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1、【基础达标练】基础默写.单词背诵阅读词汇词义默写1adversity n困境；逆境2expedition n探险；远征；探险队3steward n(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员4crush vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎 n拥挤的人群5stove n炉具；厨房灶具6belongings npl.财物；动产7banjo n班卓琴(乐器)8voyage n& vi.航海；航行9cosy adj.温馨的；舒适的10good/badtempered adj.脾气好的/坏的11perseverance n毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神12persevere vi.坚持；孜孜以求13navigator n领航
2、员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者14loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的15rough adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的16Confucianism n孔子学说；儒家(学说)17decent adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的18motive n动机；原因；目的19bitter adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的写作词汇词形默写20wage n工资21aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)22cupboard n橱柜；壁橱；衣柜23sink_ vi.沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没24blanket n毯子25navy n海军；海军部队26genuine adj.真
3、正的；真诚的；可信赖的27resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n.决心；坚定的信念28resolution n决议；解决；坚定29crew n(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人30bark vi.& n(狗)吠叫；吠叫声31rugby n橄榄球运动32bat n球拍；蝙蝠 vi.& vt.用球板击球；挥打；拍打33damp adj.潮湿的；湿气重的34recreation n娱乐；消遣；游戏35nephew n侄子；外甥36corporate adj.公司的；法人的；社团的37motor n发动机；马达 adj.有引擎的；机动车的38candidat
4、e n候选人；应试者39episode n(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲拓展词汇词形变化40endurance n忍耐力；耐久力endure vt.忍耐；容忍41vigour n精力；力量；活力vigorous adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的42qualified adj.符合资格；具备的知识(或技能、学历等)qualify vt.使具备资格qualification n资格；条件43enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的enthusiastically adv.热心地enthusiasm n热心，热情44assign vt.分派；布置；分配assignment n分配；任
5、务45envy n& vt.羡慕；妒忌envious adj.羡慕的；妒忌的enviously adv.羡慕地；嫉妒地46abandon vt.舍弃；拋弃；放弃abandoned adj.被抛弃的；无约束的47miserable adj.痛苦的；令人难受的misery n痛苦，悲惨；不幸48selfish adj.自私的selfishly adv.自私地selfishness n自私自利49resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n.决心；坚定的信念resolution n决议；解决；坚决50cruel adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的cruelty n残忍；残酷51tho
6、rough adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的thoroughly adv.深入地；彻底地52unfortunately adv.不幸地；遗憾地unfortunate adj.不幸的；遗憾的fortunately adv.幸运地fortunate adj.幸运的53guidance n指导；引导；导航guide vt.指导；影响 n旅游指南；导游54advertising n广告活动；广告业advertise vt.& vi.公布；宣传；做广告advertisement n广告55commitment n承诺；保证；奉献commit vt.犯罪，做错事；把交托给.核心短语默写1turn sb.do
7、wn拒绝(某人)2dream of/about梦想/见3cheer up振作起来4give off放出(热、光、气味或气体)5fill.with.用装满6make fire生火7be stuck in.卡住；陷入；被困在中8from bad to worse每况愈下.教材原句补全1Well，it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.有一天早晨我碰巧买了一份报纸，读到了关于南极探险的广告。2But I was so e
8、nthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship，the Endurance，and hid in a small cupboard.但是我很想和他们一起去，于是就悄悄地登上他的“坚忍号”轮船，藏在一个小柜子里。3Without Frank and Ernest，wed all be dead by now.要不是弗兰克和欧内斯特，我们早就死了。4If it werent for sea animals，we would all starve.要不是这些海洋动物，我们
9、都得挨饿。5When we were finally rescued，we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.当我们最终获救时，我们感到非常轻松，欣喜万分，以至于我们中有许多人无法掩饰自己的眼泪。语言运用.单句语法填空1Would you happen to have the business card in your personal belongings(belong)?2Youll need to complete three written assignments(assign)per s
10、emester.3Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.4She made a resolution(resolve)to visit her relatives more often.5Mr.Smith was thirty minutes late for the meeting because he had been stuck in traffic jam.6Five members of Scotts expedition(expedite)made
