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1、Unit 2 Exploring English1.Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English?你有没有问过自己为什么人们学习英语经常会有困难?【词汇精讲】have trouble(in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难/麻烦”,其中的in可以省略。2.If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions,why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same?如果“harmle
2、ss”行为与“harmful”行为相反,为什么“shameless”行为和“shameful”行为是一样的呢?3.You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down,.你也不得不对一种语言的独特疯狂感到好奇,在这种语言中,一所房子在燃烧时会被烧掉【词汇精讲】unique是形容词,意为“独一无二的;独特的”,在句中可作定语或表语。4.You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a la
3、nguage in which a house can burn up as it burns down,.你也不得不对一种语言的独特疯狂感到好奇,在这种语言中,一所房子在燃烧时会被烧掉【词汇精讲】burn up不仅有“烧毁;烧尽”的意思,还有“消耗”的意思。5.English was invented by people,not computers,and it reflects the creativity of the human race.英语是人类发明的,而不是电脑,它反映了人类的创造力。6.And that is why when I wind up my watch,it sta
4、rts,but when I wind up this passage,it ends.那就是为什么我给我的手表上紧发条时它就开始走了,而当我完结了这个故事时,它结束了。【词汇精讲】wind up是固定搭配,意为“给(机械)上发条;使(活动、会议等)结束”,也可表示“摇动(把手等)”。7.I hadnt,until one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger.我没有,直到有一天,我五岁的儿子问我汉堡里有没有火腿。【句式剖析】本句中的I hadnt是主句,until引导时间状语从句,whet
5、her引导宾语从句。其中until是连词,用于肯定句中,常和延续性动词连用,意为“直到为止”,表示该动作或状态的终止时间;用在否定句中,常和非延续性动词连用,意为“直到才”,表示动作的开始时间。【句式拓展】(1)not until引导的时间状语从句置于句首时,主句要用部分倒装语序,即把助动词、情态动词放到主语的前面。(2)强调含有not.until.的句子可用it is/was not until.that.结构,需要注意的是that后面的句子要变为肯定句。(3)当until从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句中含be动词时,从句主语与be动词可一并省略。8.Neither is there pin
6、e nor apple in pineapple.菠萝里既没有松树也没有苹果。【句式剖析】本句是neither.nor.引导的两个句子,句子补全应为Neither is there pine nor is there apple in pineapple.需要注意的是neither.nor连接两个句子时,通常两个句子都要用部分倒装形式。【句式拓展】(1)neither.nor.主要用于否定两者,其意为“既不也不”,用于连接两个性质相同的单词或短语。(2)neither.nor.连接两个成分作主语时,谓语动词通常与靠近的那个主语保持一致。9.While were doing all this t
7、raveling,we can get seasick at sea,airsick in the air and carsick in a car,but we dont get homesick when we get back home.当我们旅行时,我们会晕船、晕机、晕车,但我们回到家里不会想家。【句式剖析】本句是一个复合句。while引导的是时间状语从句,主句是由but连接的并列复合句。while引导时间状语从句时,从句中的谓语动词必须是连系动词或延续性动词。【温馨提示】当while从句中的主语与主句主语一致,且从句含be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be动词。10.That is wh
8、y when the stars are out,they are visible,but when the lights are out,they are invisible.这就是为什么当星星出现时,它们是可见的,但当灯熄灭时,它们是看不见的。【句式剖析】本句是复合句。That is是主句,why引导表语从句。That/This is why.“那/这就是的原因”,why后面跟的是结果。【句式拓展】this/that is because.这/那是因为this is the reason why.这就是的原因the reason why.is that.的原因是(why引导定语从句)the
9、 reason that.is. 的原因是(that引导同位语从句)This is the reason why he wants to join the army.这就是他想参军的原因。11.When you open a dictionary,you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words.12.当你打开字典时,你经常会遇到许多不熟悉的词。a friend that you contact by writing,traditionally using a pen一个你通过书写联系的朋友,传统上是用钢笔13.When we calm someb
10、ody down,they become calm.当我们使某人安静下来时,他们变得安静了。【词汇精讲】calm作动词意为“使平静,使安静”;作形容词意为“平静的,镇静的,沉着的”。14.And sometimes a word is made up of the first letters of several words.有时,一个单词是由几个单词的前几个字母构成的【词汇精讲】句中的be made up of是make up的被动式,表示“由构成的;由组成的”。15.“World Trade Organization” can be referred to as WTO,and ASAP
11、is short for “as soon as possible”.“世界贸易组织”可以被称为WTO,ASAP是“尽可能快”的缩写词。【词汇精讲】refer to意为“查阅;参考;谈到;提及”,是及物动词短语。16.But that doesnt stop them having a friendly argument about which word is the “right” one.但这并不能阻止他们友好地争论哪个词是“正确的”。17.Here are some of our favourites,to remind us that some of the English we le
12、arn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!这里有一些我们最喜欢的东西,来提醒我们,我们在教室里学的英语和外面世界的英语很不一样。【词汇精讲】remind是及物动词,意为“提醒;使记起;使想起”,后可接名词、代词或从句作宾语。18.I was part of a student exchange programme between a university in England and my university in China.我参加了英国的一所大学和我在中国的大学之间的学生交
13、流。【词汇精讲】exchange在句中是名词,表示“(学生、教师的)互访;交换”。19.recognise differences between American English and British English辨别美式英语和英式英语的差异20.Not only can you post specific questions,but you can also broaden your knowledge by reading posts from other English learners around the world.你不仅可以发表一些具体的问题,你还可以通过阅读世界各地其他英语学习者的文章来拓展你的知识。【句式剖析】not only.but also.用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分,着重强调后者,其意为“不但而且”;其中的also有时可以省略。