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1、SharingUnit 4Period ThreeGrammarReview of phrases达标检测 当堂检测 基础达标演练语法导学 感悟规律 重点难点剖析内容索引感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题1.Ive been dying to have some of my favourite sweets，and its always nice to get mail!2.The mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!3.Tombes father，Mukap，a man
2、with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead，led us to his house.4.He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau(sweet potato)，ripe corn，and greens.语法感知语 法 导 学感悟规律 重点难点剖析5.Later，I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire.6.My muscles were aching and my knees shaki
3、ng as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home.1.以上句子中，句以上句子中，句1中中的的 和和句句3中中的的 ，和和句句4中中的的 为为名词短语，名词短语，作作 语语。2.句句2中中的的 和和句句5中中的的，和和句句6中中的的 ，为为介词短语，介词短语，作作 语语。3.句句3中中的的 为为动词短语，动词短语，作作 语语。4.句句5中中的的 为为副词短语，副词短语，作作 语语。5.句句1中中的的 为为形容词短语，形容词短语，作作 语语。my favourite sweetsa strong jawa wrinkled fore
4、headripe corn宾宾out of the test tubeon the grillover the firedown the mountaintowards homeled us toupside downdying to have状状谓谓状状表表英英语语中中的的短短语语是是有有一一定定意意义义但但不不构构成成独独立立从从句句或或句句子子的的一一组组词词。从从形形式式角角度度划划分分，英英语语的的短短语语可可分分为为名名词词短短语语、动动词词短短语语、形形容容词词短短语语、副副词词短短语语、介介词词短短语语等等。英英语语短短语语的的句句法法功功能能通通常常与与对对应应的的单单词词的
5、的句句法法功功能能类类似似，比比如如，名名词词短短语语与与名名词词功功能能相相似似，在在句句中中主主要要充充当当主主语语、宾宾语语；介介词词短语主要充当定语、状语、补语。例如：短语主要充当定语、状语、补语。例如：He failed to get the first prize in the match.在这个句子中在这个句子中the first prize是名词短语，是名词短语，in the match是介词短语是介词短语。语法精析短短语语动动词词(phrasal verbs)是是一一种种固固定定的的词词组组，通通常常以以动动词词为为中中心心，由由动动词词加加副副词词或或介介词词构构成成。英英
6、语语中中大大量量短短语语动动词词难难以以从从字字面面意意义义上上来来判判定定其其释释义义，很很多多时时候候应应根根据据具具体体语语境境判判断断它它们们的的意意义义。有有的的短短语语动动词词相相当当于于及及物物动动词词，有的则相当于不及物动词有的则相当于不及物动词。1.短语动词的构成短语动词的构成(1)动词副词动词副词clear away清除掉清除掉put away收起收起die away消失消失call back回电话回电话look back回顾回顾 walk back走回走回break down出故障出故障calm down平静下来平静下来get down咽下咽下come up上来上来blo
7、w up爆炸爆炸turn up出现出现show off炫耀炫耀give off散发散发take off脱下脱下break out发生发生blow out吹灭吹灭run out 用完用完Traditionally，college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their new life journey.传统上，大学生在开始他们新的人生旅途之前会举行毕业典礼来鼓励自己。传统上，大学生在开始他们新的人生旅途之前会举行毕业典礼来鼓励自己。Old-fashioned
8、phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.无线网络在灾难中瘫痪的时候，老式电话起到重要作用无线网络在灾难中瘫痪的时候，老式电话起到重要作用。名名师师点点津津“动动词词副副词词”搭搭配配构构成成的的短短语语，其其宾宾语语若若为为代代词词，应应放放在在动动词词与副词中间。如与副词中间。如put it on，think it over。(2)动词介词动词介词bring about引起引起look about 环顾四周环顾四周seek for寻找寻找burst into 闯入闯入turn into使变成使变成look in
9、to调查调查see to处理处理devote to贡献给贡献给deal with处理处理glance at匆匆匆匆一一瞥瞥work at从从事事，致致力力于于aim at向向瞄瞄准准differ from与与不不同同result from由于由于insist on坚持坚持rely on依靠依靠bring in引进引进hope for希望希望得到得到combine with联合联合lead to导致，通向导致，通向set about着手着手Im so glad youve come here to see to this matter in person.我很高兴你亲自来这里处理此事。我很高兴你
10、亲自来这里处理此事。You look well.The air and the seafood in Sanya must agree with you，I suppose.你气色很好，我想三亚的空气和海鲜肯定适合你你气色很好，我想三亚的空气和海鲜肯定适合你。(3)动词副词介词动词副词介词add up to总总计计keep away from不不靠靠近近look down on轻轻视视keep up with赶赶上上make up for弥弥补补get on with相相处处get close to接接近近get out of逃逃避避，避避免免do away with废废除除do well i
11、n在在干干得得好好put up with忍忍受受catch up with赶赶上上look up to仰仰望望，尊尊敬敬run out of用用完完look forward to期期望望go on with继继续续get down to认认真真开开始始break away from脱离，放弃脱离，放弃He will have to find some other work，for he cant put up with this loud noise any more.他必须找其他工作，因为他再也无法忍受这么大的噪音他必须找其他工作，因为他再也无法忍受这么大的噪音。A good speaker
