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1、Para1: 单词: 1. perhaps adv. 可能；也许；=probably=maybe2. modern adj. 现代的；现代化的；3. physics n. 物理学；physical adj. 身体的；物质的；物理学的；modern physics 现代物理学4. numerous adj. 很多的，许多的5. general adj. 总体的；普遍的；整体的n. 将军 generally adv. 通常地；普遍地 generally speaking 一般来说6. theory n. 理论7. relativity n. 相对论；相关性；相对性 relative adj. 相对
2、的；n. 亲戚；relation n. 关系，联系；relate v. 涉及；联系；be related to 与.有关联8. formula n. 公式，方程式；9. genius n. 天才；天赋；天才人物；=talent have a genius for 有的才能10. courageous adj. 勇敢的，无畏的 courage n. 勇气； encourage v. 鼓励；促进 discourage v. 阻拦；使灰心 discouraging adj. 使人气馁/沮丧的discouraged adj. 灰心的，丧气的；气馁的11. figure n. 人物；数字；身材；a gr
3、eat figure 伟大的人物 figure out 弄懂；弄明白短语：1. modern physics 现代物理学2. is often considered one of + the 最高级+可数名词复数 被认为是最的之一3. make numerous contributions to 做出众多贡献 4. the most well-known 最著名的5. men who ever lived有史以来的人6. a courageous and kind figure 一个勇敢而善良的人物7. the general theory of relativity 广义相对论8. Sb.,
4、 who ., is often considered. He/She made numerous contributions to the world, the most well known being the . Edison, who is a legendary figure in human history, is often considered the greatest inventor in the modern world. He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the
5、invention of the electric light.句子：1) Albert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived.2） He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula
6、 E=mc2. 3） Einstein was not only a genius; he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people.Para2: 单词: 1. gentle adj. 文静的；温柔的gently adv. 温柔地；轻轻地；gentleman n. 绅士2. Germany n. 德国（欧洲国家）German adj. 德国（人）的；德语的n. 德国人；德语3. enter v. 进入；参加；开始从事 enter university 进入大学 enter research 开始从事研究 enter the ar
7、my参军 enter politics 从政 entrance n. 入口；进入资格；entrance exam 入学考试4. Switzerland n. 瑞士Swiss adj. 瑞士（人）的n. 瑞士人5. fail v. 失败；没有做，未能做；不及格 failure n. 失败；失败的事/人；没做到；fail to do未能做 failure to do未能做 6. score n. 得分；分数；v. 得分；记分；low scores 低分7. despite prep. 尽管= in spite of despite +名词/动名词 despite the fact that = a
8、lthough/though 8. obtain v. 得到；存在=gain/get/receive9. exceptional adj. 杰出的，非凡的；例外的exceptional scores 优异成绩 except prep. 除了except for 除之外10. maths n. 数学；=mathematics 11. manage v. 管理，经营；安排(时间、金钱等)；设法做到 manager n. 经理；management n. 经营；管理（方式）；manage to do 设法做成某事短语：1. enter university 进入大学2. entrance exam
9、入学考试3. due to 由于；因为=because of =owing to 4. the general part of entrance exam 入学考试的通识部分5. low scores 低分6. exceptional scores 优异成绩7. manage to do 设法做成某事8. study for another year 再学习一年9. pass the exam 通过考试句子：1）When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low cores
10、 in the general part of the entrance exam, despite obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics. 2）After studying for another year, he managed to pass the exam, entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900.Para3: 单词: 1. clerk n. 职员，店员2. patent n. 专利v. 获得专利adj. 有专利的；patent office n. 专利局 ap
11、ply for a patent on. 申请对于的专利 patent applications 专利申请3. while conj. 虽然（位于句首）；当(=when)；与同时（表对比） n. 一会儿 after/for a while4. passion n. 热情；热爱；强烈的情感passionate adj. 热烈的；热情的have a passion for 对的热爱 with passion 热情地 full of passion 充满激情的5. continue v. 持续；继续continuous adj. 连续不断的；6. doctorate n. 博士学位a bachelo
12、rs degree 学士学位a masters degree 硕士学位7. miracle n. 奇迹 miracle year 奇迹年8. publish v. 出版，刊登；发表 9. extraordinary adj. 非同寻常的，非凡的；extraordinary achievements/contributions 非凡的成就/贡献 =remarkable=exceptional=outstanding=excellent=incredible杰出的10. paper n. 纸；报纸；论文；试卷； physics paper 物理论文11. gradually adv. 逐渐地，逐步
13、地 gradual adj. 逐渐的12. quit v. 停止；quit doing 停止做某事13. full-time adj. 全部时间的；专职的；全日制的full-time research 全职研究 14. explanation n. 解释，说明；理由；阐述give explanations for 对于给出解释explain v. 解释；说明的理由短语：1. look for work as a .寻找工作岗位 look for work as a teacher寻找教师的工作岗位2. take a job as a . 做一份工作 take a job as a clerk
14、做一份职员的工作3. patent office n. 专利局4. out of a strong passion for knowledge 出于强烈的求知欲 out of a strong passion for .出于对于的热爱/强烈的欲望 out of . 出于/因为(表达原因) 5. continue to study 继续学习6. earn a doctorate (in.) (在方面)获得博士学位earn a doctorate in physics获得物理学博士学位 7. that/the same year同一年 8. be recorded as 被称为 =be decla
15、red as=be considered as= be acknowledge as=be described as 9. miracle year 奇迹年10. physics paper 物理论文 11. following this/that 在此/那之后 12. become famous throughout the world as 作为在世界闻名become famous as 作为而闻名throughout the world adv. 全世界；举世13. Isaac Newton 艾萨克牛顿14. enter research 开始从事研究enter research ful
16、l-time 开始做全职研究15. sb is awarded +奖项 / 奖项 is awarded to sb for 某人被授予 He was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics. = The 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to him.16. photoelectric effect 光电效应句子：1）While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a do
17、ctorate in physics in 1905. 2）That same year, which was later recorded as a miracle year in science, he published four extraordinary physics papers.Para4: 单词: 1. circumstance n. 条件；环境；情况；under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下 under/in no circumstances 绝不，无论如何都不 =in no way=by no means=in no sense （放在句首要部分
18、倒装）Under no circumstances should we give up our dreams. 在任何情况下，我们都不应放弃我们的梦想。2. Hitler 希特勒3. Jewish adj. 犹太人的Jew n. 犹太人；守财奴4. institution n. 机构；制度；习俗academic institutions 学术机构5. institute n. 机构；协会；研究院 a research institute 研究所6. flee v. 迅速离开；逃离 (flee, fled, fled) flee from 从逃离flee to. 逃到7. position n.
