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1、Unit 2Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures新 课 导 入观察下列句子并说出动词-ing 形式在句子中所充当的成分。1.Working hard at your lessons,you will succeed.2.They kept us waiting them over two hours yesterday.adverbial(状语)object complement(宾语补足语)新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标1）能理解动词-ing形式作状语和宾语补足语的功能及意义。2）能正确运用动词-ing形式描述人物的行为、动作、生活经
2、历等。新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标课 堂 学 习Read the sentences below and discuss the function and meaning of each-ing form.1.her brother complained,thinking of the high tuition fees.2.Thinking of all the people still in need of help,Dr Lin opened a private clinic.3.The new Peoples Republic of China saw Dr Lin
3、 Qiaozhi playing a key role.The-ing form as the adverbial.The-ing form as the adverbial.The-ing form as the object complement.新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标Find more examples from the unit which contain the-ing form of the verb and are used as an object complement or adverbial.1.To a person nothing is mor
4、e precious than their life,and if they entrust me with that life,how could I refuse that trust,saying Im cold,hungry,or tired?2.At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.3.Though Lin Qiaozhi never married,she was known as the mother of ten thousand babies
5、,having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.adverbialobject complementadverbial新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标现在分词作宾语补足语和状语现在分词作宾语补足语和状语一、一、现在分词作宾语补足语现在分词作宾语补足语现在分词作宾补，表示宾语与作宾补的动词之间是主动关系。1.动词的宾语补足语动词的宾语补足语 位于感官动词后：如see,hear，feel，smell，watch，find，listen to,look at,notice,observe 等。She felt anger ar
6、ising in her heart.她感到心中涌起股怒气。He observed a stranger hanging around the store.他看到一个陌生人在商店附近闲逛。Grammar新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标 位于其他动词后：如set，keep，have，get，leave，catch 等。His question has set me thinking.他的问题引起我深思。She kept me waiting for over twenty minutes.她让我等了20多分钟。【注意】现在分词作宾补，表示动作正在进行；动词原形作宾补，则表示动作的
7、全过程。试比较：I saw him getting out of the car.我看见他正下车。I saw him get out of the car.我看见他下车了。新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标2.with 复合结构复合结构 在with 复合结构中，如果宾语发出动作，且表示动作持续或进行，则用现在分词作宾补。I wont be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.因为妈妈生病，我无法去度假。【注意】在with 复合结构中，动词不定式作宾补虽然也表示宾语发出动作，但是表示动作将要发生。With so many p
8、eople to help us,we are sure to finish it in time.有这么多人帮忙，我们一定能及时完成。新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标二、二、现在分词作状语现在分词作状语动词-ing形式作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子,表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明等。1.表示时间表示时间动词-ing形式作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句。Speaking of all the books she has written,I think this is probably the best-known one.(=When I s
9、peak of.)谈到她所写的所有书,我认为这可能是最出名的一个。While seeing the performance,she nodded from time to time.(=While she was seeing the performance.)她观看表演的时候不停地点头。新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标2.表示原因表示原因表示原因的动词-ing形式一般置于句首,相当于一个原因状语从句。Being busy,he didnt go to the concert yesterday.(=Because he was busy.)他很忙,昨天没去听音乐会。Havin
10、g lived in Jinan for years,I almost know every place quite well.(=Because I have lived.)在济南住过多年,我几乎对每个地方都很熟悉。Not realizing that he was in great danger,Eric walked deeper into the forest.(=Since he did not realize that.)由于没有意识到身处险境,埃里克一步步向森林深处走去。新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标3.表示结果表示结果动词-ing形式作状语表示结果,可扩展为一
11、个含有并列谓语的简单句。The fire lasted nearly a month,leaving nothing valuable.(=.and left nothing valuable)大火持续了近一个月,几乎没剩下什么有价值的东西。China has a population of 1.3 billion,making it the largest country in the world by population.(=.and makes it.)中国有13亿人口,这使得她成了世界上人口最多的国家。4.表示条件表示条件动词-ing形式作条件状语,相当于一个条件状语从句。Openi
12、ng the window,you will see the garden below.(=If you open the window)打开窗户,你就能看见下面的花园。新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标5.表示让步表示让步动词-ing形式作让步状语,相当于一个让步状语从句。Admitting what you say,I still think you are wrong.(=Though I admit what you say.)虽然承认你所说的话,但我仍然认为你错了。6.表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明动词-ing形式表示行为方式、伴随情况
13、或补充说明,常置于句末,可以扩展成一个并列成分。He was walking along the street,looking this way and that.他左顾右盼地在街上走着。(=and looked this way and that)Some girls sat there laughing and chatting.几个女孩在那边坐着,又说又笑。He was busy writing a story,only stopping once in a while to smoke a cigarette.他正忙于写故事,只是偶尔停下来抽根烟。新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目
14、标学习目标7.修饰形容词修饰形容词有少数动词-ing形式常放在某些形容词前面,起副词的作用,意思是“极”或“非常”,表示其程度或状态。It was freezing/biting cold that day.那天天气很冷。The weather has been burning/steaming hot this week.这周的天气极热。8.动词动词-ing形式作插入语形式作插入语动词-ing形式可在句中作独立成分,表明说话人的态度。Properly speaking,a whale is not a fish.准确地说,鲸并非鱼类。Generally speaking,Chinese pr
15、efer tea to coffee.一般说来,中国人爱喝茶而不爱喝咖啡。Judging from this fact,he must be an honest man.从这一事实判断,他必是一个诚实的人。新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.feel want face smile return worry hear kock1._ that his wife had been injured in an accident,Mr.Johnson
16、 hurried to the hospital.2.During the operation,she sat in the waiting room for over an hour _ about him.3.I saw her whispering something into his ear,obviously not _ to be heard.4.He suddenly woke up at midnight when he heard someone _ at his door.Hearingworryingwantingknocking新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学