12、 is supposed to manage to get across to the listeners what he means.一个好的演讲者应该让听众明白他所表达的意思一个好的演讲者应该让听众明白他所表达的意思。(4)动词名词介词动词名词介词catch sight of看看见见，瞥瞥见见make use of利利用用pay attention to注注意意make sense of理理解解take notice of注注意意到到take the place of代代替替take part in参参加加take pride in为为自自豪豪take advantage of利利用用ma
13、ke room for为为腾腾出出空空间间keep up with与与保持联系保持联系James took the magazines off the little table to make room for the television.为给电视机腾出空间，詹姆斯把杂志从这张小桌子上拿走了。为给电视机腾出空间，詹姆斯把杂志从这张小桌子上拿走了。2.介词与其他词类的常见搭配介词与其他词类的常见搭配(1)形容词与介词的固定搭配形容词与介词的固定搭配形容词形容词atangry，mad，good，bad，clever，surprised，excited，disappointed等等形容词形容词of
14、afraid，frightened，ashamed，aware，convinced，short，sick，tired，sure，certain，full，fond，proud，worthy等等形容词形容词withangry，connected，content，familiar，generous，gentle，patient，pleased，popular，satisfied，strict等等形容词形容词inweak，different，rich，interested，successful，absorbed，disappointed，experienced，confident等等形容词形容词to
15、good，polite，kind，cruel，rude，close，similar，familiar等等形容词形容词forsorry，famous，fit，unfit，eager，anxious，hungry，responsible等等形容词形容词aboutsorry，anxious，careless，certain，curious，enthusiastic，particular，optimistic等等(2)名词与介词的固定搭配名词与介词的固定搭配名词名词tokey，answer，visit，apology，introduction，attitude，monument，devotion等等名
16、词名词ininterest，expert等等名词名词oncongratulations，effect等等(3)动词与介词的固定搭配动词与介词的固定搭配动词动词aboutspeak，talk，think，worry等等动词动词foranswer，call，apply，beg，care，charge，hunt，hope，wish，long，search，seek等等动词动词ataim，call，glare，glance，knock，laugh，point，stare等等动词动词fromdate，differ，hear，keep，stop，prevent，learn，protect，result，s
17、eparate，suffer等等动词动词ofapprove，complain，consist，die，dream，think等等动词动词oncall，carry，depend，feed，insist，pass，try，rely等等动词动词inbreak，call，cut，drop，fill，get，hand，join，persist，result，succeed等等动词动词intoburst，change，divide等等动词动词toagree，attend，belong，compare，devote，lead，object，point，refer，reply等等3.短语动词使用时须注意的几点
18、短语动词使用时须注意的几点(1)在在短短语语动动词词中中，副副词词可可以以放放在在动动词词宾宾语语前前或或后后。但但是是如如果果宾宾语语是是代代词词，则则应放在动词和副词之间。应放在动词和副词之间。The young lovers have been trying to put some money aside for their marriage ceremony.这对年轻的恋人一直努力存钱以备举行婚礼时用。这对年轻的恋人一直努力存钱以备举行婚礼时用。He has put aside a little money for a rainy day.他存了一点钱以备不时之需。他存了一点钱以备不时
19、之需。When you do not understand a new word，you can look it up in this dictionary.当你不理解新单词的时候，你可以查字典当你不理解新单词的时候，你可以查字典。This method is very new and you can try it out to solve the hard problem.这种方法相当新，你可以试着用它去解决那个难题这种方法相当新，你可以试着用它去解决那个难题。(2)在带有介词的短语动词中，介词的宾语总是紧随其后的。在带有介词的短语动词中，介词的宾语总是紧随其后的。We have broug
20、ht in a good harvest for three years.我们已经连续三年获得了丰收。我们已经连续三年获得了丰收。Weve just come across an old friend we havent seen for ages.我们刚碰到了一位多年不见的老朋友。我们刚碰到了一位多年不见的老朋友。Please keep away from the scene of the accident before the police come.在警察来之前，请远离事故现场。在警察来之前，请远离事故现场。The manager expects everyone to get down
21、 to his work after the national holiday.经理要求大家国庆假期之后开始专心工作经理要求大家国庆假期之后开始专心工作。(3)有些短语动词后并不需要跟宾语，这时它们相当于不及物动词。如：有些短语动词后并不需要跟宾语，这时它们相当于不及物动词。如：Mr Wangs new car broke down and he had to go to work by bike again.王先生的新汽车坏了，他不得不又骑自行车去上班。王先生的新汽车坏了，他不得不又骑自行车去上班。The crowd broke up after the football games.足球比
22、赛结束后，人们四处散开足球比赛结束后，人们四处散开。(4)同一动词，后面跟不同的副词或介词构成意思不同的短语动词。如：同一动词，后面跟不同的副词或介词构成意思不同的短语动词。如：break down坏坏了了；出出故故障障break up拆拆散散；解解体体；驱驱散散break in闯闯入入；插插话话break off忽然停止讲话；断绝忽然停止讲话；断绝break out爆发；逃出爆发；逃出break through冲破；突破；冲破；突破；战胜战胜不同的动词，后面跟上相同的副词或介词构成意思不同的短语。如：不同的动词，后面跟上相同的副词或介词构成意思不同的短语。如：make up组成；构成；弥补；
