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1、 4 Natural DisastersPeriod 3 Discovering Useful Structures 1get injured 2拒绝做某事3cut across4震惊 56挖出被困者 7 terrible injuries8向某人证明9 similar changes10 保持积极的心态11 in the revival ofImportantphrases(P50 P51)受伤受伤refuse to do sthrefuse to do sth横切，打断横切，打断be in shockbe in shock只有，只不过只有，只不过dig out dig out 遭受重伤遭受
2、重伤prove to sb.prove to sb.类似的变化类似的变化stay positivestay positive在在.的复苏中的复苏中She hangs out every day near by the beach 她每天躺在海滩边的吊床上.Having a Heineken falling asleep 喝杯海涅肯啤酒便入睡 She looks so sexy when shes walking the sand 漫步在沙滩上的她看上去如此性感 Nobody ever put a ring on her hand 她也不接受任何人的戒指 Swim to the oceansho
3、re fish in the sea海边游泳海边捕鱼 She is the story the story is she 她就是传说传说就是她 She sings to the moon and the stars in the sky 她向天上的月亮和星星唱歌 Shining from high above you shouldnt ask why 不要问他们为何在一闪一闪She is the one that you never forget 见过她你便永远不能忘记 She is the heaven-sent angel you met 她就是你所见的天堂所派的天使呀Oh,she mus
4、t be the reason why God made a girl 噢,她就是上帝制造女孩的原因 She is so pretty all over the world 即使走遍全世界她也是如此的美丽 sheLets enjoy a songShe puts the rhythm,the beat in the drum 她哼着小曲打着圆鼓 She comes in the morning and the evening shes gone清晨中她带来阳光，夜幕下她轻轻离去Every little hour every second you live 你活着的每分每秒 Trust in e
5、ternity thats what she gives 都相信永恒因为都是她带来的 She looks like Marilyn,walks like Suzanne 她看上去像Marilyn,走路又像Suzanne She talks like Monica and Marianne 她说话则像Monica 和Marianne She wins in everything that she might do 只要她愿意她可以得到一切 And she will respect you forever just you 但她永远都尊重你只是因为是你 She is the one that yo
6、u never forget 见过她你便永远不能忘记 She is the heaven-sent angel you met 她就是你所见的天堂所派的天使呀Oh,she must be the reason why God made a girl 噢,她就是上帝制造女孩的原因 She is so pretty all over the world 即使走遍全世界她也是如此的美丽 She is so pretty all over the world 即使走遍全世界她也是如此的美丽 She is the one that you never forget见过她你便永远不能忘记 She is t
7、he heaven-sent angel you met 她就是你所见的天堂所派的天使呀Oh,she must be the reason why God made a girl 噢,她就是上帝制造女孩的原因 She wins in everything that she might do只要她愿意她可以得到一切 定语从句先行词关系词She is the one(that you never forget)1.在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句(句意:的）作用相当于形容词2.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。3.引导定语从句的词叫“关系词 ”。关系词又分为两派：左边这路
8、是关系代词，主要有这六个家伙右边这路是关系副词，有这三个家伙定语从句先行词关系词定语从句定语从句She is the one(that you never forget)关系词的三个作用:1.引导定语从句。2.代替先行词。3.在定语从句中充当一个成分。Find out the antecedent(先行词),relative pronoun(关系代词）and bracket(括出)the attributive clause（定语从句）1.She is a girl who/that is always helping others.She is a girl(who/that is alwa
9、ys helping others.)先行词指人，在从句中做主语，关系代词用who/that2.The man(whom/that)you saw just now is our manager.The man(whom/that you saw just now)is our manager.先行词指人，在从句中做宾语，关系代词用whom/that或省略3.Dont cut down the tree which/that gives you shade(阴凉).Dont cut down the tree(which/that gives you shade(阴凉).)先行词指物，在从句中
10、做主语，关系代词用which/that4.This is the book(which/that)I bought yesterday.This is the book(which/that I bought yesterday.)先行词指物，在从句中做宾语，关系代词用which/that或省略5.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Workers built shelters for survivors(whose homes had been destroyed.)先行词指人，在从句中做定语
11、，关系代词用whose6.This is the book whose cover is blue.This is the book(whose cover is blue.)先行词指物，在从句中做定语，关系词用whose主语宾语定语指人指物先行词在从句中充当成分who/that(whom/that)whosewhich/that(which/that)whose如何确定关系代词？如何确定关系代词？Lets do a guessing gameLets do a guessing gameFill in the blanks using relative pronouns（关系代词)and t