17、习目标5._ higher import and export costs,the company is looking for ways to survive.6._ from the North Pole,the traveler wrote a book about his experience and had it published the following year.7.The child lay on her mothers lap,_ sweetly.8._ hurt by the rejection,she bit her lip and quietly walked aw
18、ay.FacingReturningsmilingFeelingfeel want face smile return worry hear kock新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标Read the following story and rewrite the underlined parts using the-ing form.Henry Norman Bethune was a Canadian doctor with a very creative mind and a determination to help people.As a small boy,he be
19、came very interested in medicine and decided to become a doctor.After he graduated from medical college in 1916,Bethune worked as a doctor in England,the US,and Canada.He reinvented or redesigned over 10 medical instruments to make them more useful.In 1938,Bethune left for China,after he heard that
20、many people were dying in the war.,deciding to become a doctorafter hearing that many people were dying in the war新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标Despite the difficult situation,Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people.He helped to organise hospitals,taught doctors and nurses,and showed
21、 people how to give first aid.Sadly.Dr Bethune passed away in November the following year and was buried in Shijiazhuang.After Dr Bethunes death,Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of him,in which he praised Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China.Helping to organise hospitals,he t
22、aught doctors and nurses,and showed people how to give first aid.ORHe helped to organise hospitals,teaching doctors and nurses,and showing people how to give first aid.praising Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China.新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标Key points1.operation n.手术；企业；经营Eg.The doctor bent o
23、ver to perform an operation on the patient.医生俯身给病人做手术。Many private galleries are in operation,with many more opening each year.很多私人画廊在经营，每年也会有很多新的画廊开业。【归纳拓展】perform an operation(on sb.)（给某人）做手术 in operation 工作中；有效 put sth.into operation 实施 a rescue operation 营救行动 safe operation 安全操作 operate vi.运转；动手
24、术 vt.操作operate on.给做手术 operator n.操作员，经营者operating adj.操作的，外科手术的新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标即学即练 单句语法填空1.The nurse tended the boy so carefully that he recovered from his heart _(operate)soon.2.The operation _ the old man will be carried out on schedule.3.The new rules will be _ operation soon.operationo
25、nin新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标2.whisper vi.&vt.悄声说；耳语；低语 n.耳语（声）；低语（声）；传言；谣传Eg.She is whispering a story to her daughter.她低声地给女儿讲着故事。Jane whispered the secret in my ear.简把秘密悄悄地告诉了我。It is whispered that he is heavily in debt.据传闻他负债累累。They were talking in whispers.他们在悄悄地谈话。【归纳拓展】whisper sth.to sb.把某事悄悄告诉
26、某人It is whispered that.有人私下说 whisper sth.in ones ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事 in a whisper/in whispers 低声地新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标即学即练 单句语法填空1.In the wedding ceremony，Jack whispered _ her so that no one else would hear.2.It _(whisper)that he shouldnt serve as an experiment volunteer although he is eager to learn
27、science.3.The baby is sleeping.Youd better speak _ a whisper.tois whisperedin新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标【句式分析】本句中的had it published是have sth.done 结构，表示“让某事被做”，过去分词作宾补，宾语和动词之间是被动关系。have sth.done:让某事被做（可能是主语自己做，也可能是让别人做）；遭遇/经历某种不幸的事e.g.The patient is going to have his temperature taken.这个病人要量体温。He had his
28、 right leg injured during the training.他在训练中把右腿弄伤了。【教材原句】.the traveller wrote a book about his experience and had it published the following year.这名旅行者写了一本关于他的经历的书，并在第二年出版。新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标【归纳拓展】have sth.done=get sth.done 使某事被做have sb.do sth.=make sb.do sth.让某人做某事have sth.to do 有某事要做（动词不定式作后置
29、定语）have sb.doing sth.容忍某人做某事（用于否定句中,多放于wont,cant 后）即学即练 单句语法填空1.Before driving into the city,you are required to have your car _(wash).2.The waitress had the water _(run)even when she didnt use it.3.When passing by the house,he had his leg _(bite)by a big dog.washedrunningbitten新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学
30、习目标【归纳拓展】whatever 可以引导名词性从句，即宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句和同位语从句。在句中充当宾语、表语、主语和同位语，相当于anything that。Eg.Whatever requests you make will be granted.你提的任何请求都会得到许可。（主语从句）She applied whatever strength she had left to the task.她将所有剩下的精力都用到这项任务上。（宾语从句）【教材原句】Despite the difficult situation,Dr Bethune did whatever he could
31、 to assist the Chinese people.尽管情况困难，但白求恩大夫还是尽其所能帮助中国人民。【句式分析】despite the difficult situation 是介词短语作状语，whatever he could 是whatever引导的宾语从句。新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标 whatever 还可以引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what。e.g.Whatever happens,you know that Ill stand by you.=No matter what happens,you know that Ill stan
32、d by you.你知道无论发生什么，我都会支持你。即学即练 单句语法填空1._ happens in the future,the sweet memories will never fade away.2.In order not to waste our precious time,well eat at _ restaurant has a free table.3._ you do it,you will find it a difficult task.WhateverwhicheverHowever新知讲授新知讲授课堂总结课堂总结学习目标学习目标Now,can you tell us the use and function of-ing form as adverbial and object complement?