各有一间,共两间);Tom s and Mary s bikes (两人各自的自行车)。两个名词并列,只有一个s,则表示“共有”,例如:John and Mary s room (约翰和玛丽共有一间);Tom and Marys mother (即 Tom与Mary是兄妹)。【重难点例题启发与方法
10、总结】1. We need some more. Can you go and get some, please?A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe答案:c句意:我们需要更多的土豆。你能带过来一些吗?解析:potato 土豆是可数名词。由于有some修饰所以potato 要用复数形式。以辅音+。结尾的名词后面要+es。所以C.potatoes是正确答案。2. What bigthe tiger has!A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes答案:B句意:老虎长着多么大、多么锐利的牙齿呀!解析:牙齿toot
11、h的复数形式是teeth3. Please remember to give the horse some tree.A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave答案:B句意:请记得喂马一些树叶。解析:树叶leaf是以f结尾的,所以它的复数形式是变f为v, 再加es4. These have saved many children s lives.A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctorsD. woman doctor答案:Co该题考查的是名词作定语时的变化。woman作定语时 要和被修饰的名词保持数的全都。5.
12、 This isbedroom. The twin sisters like it verymuch.C. Anne s andA. Anne and Jane B. Anne s and Jane sJane D. Anne and Jane s答案:Do该题考查的是并列名词的全部格。两人共有一个房间 时,只在后面的名词后加So【重难点关联练习巩固与方法总结】直击中考1. Where have you been, Tim?I ve been to .A. the Henry house B. the Henry family C. the Henry s home D. Henry s2.
13、In England, if is in the middle of the day, theevening meal is called supper.A. food B. lunch C. breakfast D. dinner3. You looked for it twice, but you haven t found it. Why not try 。A. three times B. a third time C. the third time D. once4. They are thirsty. Will you please give them?Certainly.A. s
14、ome bottles of waters B. some bottles of water C.some bottle of waterD.some bottle of waters5.Mike hurt one ofhisin the accident yesterday.A.toothB. feetC.hand D. ear6.Thereis someon the plate.A.cakesB. meat C.potato D. pears7.The aregoing to flyto Beijing.A.Germen8. Germany9. Germanys D. Germans8.What syourfor being late again?A.idea B. key C. excuse D. news文档内容到此结束,欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有 需要的人。