12、ry to guess what it is.It is a musical program_ can help ordinary music lovers achieve their dreams in Zhejiang TV.which/thatItisaverypopularnovel_J.K.Rowlingcreated.(which/that)HeisafamousChinesewriter_wontheNobelPrizeforLiterature.who/thatHeisthefirstblackAmerican_theAmericanpeoplehaveelected(选举)a
13、spresident(总统).(whom/that)Itisacellphonesoftware(软件)_function(功能)istochatwithothersandsendmessages,picturesandvideos.whose1.我有一个喜欢古典音乐的朋友。I have a friend _ likes _ _.2.昨天他穿着我给他买的外套。Yesterday he _the coat_ I bought for him.3.我在看一本不太难的书。Im reading a book_ is not very _.4.腿伤了的那个人过去是个足球运动员。The person_hu
14、rt his leg _ _ be a football player.who/thatclassic musicwore(which/that)which/thatdifficultwho/thatused toTrytotranslatethefollowingsentencesusingattributiveclauses(定语从句)翻译句子前，应确定:1.主句是什么？2.先行词是什么？(名词/代词)3.关系代词应使用哪个？1.我认识文章发表了的那个学生。(publish 出版，发行）2.杭州是我去年夏天去的地方。3.我不能忘记我们一起度过的那些快乐的日子。4.他看过教授谈到的那本书。（
15、mention 提及）Discussingroupsandtrytotranslatethesesentencesusingattributiveclauses(定语从句),thenwritedownonyourpaper翻译句子前，应确定:1.主句是什么？2.先行词是什么？(名词/代词)3.关系代词应使用哪个？1.我认识文章发表了的那个学生。Iknowthestudentwhose article has been published.2.杭州是我去年夏天去的地方。HangZhouistheplace(which/that)I visited last year.3.我不能忘记我们一起度过的
16、那些快乐的日子。Iwillneverforgetthehappydays(which/that)we spent together4.他看过教授谈到的那本书。Hereadthebook(which/that)the professor had mentioned.Groupwork：Each group chooses one student or a teacher in our class and describes him or her using the attributive clause.Each student in your group writes a sentence ab
17、out this person.You can begin like this:He is a boy who/that/whose.She is a girl who/that/whose.1.Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whom,or/ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.1)Herearesomeofthepeople_homes2)Theterribleshakingofthebuildingallthepeople_wereasleep.3)Thenextday,peopleintheo
18、penairusing_theycouldfind.4)Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings_hadwererepaired.Exercise (P52)that/whichthat或/who/thatwhose5.Theinjuredboy_motherwaslostinthedisasterwastakentothehospital.6Thewomanthesoldierby_shewasresuced.7Isthistheyoungboy_savedseveralother.Exercisewho或thatwhomwhose关系词的使用规则关系词的使用规
19、则1.先行词为物，只能使用that不能使用which的情况：(1)当先行词为当先行词为不定代词不定代词：all,both,neither,none,either,any,everything,nothing,something,anything,much,many,few,a few,little,a little.(2)当先行词被当先行词被all,both,some,no,every,any,each,much等修饰时等修饰时;(3)当先行词被当先行词被序数词、最高级序数词、最高级修饰修饰；(4)当先行词被当先行词被the only,the very,the same修饰修饰；(5)当先行词
20、当先行词即有人又有物即有人又有物时时。例句例句I have taken down everything that the teacher said.I have taken down all that is important.All the books that you bought are interesting.This is the best book that I have read.Shopping is the only thing that I want to do.We often talk about the people and things that we rememb
21、er.不定代词不定代词不定词修饰不定词修饰最高级修饰最高级修饰唯一修饰唯一修饰人物同时人物同时先行词为物，只能用which不能用that的情况只能用which的情况：介词后面，逗号后面。1、介词后面，指物的关系代词只能用which；Thehouseinwhichweliveisfarfromschool.Thepaintingforwhichhepaid$1,000wasonceownedbyabusinessman.2、逗号后面，指物的关系代词只能用which。IliveinKunming,whichisthecapitalofYunnanprovince.Thebigreddog,whic
22、hwasveryoldnow,becameillanddied.3.上下文出现that，避免重复使用which。练一练练一练1.Do you have anything you want to say for yourself?2.The sports meeting was put off,astonished me.3.All the presents your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.4.This is the best film Ive ever seen.5.This is the very bus I
