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1、Unit 1 Past and present 第4课时 writing八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）知识精讲How to write an article about the change of hometownWriting articles about changes in hometown can let readers understand and love their hometown. We should mainly use the comparative method: that is, hometownCompare the past with the prese
2、nt. We should start writing from the following aspects:1. Changes in the environment of the hometown in the past and now;2. Changes in traffic in the past and present compared with that in the hometown;3. Changes in peoples living standards and others.Comparison(对比说明文)First Three parts: 1.Introducti
3、on(介绍):topic 2.Main body(主体): Environment, Life,Transport 3.Conclusion(结论):opinionSecond What tense should we use?Third Think of some useful words and expressions.能力拓展今年上映的大型纪录片厉害了！我的国展现了我国近几年来各个领域的巨大变化和取得的伟大成就。请你以“Amazing China！”为题，从中学生的角度介绍你身边的变化。写作要求：1.表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；2.词数：80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；3.文
4、中不得出现真实的姓名，校名和地名。参考词汇：free breakfast, shared-bikes（共享单车），high-speed train（高铁）， subway（地铁）， Wechat Pay（微信支付）， community service（社区服务），life qualityAmazing！China！Im very proud of my country-China, especially after watching the documentary Amazing! China. Actually, our life has changed a lot in recent y
5、ears. _ _【答案】Amazing! China!Im very proud of my countryChina, especially after watching the documentary Amazing! China!. Actually, our life has changed a lot in recent years.First, there are some shared-bikes around us. Theyre very helpful and convenient for us to travel to places not too far away f
6、rom our home.Secondly, lots of restaurants offer the old and disabled people free breakfast. Besides, the government provide textbooks, meals for all the primary and junior middle school students for free. The old people over sixty ages can get some money from the government every month to feed them
7、selves.Thirdly, you can see high-speed trains, subways and high-speed roads everywhere in China. It shows China is developing fastest in the world.Whats more, WeChat Pay is widely used in cities, towns and villages. The Chinese people of all ages can use their smart phones to shop online, watch the
8、latest movies. Lots of foreigners can hardly believe their eyes.Finally, all kinds of community services are good for Chinese people, including medical, educational and other parts of our life. All these mean we are improving our life quality.How amazing China is! Were proud of our country!【详解】这是一篇话
9、题作文，话题是“Amazing China！”。本文人称主要是第三人称，时态主要是一般现在时。认为阅读材料，认真审题，确定主题，根据主题和所给提示列出本文的提纲，根据主题可适当发挥。短文必须包含提示内容，条理清楚，字数80词左右。要运用合适的连接词或过渡词，使文章具有连贯性，注意表达的顺序。写完以后，注意再读一遍，看看有无单词拼写、标点、语法错误（时态、主谓一致等）。本文提纲：厉害了！中国！我为我的祖国中国感到骄傲，尤其是在看了这部纪录片之后！中国！事实上，近年来我们的生活发生了很大的变化。首先，我们周围有一些共享单车。它们对我们来说很有帮助，也很方便去离家不远的地方旅行。第二，许多餐馆为老年
10、人和残疾人提供免费早餐。此外，政府还免费为所有中小学生提供教科书、食物。60岁以上的老人每月可以从政府那里领到一些钱来养活自己。第三，在中国到处都可以看到高速列车、地铁和高速公路。这表明中国在世界上发展最快。此外，微信支付在城市、城镇和农村中得到了广泛的应用。所有年龄段的中国人都可以用他们的智能手机上网购物，看最新的电影。很多外国人简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。最后，各种社区服务对中国人民都是有益的，包括医疗、教育和我们生活的其他部分。所有这些都意味着我们正在提高生活质量。中国是多么厉害啊！我们为我们的国家感到骄傲！【点睛】书面表达要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达
11、意思的能力。考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。语言要规范，时态运用要正确，叙述清楚条里，信息表达清晰、完整，意思连贯。要学以致用。像First, Secondly, Thirdly, Finally表示顺序的词，使文章表达更清楚条里。（1）学习中注意总结，牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章的表达更有逻辑性，更富有条理。（2）列好提纲和要点及需要的重要短语或句型。（3）切忌堆砌词语、句子，注意运用适当的连词使句子流畅、连贯。注意表达的顺序。 （4）注意书写的规范：大小写、标点符号等的正确运用。 （5）
12、注意检查：单词拼写、语法、动词时态、语序、主谓一致等。写作六步法：1.审题：文体，时态，人称。2.抓住要点：要点是否齐全，适当补充。3.扩充句子：通过增加状语，定语，连词，使句子意思饱满充实。4.连句成文，合理使用连词。5.改正错误：拼写是否错误，语法时态是否正确，连词是否恰当等。6.誊写作文：注意书写工整美观整洁。分层提分题组A 基础过关练A假设你是李华，上个月你回到了家乡，发现变化很大。请根据以下提示写一篇题为“Changes in My Hometown”的短文。提示如下：1.我的家乡过去是个安静的小镇，山清水秀，空气清新。人们骑自行车或步行出行。2.现在我的家乡已变成一个现代化的城镇，
13、已建起座座高楼，处处可见宽阔的马路。我们住的小区门口有许多公交车经过，很多人都已买了私家车，出行很方便。3.但是，家乡的变化也给我们带来了许多麻烦，例如：4.你的想法是：Changes in My HometownWhen I returned to my hometown last month, I found it changed a lot. _【答案】Changes in My HometownWhen I returned to my hometown last month, I found it had changed a lot.My hometown used to be a