11、it to the South Pole.7They abandoned carrying(carry)out the plan for lack of money.8When she found her son was out of sight，the lady got into a panic.9The man gave me an impression that he was not very enthusiastic about the job.10He left school without a formal qualification(qualify).一句多译/句式升级1这艘船触
12、礁之后不久就沉没了。The ship sank shortly after it hit a rock.The ship went down shortly after it hit a rock.2你给我打电话时，我碰巧在楼上。I happened to be upstairs when you rang me up.It so happened that I was upstairs when you rang me up.3Unexpectedly，the manager refused me before I explained the details to him.Unexpecte
13、dly，the manager turned me down before I explained the details to him.(词汇升级)4As he abandoned himself to smoking，he suffered from lung cancer.Abandoned to smoking，he suffered from lung cancer.(过去分词短语作状语)Abandoning himself to smoking，he suffered from lung cancer.(现在分词短语作状语)【模拟提升练】.完形填空A wealthy old lad
14、y decides to travel to Africa，taking her faithful old dog Cuddles along for company.One day, the dog starts chasing butterflies and before long，Cuddles discovers that hes _1_Wandering around，he notices a _2_ heading in his direction with the aim of eating him for lunch.The old dog thinks，“Oh，oh！Im i
15、n deep _3_ now！” Noticing some bones on the ground close by，he _4_ settles down to chew on the bones with his back to the _5_ leopard(美洲豹)Just as the leopard is about to _6_，the old dog said loudly，“Boy，that was one delicious leopard！I _7_ if there are any more around here？” Hearing this，the young l
16、eopard stops his attack in shock，a look of _8_ comes over him and he runs back into the trees.“Whew！” says the leopard.“That was close！That dog nearly _9_ me！”Meanwhile，a monkey who had been _10_ the whole scene from a nearby tree decides that he can put this knowledge to good use and trade it for _
17、11_ from the leopard.So off he goes.but the old dog sees him _12_ the leopard and figures that something must be up.The monkey soon catches up with the leopard，and explains that the dog is _13_ and makes a deal with the leopard.The young leopard is angry about being _14_ and says，“Here，monkey，jump o
18、n my back and see whats going to happen to that _15_ dog！”The old dog sees the leopard coming with the monkey on his back and thinks，“What am I going to do now？” But instead of _16_，the dog sits down with his back to his attackers，_17_ he hasnt seen them yet，and just when they get close enough to _1
19、8_，the old dog says：“Wheres that monkey？I _19_ him off an hour ago to bring me another leopard！”Life is not about holding all the good cards，but in _20_ those that you hold well.语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过狗、美洲豹和猴子的故事说明一个道理：生活不在于握有一手好牌，而在于利用好你手里有的牌。1A.hungryBlostCtired Dbored解析：根据本句话前半部分可知狗在追蝴蝶，自然注意不到主人在哪，容易跑丢
20、。be lost“走丢”。另外该空格下一句开头短语是wander around“徘徊”与此空相对应。lost“迷路的”，符合语境。hungry“饥饿的”；tired“疲倦的；厌倦的”；bored“乏味的”。答案：B2A.hunter BtravelerCleopard Dmonkey解析：利用原词复现解题。根据第5空后的leopard(美洲豹)可知选leopard。故C项正确。答案：C3A.trouble BsorrowCfear Dregret解析：上句提到一只豹子要吃掉狗，由此推断狗感叹自己陷入困境。in trouble“处于麻烦中、困境中”，符合语境。in sorrow“悲伤地”；in
21、fear“害怕地”；regret“遗憾”。答案：A4A.suddenly BcertainlyCexcitedly Dimmediately解析：这条狗陷入困境，于是“立即”采取策略，背对着美洲豹坐到地上咀嚼地上的骨头，故immediately“立即”，符合语境。suddenly“突然”；certainly“当然”；excitedly“兴奋地”。答案：D5A.approaching BwaitingCpassing Dwandering解析：根据上文第2空后面的“heading in his direction”可知，豹是在接近狗，准备攻击，因此approach“接近，靠近”，符合语境。wai
22、t“等待”；pass“经过”；wander“徘徊”。答案：A6A.move BleaveCeat Dattack解析：根据上文可知这里豹子即将攻击Cuddles。另外可根据下文“the young leopard stops his attack”可知，attack“攻击”符合语境。答案：D7A.doubt BquestionCwonder Dguess解析：根据前一句可知，狗说这只豹的骨头很好吃，因此推断出此处应该是想知道附近是否还有豹子可以吃。wonder if是常用的搭配，表示“想知道是否”。doubt“怀疑；疑虑”；question“质问”；guess“猜测”。答案：C8A.confu
