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1、人教版英人教版英语 必修必修第第三册三册Unit 4 Space ExplorationPeriod 3 Discovering Useful Structure动词不定式作定语和状语教材原教材原句句1.Some scientists were determined to help humans realize their dream to explore space.2.On 12 April 1961,Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.3.First of all,you must be i
2、ntelligent enough to get a related college degree.分析上面的句子:句1和句 2中黑体部分是动词不定式用作_;句3中黑体部分是动词不定式用作_。自我探究定语状语指出下列句子中画线部分所作的句子成分1Can you find a proper person to finish this job in time？2Do you have anything to be taken there?3I hurried to his house,only to find him out.4Hes old enough to make a trip alone
3、.5Do you have anything to do tonight?6In his third year,he left Harvard to work for a company called Microsoft.自我探究1.定语2.定语3.状语4.状语5.定语6.状语一、动词不定式用作定语1.动词不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语,表示尚未发生的动作。Let us give him_让我们给他一些吃的东西。We have much _tonight.今晚我们有很多作业要做。something to eat.homework to do语法研析2.名词前有first,las
4、t,next,only等词以及最高级修饰时,其后要用动词不定式。She was the first woman _in the Olympic Games.她是第一个在奥运会中赢得金牌的女性。to win the gold medal 3.抽象名词attempt,ability,chance,desire,determination,decision,plan,way或不定代词something,nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定语。*But Janis Adkins has the_但是詹尼斯阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。ability and desire to do usefu
5、l work.4.当名词与定语之间存在动宾关系时。I usually have a lot of meetings to attend.我通常有很多会议要参加。She is a nice person to work with.她是一个很好的合作伙伴。5.当名词与定语之间存在主谓关系时。We must find a person to do the job.我们必须找到一个人来做这项工作。We need someone to go and get a doctor.我们需要有人去请医生。1结果状语不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果。常用于下列结构中：only to do;enough to
6、do(足够做);too.to.(太而不能);so/such.as to.(如此以至于)。He hurried to the railway station,only to find the train had left.他匆忙赶到火车站，结果发现火车已经开走了。他累得走不动了【点津】现在分词短语作结果状语常常表示“自然而然、意料之中或顺理成章”的结果。It hasnt rained for a month,making the crops hard to grow.一个月没下雨了导致庄稼很难生长。2目的状语不定式作目的状语主要表示某一动作或状态的目的。常用于下列结构中：only to(仅仅为了
7、);in order to;so.as to;so(such).as to.(如此以便)He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。I come here only to say goodbye to you.我来仅仅是向你告别。【点津点津】1.不定式的复合结构作目的状语,当不定式或不定式短语有自己的执行者时，要用不定式的复合结构,即在不定式或不定式短语之前加 for 名词或宾格代词作状语。He opened the door for the children to come in.他开门让孩子们进来。英语中的目的状语从句，还可
8、以变为不定式或不定式短语作状语，从而使句子在结构上得以简化。可分为两种情况：1当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时，可以直接简化为不定式或不定式短语作状语。Well start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time.Well start early in order to/so as to arrive in time.2当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语不相同时，要用动词不定式的复合结构作状语。I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting.I came early in order for you to read my report before the meeting.人教版英人教版英语 必修必修第第三册三册