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1、 1/5 七选五高考真题全方位解析+二次开发(教师版)2020 年新高考年新高考 I 卷卷 文本分析 体裁 说明文 梗概 主要介绍了要成为优秀演讲者应掌握的 4 个原则。本文有助于学生丰富自我、完善自我。结构 文章是总分结构，第一段是总括段，告诉你文章主题是“成为优秀演讲者需掌握的原则”。随后的四段话对应的就是四个不同的原则。1.原则一：把注意力放在演讲上，而不是公众，用演讲把自己和观众融合起来。2.原则二：不要在意演讲出错，除了你自己，没有人在意。3.原则三：熟能生巧，做一个有效的演讲者需要不断的练习。4.原则四：把演讲做的比预期短一些。GSome individuals Gare born
2、 with Ga gift for public speaking.36.Do you want to be a good public speaker?Here are some principles you must master.n.规范；原则规范；原则 People want to listen to someone who is interesting,relaxed and comfortable.Too often,when you stand up to give a speech,you A focus on the public at the expense of Athe
3、 speaking.37.以牺牲以牺牲为代价为代价 AFocus on the speaking.Talk directly to your audience,be yourself and make a connection.n.观众，听众观众，听众 Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes.Yet,the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking.Peoples attention wanders constantly.In fa
4、ct,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speakers message.So,dont stop speaking when Cyou make a vt.吸收、理解吸收、理解 Cmistake unless its a truly serious Cone.38.BYour goal is B not to be a perfect public speaker.39.And like everything else in life,that takes practice.Remember,even world champion a
5、thletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.始终如一地始终如一地 40.Its Drare to hear someone say,I wish that Dspeaker had spoken longer.On the other hand,you probably cant count the times that youve thought,Im Dglad that Dtalk is over.It 2/5 seemed to go on forever!So surprise your audience.Always ma
6、ke your presentation just D a bit shorter than anticipated.Its better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly v.预料；预想预料；预想 vt.转移、挪动转移、挪动 in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.A.Do the opposite.B.You want to be an effective public speaker.C.You dont need to a
7、pologize for a minor slip.n.差错差错 D.When it comes to public speaking,less is usually more.E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners.G.However,the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.解
8、题步骤解题步骤 Step 1 浏览全文，确定文章体裁。把握文章基本结构，理清段落与段落之间的逻辑关系（总分总/总分/总分分）。Step 2 观查考查题目位置，分析其特殊性。1)是有小标题还是无小标题。2)考查题目是段首句，段中句，还是段尾句。3)分析文章，尤其注意考查题目的前一句和后一句。分析前后句的逻辑关系（总分/顺承/因果/转折/对比/并列/解释/举例）。Step 3 分析各个选项，划出选项中的名词，代词，冠词，连词。Step 4 1)再读考查题目所在段落的主旨句（或小标题），考查题目的前一句话，同时分析各个选项，划出复现词，同现词，得出答案。2)如无解，读考查题目后一句话，划出代词。寻找
9、重复，得出答案。解题思路解题思路 解题重点：关注对应关系，不应该以翻译为主。1)内容对应：重点内容、问题与回答、例子 2)代词对应：明确指代对象、保持一致 3)情感对应：正负态度保持一致 4)时态对应：过去现在保持一致 5)结构对应：段落结构、上下句结构、总分结构、逻辑合理 解题重点：分析选项，文章中空白处的相邻句与选项关键信息的对应。1)名词有相关内容或重复，代词有明确指代对象 3/5 2)形容词感情色彩一致，动词时态一致顺序合理 3)连词作为标志，体现并列因果转折的逻辑关系 4)段首句总括与承上启下，段中句连接前后细节，段尾句总结和概括 解题核心原则：1)注意前后语句内容一致性筛选选项 2
10、)注意具体细节内容相关性确定选项 答案解析答案解析 题号 考查方向 文章分析 36 G 段中句（过渡句）因为上一句话说的是“有人天生就有公共演讲才能”，G 项中转折词 However 以及信息关键词 the majority of people 和 because they train to be 与前面的“some individuals”、“are born with a gift for”形成对比，而空后句是一个疑问句，说“你想成为一个好的公共演讲者吗？”承上启下，所以 G 符合语境。37 A 段中句 （过渡句）因为空前一句话说“focus on the public at the ex