14、quiet small town. There were green hills and clean water. The air was fresh. People went around by bike or on foot. But now it has become a modern town. There are many tall buildings and you can see wide roads everywhere. Many buses drive past our community every day. And many people have bought the
15、ir own cars, so its easy to travel around. However, the changes in my hometown have also brought us a lot of trouble. For example, the water is not as clean as before. I think we should work together to make our environment much better.【详解】1.题干解读：这是描写“家乡变化”为话题的写作，结合话题内容，要求介绍家乡的变化。2.写作指导：根据内容可能会用到过去时
16、态（used to do 过去常常）和一般现在时。要把家乡过去的状况与现在的变化有条理地表达出来，注意一些常见句式的应用，注意把握时态与人称。还要注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系，最后注意要表达自己的观点和想法。B请你写一篇作文，描述你的家乡近几十年的变化。请从马路、住房条件、交通设施等方面进行描述。词数80左右。内容提示：1.过去，我的家乡是一个贫穷的小镇，道路又窄又脏，到处都是垃圾，人们住在又旧又小的平房里，出行只能靠步行或骑骑行车；2.然而，在过去的三十年中，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化，马路已经变得宽阔整洁，道路两边高楼林立，大多数人已搬进了社区，住进了现代化的公寓，出行坐公交车或打出租车，很多
17、人买了小汽车。_【答案】My hometown used to be a poor and small town. The roads were narrow and dirty. There was rubbish everywhere. People lived in old and small houses. They could only travel on foot or by bike.However, great changes have taken place in the past thirty years. The roads have become wide and cl
18、ean with tall buildings on both sides. Most people have moved into the community and have lived in modern flats. Now they can go round by bus or taxi, and many people have their own cars.【详解】1.题干解读：该题目属于材料作文写作，要求按照所给的要点提示写一篇短文，描述我的家乡近几十年的变化。注意写作时要点要齐全，同时也可进行合理而又紧扣主题的发挥。2.写作指导：本文应该用第三人称来叙述；时态采用一般过去时和
19、现在完成时；写作时，注意承接上文，根据要点提示具体描述我的家乡近几十年在马路、住房条件、交通设施等方面的变化；文中一定要包含题干中列出的所有要点；可以运用一些短语和常用句型为文章增添色彩；注意单词书写的准确度，语法运用的准确度，上下文注意连接的流畅度，以及逻辑合理。C假设你是林涛，上个月回到了家乡，发现家乡变化很大。请根据以下提示写一篇题为Changes in My Hometown的短文，词数100左右，提示如下：1我的家乡过去是个安静的小镇，山清水秀，空气清新。人们骑自行车或走路出行；2现在已变成了现代化城镇，建起座座高楼，有很多宽阔的马路。我们住的小区门口有许多公交车经过，很多人都已买了
20、私家车，出行很方便；3但是，这些变化也给我们带来了许多问题，例如：4我的想法是Changes in My Hometown_【答案】Im Lin Tao.Last month I went back to my hometown.Great changes have taken place in my hometown. My hometown used to be a quiet small town There were green hills and clean water. The air was fresh. People went around by bike or on foot
21、. But now it has become a modern town. There are many tall buildings and you can see wide roads everywhere. Many buses drive past our community every day. And many people have bought their own cars,so its easy to travel around. However,the changes of my hometown have also brought us a lot of trouble
22、. For example,the water is not as clean as before. I think we should work together to make our environment much better.【详解】这是一篇给材料作文。假设你是林涛，上个月回到了家乡，发现家乡变化很大。要求以Changes in My Hometown为题，根据提示材料写一篇短文。首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思要连贯，符合逻辑关系；要层次清楚，要点分明，中心
23、突出。同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。题组B 培优拔尖练请根据以下内容提示，写一篇题目为“Saving the Environment”的英语短文。要点：1.在过去的几年里我们国家变化很大。带来了不少收益，但是也导致了很多严重的问题。2.空气污染空气不清新水污染人们把废水倒进河流和湖泊里，水变脏噪音污染一些人只能从城市搬走乱伐树木，乱扔垃圾等3.提出自己的合理化建议（至少2条）。要求：1.包括
24、以上要点，不需要逐句翻译，可适当发挥；2.表达清楚，语法正确；3.词数80左右。_【答案】Saving the EnvironmentGreat changes have taken place in many places during the past few years. The changes have brought many benefits, and have also caused a lot of serious problems.There is air pollution everywhere. Factories let out their waste gas with
25、out doing anything to it. The air is not clean any more. Some people pour the waste water into the rivers and lakes directly and the water is dirty now. Besides, people cut down too many trees and leave rubbish here and there.What shall we do to save the environment? My suggestion is that we must stop people from dumping the waste into the air and the water. And also we should plant more trees. Everyone should do something to protect the environment.【解析】【详解】文章的主要的框架已经给出来了，考生要在两个大要点的提示之下进行扩充，；人们的环境保护意识淡薄等；在个人观点方面要呼吁加强环境保护方面的教育，加强立法。个人做法方面力求从小事做起，关注身边的污染行为并与之做斗争。写作的时候要注意使用高级的词汇和句型，给文章添加文采。