23、编造；化妆组成；构成；弥补；编造；化妆show up出席；露面；揭露出席；露面；揭露hold up举起来；阻塞；耽搁；抑制感情举起来；阻塞；耽搁；抑制感情set up创立；建立；树立；资助创立；建立；树立；资助put up提出；举起；建造提出；举起；建造take up拿起；举起；开始拿起；举起；开始(某某)活动活动(5)一些短语动词，具有多种释义，需要根据全句语境对它们作出恰当理解。一些短语动词，具有多种释义，需要根据全句语境对它们作出恰当理解。如：如：Hurry up，children！The plane will take off very soon.(起飞起飞)After enterin
24、g the room，he took off his coat.(脱下脱下)The boss told him that he would take two weeks off in November.(休假休假)The woman broke down when someone told her that her mother was dead.(崩崩溃溃)Interrupted by hackers，the computer system of that company has broken down.(瘫痪瘫痪)Negotiations(谈判谈判)between the boss and
25、 workers have broken down.(失败失败)4.短语的句法功能须注意的几点短语的句法功能须注意的几点(1)介词短语作定语时要后置介词短语作定语时要后置The boy under the tree is Tom.树下的那个男孩是汤姆。树下的那个男孩是汤姆。The tallest boy in our class is John.我们班最高的那个男孩是约翰。我们班最高的那个男孩是约翰。(2)单单个个形形容容词词作作定定语语一一般般放放在在所所修修饰饰词词之之前前，而而形形容容词词短短语语作作定定语语一一般般放放在在所修饰词之后。所修饰词之后。A car worth$80,000
26、 is not too dear for him to buy.对他来讲，买一辆价值八万美元的车不算太贵。对他来讲，买一辆价值八万美元的车不算太贵。At three，she was taller than playmates seven or eight years old.她她三三岁岁时时已已高高于一些七八岁的于一些七八岁的玩伴。玩伴。The Smiths need a car garage twice larger than this one.史密斯夫妇需要一个比这个大两倍的车库。史密斯夫妇需要一个比这个大两倍的车库。He has booked the seats farthest fro
27、m the door on the train for us.他已经为我们预订了火车上离车门最远的座位。他已经为我们预订了火车上离车门最远的座位。5.短语动词的被动语态短语动词的被动语态短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉它后面搭配的介词或副词。短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉它后面搭配的介词或副词。It is said that a new railway station will be set up in my hometown.据说一个新的火车站将在我的家乡建起来。据说一个新的火车站将在我的家乡建起来。The baby is being taken care of by his grandmothe
28、r.这个婴儿正由他祖母照顾。这个婴儿正由他祖母照顾。Such a strange story has never been heard of.这样奇怪的事情还从没有听说过。这样奇怪的事情还从没有听说过。返 回.请写出下列画线短语的类型及所充当的成分请写出下列画线短语的类型及所充当的成分达 标 检 测当堂检测 基础达标演练1.He could only understand a word here and there._2.Dont fall for(Dont be attracted by)her beauty._3.In spite of the difficulties，we went o
29、n with our work._4.We need to build a factory twice larger than this one._副词短语作状语副词短语作状语名词短语作宾语名词短语作宾语介词短语作状语介词短语作状语形容词短语作后置定语形容词短语作后置定语5.She carried a basket full of eggs to visit her grandmother._6.New office buildings are going up/are built everywhere._7.The letter on the desk is for Mr Wu，our de
30、partment manager._8.He was so hungry that he finished off everything on the table._9.He has been working here as an assistant to chairman for ten years._10.We found everything in the lab in good order before doing experiment._形容词短语作后置定语形容词短语作后置定语名词短语作主语名词短语作主语介词短语作后置定语介词短语作后置定语动词短语作谓语动词短语作谓语介词短语作状语介
31、词短语作状语介词短语作后置定语介词短语作后置定语.语法填空语法填空(以介词为主以介词为主)My husband and I were paying a visit to my parents 11.Tucson.We went to a fast-food restaurant 12.dinner together.My husband went to the counter to order dishes and I stood 13.my parents.My dad is 90 years old.He can hardly see very well and walks with a
32、stick.I was scanning the restaurant，waiting to sit 14.the first table that was more convenient than others.A woman who was sitting with her son made eye contact with me and asked me to come to her.15.a puzzled look 16._my face，I pointed to myself and said，“Me？”She nodded and said，“Yes，you.”I walked
33、to the table and said，“Bring your family here.inforwithatWithon I can finish eating 17.the counter.My son is 18.a hurry to leave anyway.”My eyes were filled with tears as she wiped down the table and guided my dad to the seat.I always believe that there are naturally kind people 19.this world.This woman has set a good example 20.her son，who is a really lucky guy.atininfor返 回本课结束