23、m waiting for.6.It looks like the same book you bought in the bookstore.7.He is always the first man comes to classroom.thatthatthatthatthatwhowhich8.Thebuildingin_shelivedwasdemolished(拆除).9.Wedependonthelandfrom_wecangetourfood.10.Wedependontheland_wecangetourfoodfrom.11.Shewonthefirstprize,_wasmo
24、rethanweexpected.12.Thefilm_wesawlastnightwasveryinteresting.13.Thefilm,_wasshowedlastnight,wasverymoving.14.Hisfatherpassedawayyesterday,_cameasasuddenshock.whichwhichwhichwhichwhichwhich/thatwhich/that关系词的使用规则关系词的使用规则2.只能使用who不能使用that的情况：(1)当先行词为当先行词为人称代词人称代词：he,she,they,one(s),anyone,nobody等等.He
25、who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.(2)当先行词为当先行词为指示代词指示代词时时:those,these;Those who are easily content are always happy.God help those who help themselves.(3)当先行词为当先行词为people或是表示或是表示人的集体名词人的集体名词时时；People who work hard are always fortunate.(4)非限制性定语从句中非限制性定语从句中He has a sister,who is
26、a teacher.练习练习2.Do you know anyone can solve this problem?3.I admire those are honest,brave,diligent.4.They are audience are invited to watch this play.5.He is the best man Ive ever known.6.He is always the last one leaves the dormitory.7.She is always the last one goes back to the dormitory.最高级修饰指人
27、、物的先行词，关系词用最高级修饰指人、物的先行词，关系词用that/who都可以都可以。定语从句的谓语动词跟先行词保持一致。定语从句的谓语动词跟先行词保持一致。whowhothat/whowhowhowho关系词的使用规则关系词的使用规则3.关系代词的省略问题：非限制性定语从句中一定要有关系代词，非限制性定语从句中一定要有关系代词，不可省略不可省略。关系代词。关系代词做主做主语语两种从句均不能省略。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词都可两种从句均不能省略。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词都可以省略，非限制性定语从句中不能省。以省略，非限制性定语从句中不能省。I like the book,whi
28、ch you give me.（非限制定从作宾语，不能省which）I like the book(that/which)you give me.（限制定从作宾语，可省that/which）4.非限制性定语从句中，代非限制性定语从句中，代人人作主语只能用作主语只能用who,作宾语用作宾语用who(m)均可，但是均可，但是whom更为正式，很少用于口语。代更为正式，很少用于口语。代物物只只能用能用which作主语或宾语，不能用作主语或宾语，不能用that，指的是某样东西，或，指的是某样东西，或者前面提到的一整件事。者前面提到的一整件事。I like teachers,who are humoro
29、us.（代人做主语，不能用that）I like teachers,who(m)I can ask for help.（代人作宾语，who，whom均可）I like this book,which you give me.（代物作宾语，指的是书）He made mistakes again,which made the head teacher angry.(代物做主语，指的是一整件事)关系词的使用规则关系词的使用规则5.如果先行词和从句的主语有所所属属关关系系要用whose，可用在限制性也可用在非限制性定语从句中。whose也可以放在介介词词后面后面：in whose car;from w
30、hose book。I like the room whose window faces east.(房间的窗子)I went to help him,whose money got lost.(他的钱)I visited my uncle,in whose house I spent the summer vacation.关系词的使用规则关系词的使用规则6.非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句中中，如如果果从从句句主主语语和和先先行行词词存存在在整整体体与与部部 分分 关关 系系 时时，我我 们们 要要 用用（all,both,each,many,most,neither,none,part,
31、some,基基数数词词，序序数数词词，最最高高级级）+of which/whom。They are my students,three of whom are from Beijing.I have ten books,all of which are interesting.关系词的使用规则关系词的使用规则:特殊的引导词特殊的引导词asas7.as引导引导限制性定语从句限制性定语从句主要结构有：主要结构有：the sameas;asas;suchas;soas。I have the same pen as you have.I live as busy a life as you do.I
32、live such a busy life as you do.8.as引导引导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，从句可置于指代整个主句内容，从句可置于句首，句首，句中或句尾句中或句尾。译为。译为“正如正如”。As everyone knows,China is a beautiful country with a long history.练习练习1.We have found such materials used in their factory.2.This book is not such I expected.3.I have the same book he h
33、as.4.It looks like the same book he gave me.5.I hope you will live as full and positive a life I do.6.you see,the Chinese people are hardworking.asasasthatasAssuchassuchassuch.assuch.asthe sameasthe sameas表同类表同类the samethatthe samethat表同一个表同一个asasasas做宾语：正如做宾语：正如as引导非限制性定语从句常用的固定表达：众所周知众所周知如你所见正如我们预料的那样正如经常发生的那样正如我所记得的Lets do评讲作业