23、sion BterrorCshock Danger解析：根据下文“它停止了攻击”及后半部分“跑回树林”可知，豹子听到狗的话应该是很害怕的。故terror“恐惧”，符合语境。confusion“困惑”；shock“震惊”；anger“生气”。答案：B9A.defeated BmurderedChad Ddisturbed解析：美洲豹心想狗差点吃了它，故have表示“抓住，吃掉”，符合语境。defeat“战胜，击败”，根据文中情境，豹子和狗还未打起来，排除A。murder“谋杀，有预谋的杀害”，不符合语境，排除B。disturb“打扰”，不符合语意，排除D。答案：C10A.reporting Bp
24、erformingCwatching Djudging解析：根据下文猴子去向美洲豹告密的情况可知，猴子目睹了全部过程，故watch“看见”，符合语境。report“报道；报告”；perform“表演；表现”；judge“判断”。答案：C11A.shelter BprotectionCfood Dservice解析：根据下文美洲豹让猴子跳上自己的后背可知，猴子向豹子告密，以此换取保护。protection“保护”，符合语境。food“食物”；shelter“庇护所”；service“服务”。答案：B12A.looking for Bheading afterCstaring at Descapi
25、ng from解析：根据下文的“catches up with”可推断出猴子追赶美洲豹，故head after“追赶”，符合语境。look for“寻找”；stare at“凝视”；escape from.“从逃出”。答案：B13A.harmless BdangerousCstupid Dintelligent解析：根据下文可知美洲豹听完猴子的话后很生气被狗骗了，由此推断出猴子和美洲豹解释的是狗并没有多大威胁。故harmless“无害的”，符合语境。dangerous“危险的”；stupid“愚蠢的”；intelligent“聪明的”。答案：A14A.doubted BkilledChurt
26、Dfooled解析：猴子说狗没有多大威胁，因此美洲豹觉得自己被愚弄了于是非常生气。fool“愚弄”，符合语境。doubt“怀疑”；kill“杀害”；hurt“伤害”。答案：D15A.wise BstrongCmerciful Dbad解析：根据上文可知豹子生气了，此处应该是用一个贬义词来形容狗，而且被愚弄了应该会觉得对方很坏，故选bad。答案：D16A.running BexplainingCstanding Dtrembling解析：下文说狗背对着豹子和猴子坐下，由此推断狗没有逃跑，根据instead of“反而”可知所选词汇与sit down意义相反，故run符合语境。explain“解释
27、”；stand“站立”；tremble“发抖”。答案：A17A.realizing BpretendingCwishing Dexpecting解析：空格后句意是“他还没有看到他们”，可事实是前面已经交代看到了，故狗是假装没看到他们，故pretend“假装”，符合语境。realize“意识到”；wish“希望”；expect“期望”。答案：B18A.hear BobserveCtouch Dfight解析：此处指等美洲豹和猴子走近且能听见他说话时才说起话来，故本空与后文的says对应。hear“听见”，符合语境。observe“观察”；touch“触摸”；fight“拼搏；战斗”。答案：A19
28、A.dropped BputCsent Dsaw解析：狗说自己派猴子去找另一只豹子。send sb.off to do sth.“派某人离开去做某事”；drop sb.off“让某人下车”；put sb.off“取消(与某人见面)安排”；see sb. off“为某人送行”。答案：C20A.accepting BkeepingClearning Dplaying解析：本句前后两个半句形成对比，前半句“holding all the good cards”，拿着一手好牌，后半句对应的应是play the cards well，表示打出好牌。accept“接受”；keep“保留”；learn“学习
29、”。答案：D.语法填空(2021新高考全国卷)Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles song “The Long and Winding Road”.1._ is so breathtaking about the experience is the outofthisworld scenes.The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 2._ (human)are. The hot sp
30、ring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb.It will 3._(undoubted)help you get refreshed！The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets，the 4._(hot) the spring！Strange，isnt it？But thats how nature isalways leaving us 5._(astonish) What comes
31、 next is the endless series of steps.You cant help wondering how hard it 6._(be)for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain，still it highlights the whole adventure 7._ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8._(
32、ache)legs. As the song goes，this long and winding road “will never disappear”，and it will always stick in the visitors memory.It sure does in 9._(I)While youre in China，Mount Huangshan is 10._ must to visit!语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者爬黄山的见闻和感受。1解析：考查名词性从句的引导词。该句中的“1._ is so breathtaking about the experienc
33、e”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以用what；位于句首，首字母应大写。答案：What2解析：考查名词的单复数。与主语we 是同位语，所以用复数。答案：humans3解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词help，用副词形式。答案：undoubtedly4解析：考查形容词的比较级。此处相当于“the比较级.，the比较级.”结构，意为“越，越”。前面用的是the colder，所以此处用the hotter。答案：hotter5解析：考查词性转换。此处说明us的状态，所以用astonished。答案：astonished6解析：考查主谓一致和时态。主语是第三人称单数it，时间状语是then，所以用 was。答案：was7解析：考查连词。空格后的动词offers与前面的动词highlights构成并列关系，所以用and。答案：and8解析：考查非谓语动词。修饰 legs 用现在分词aching，表示主动和进行的动作。答案：aching 9解析：考查代词。上文提到in the visitors memory，此处相当于in my memory，所以用 mine 代替 my memory。答案：mine10解析：考查冠词。a must to visit意为“一处必须去的地方”。答案：a