19、 位置；职位；v. 安放；定位；8. researcher n. 研究者；调查员 research=investigation=study n. 研究，调查conduct/carry out a research/investigation/study 开展研究/调查investigate/research/study v. 研究，调查 9. mathematics=maths n. 数学短语：1. come to power （开始）掌权；上台；2. academic institutions 学术机构3. as a consequence 因此，结果 =as a result 4. tak
20、e up a position as a. 担任一个职位 take up 拿起；占据，占用；开始从事；take up a challenge 接受挑战Since Jack took up a position as an editor, he has taken up editing(编辑) articles, which takes up most of his spare time.5. make great achievements (in .) （在）取得了伟大的成就6. the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton 普林斯顿高等研究院普林
21、斯顿高等研究院，简称 IAS，1930年成立于美国新泽西州普林斯顿市，是世界著名理论研究机构，但并不是普林斯顿大学的一部分。它是一个供各领域顶尖学者做最纯粹的尖端研究而不受任何教学任务、科研资金或者赞助商压力限制的研究机构。20世纪，爱因斯坦、冯诺依曼、哥德尔、奥本海默等学者迁往普林斯顿高等研究院之后，它成为世界著名的学术圣地，不少著名学者在这里研究出了一生中最重要的成果。句子：1）Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. 2）After spending time in
22、Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.Para5: 单词: 1. slightly adv. 稍微；slight adj. 轻微的；2. odd adj. 古怪的；odd-looking adj. 相貌奇特的；外表怪异的；3. thick adj. 浓的，茂密的；厚的；稠密的； 4. moustache n. 上唇的胡子5. electric adj. 用电的；electric shock电击electrical adj. 电的
23、；electricity n. 电 6. shock n. 触电；震惊；令人震惊的事；v. 使震惊7. like prep. 像；比如；unlike prep. 不像；v. 喜欢；dislike v. 不喜欢8. peculiarity n. 怪癖；特性；特质；peculiarities n. 古怪；怪癖；peculiar adj. 奇怪的；特殊的peculiarly adv. 异常地；尤其地；古怪地；9. encounter v. 遭遇（困难）；偶遇（某人）=run across=come across=run into encounter problems/difficulties 遇到问
24、题/困难 stand up to difficulties 直面困难encounter with sb/sth 与的相遇/邂逅 When I encounter problems in English, my teacher listens to me patiently and explains them patiently, helping me overcome the difficulties.During his travels, he visited famous mountains and great rivers, encountering different customs
25、and practices.10. occasion n. 机会；时刻；场合；occasional adj. 偶尔的；occasionally adv. 偶尔；偶然11. pardon v.n. 宽恕；原谅；（用于请求别人重复某事）什么，请再说一遍12. mistake n. 错误；v. 搞错；认错 mistake . for .错把认成 be mistaken for.被误认为13. professor n. 教授；profession n. 职业；professional adj. 专业的；职业的；短语：1. to the public 对大众来说2. stand on end 竖立，直立
26、；=stand upright 3. receive/suffer an electric shock 受电击4. as though =as if 好像，似乎 5. ask sb for help with. 请求某人帮助 ask the teacher for help with this question 请老师帮助解决这个问题6. on the street 在街上 7. be mistaken for 被误认为 句子：1）He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as thou
27、gh he had just received an electric shock. 2） There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework. 3） In fact, Einstein often encountered people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things.Para6: 单词: 1. mourn v. 悼念；为失去而悲哀mourn for sb 向某人表达哀悼 mourn the great loss of 哀悼巨大的陨落2. brilliant adj. 聪颖的；技艺高超的；非常好的；短语：1. Its reported that . 据报道2. pass away 去世 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司