11、pense of the speaking.”，空后一句话说“Focus on the speaking”，两者是转折关系，所以 A 项 Do the opposite.承上启下，符合语境。38 C 段尾句（结论句)因为空格前一句话的内容“So dont stop speaking when you make a mistake.”为结论句以及段首句“Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes.Yet,the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is s
12、peaking”可知，本段是讲关于演讲中出错以及怎样处理出错的，C 项与上一句话是顺承关系，所以 C 项符合语境。39 B 段中句（过渡句）因为空格前一句说“Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.”，结合首段“Do you want to be a good public speaker?”可知 B 项中“effective”与空前句中“not to be a perfect public speaker”相呼应，符合语境，所以 B 项符合语境。40 D 段首句（段首句）因为所设空位于句首，为段落主旨句。根据下文中的“rare to h
13、ear.spoken longer”，“Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than”“Its better to leave your listeners wishing for more than restlesslywaiting finally to end.”D 项和这个内容相关，所以 D 项符合语境。4/5 拓展练习 一、词汇积累 1.principle 词性 n.词义原则，规范 2.audience 词性 n.词义观众，听众 3.absorb 词性 vt.词义吸收，理解 4.anticipate 词性 v.词义预料，预
14、想 5.shift 词性 vt 词义转移 6.slip 词性 n.词义差错 二、词形变化 1.expense adj.expensive 词义 昂贵的 2.absorb n.absorption 词义 吸收，吸纳；理解 3.consistent v.consist 词义 由.构成 4.anticipate n.anticipation 词义 猜想 5.rest adv.restlessly 词义 坐立不安地，不耐烦地 三、短语积累 1.at the expense of 以牺牲.为代价 2.on a consistent basis 始终如一地 3.focus on 关注 4.care abo
15、ut 担心，关心 题号 选项分析 A 37 Do the opposite.opposite 意味着上下文存在对立相反的意思。B 39 You want to be an effective public speaker.“effective”与空前句中“not to be a perfect public speaker”相呼应。C 38 You dont need to apologize for a minor slip.minor slip 与 unless a serious mistake 意思一致。D 40 When it comes to public speaking,les
16、s is usually more.根据下文中的“rare to hear.spoken longer”可知答案。E The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.objective 与 39 题的前一句中的 goal 词汇复现，备选 39 题。解题思路 这是第 39 题的干扰项。objective 为 19 题的前一句中的 goal 的同义词复现，但句子内容和本段表达的主题意思不一致，偏离主题。F Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listen
17、ers.public speaking 在 37 题的前一句原词复现，备选 37 题。解题思路 这是第 37 题的干扰项。focus on 与 37 题的前一句中的 focus on 复现，但句子内容和本段表达的主题意思无关。G 36 However,the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.however 表示转折，与上文是对立、相反的关系，故寻找反义词:born to be-train to be。5/5 5.the majority of 大多数 四、同义替换 1.gift=talent
18、n.天赋 2.shift=move v.挪动，转移 五.一词多义 absorb 1.d Its a lot of information to absorb all at once.2.a Black walls absorb a lot of heat during the day.3.c The tennis racket absorbs shock on impact.4.b The new proposals would absorb$80 billion of the federal budget.a.吸收 b.耗费 c.减轻撞击等的作用 d.掌握,理解 六、作文素材 1.Yet,t
19、he only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking.（文中原句英译汉）然而，唯一在乎错误的人是说话的人。2.Its better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.（文中原句英译汉）让你的听众期望更多内容比让他们在座位上不耐烦地等着你的演讲最终结束要好。3.以下是你必须掌握的原则。（文中原句汉译英）Here are some principles you must master.4.Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。5.自由仿写：Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.句型结构：.are born with a gift for.应用场景：Michael Jordan was born with a gift for basketball.（参考答案）迈克尔 乔丹天生就有打篮球的天赋。