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1、记叙文文体分析叙文文体分析PART 01记叙文含义与形式日记日记游记游记010203记叙文是以叙文是以记人叙事人叙事为主要内容的写作文体。叙述的事件、人物既可主要内容的写作文体。叙述的事件、人物既可以是真以是真实的也可以是虚构的。的也可以是虚构的。记叙文的范叙文的范围很广，它可以包括：很广，它可以包括：新闻报导新闻报导人物传记人物传记人物轶事人物轶事通讯通讯小说小说Para.1导语:新新闻精髓，即新精髓，即新闻信息信息,以激以激发读者者阅读的的兴趣。趣。正文正文:人人物物或或核核心心事事件件展展开开进行行解解释和和补充充，通通常常采采用用事事实、观点点、引引语等等各各种种消消息来源来支持主息来
2、源来支持主题。结语:总结概概括括，落落脚脚点点往往往往在在文文章章的的主主题上上，和和导语形形成成呼呼应，重重申申主主题或或者者升升华主主题。新闻报道的语篇结构记叙文的写作意图讲述故事述故事(TELL/NARRATE/RELATE A STORY)分享分享经验 (SHAE AN EXPERIENCE)纪念人物念人物(REMEMBERA(REMEMBERAPERSON)PERSON)阐明道理明道理(COMMUNICATEAN(COMMUNICATEANIDEA/CONVEYAIDEA/CONVEYAMESSAGE)MESSAGE)01020304内容记叙文应该包括六要素，即：时间、地点、人物、起
3、因、经过和结果。可以按事件发生的时间顺序写，也可以按事件发生的先后写。形式顺叙、倒叙、插叙。语言一般过去时为主，各种时态为辅，合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态是英语记叙文首要的语言特征；多用动词，尤其是动态强的行为动词是英语记叙文又一个明显的语言特征。命题主要集中在多个事件的先后顺序与人物的情感态度上。返 回题型分析策略指导技法解读弄清六要素何人、何时、何地，因何原因做了何事，结果如何，有何启示或感想。弄清写作目的证明一个观点；赞美某种美德；谴责某种罪恶；提供娱乐。关注开头和结尾把握事情的动向，尾段经常是主题的升华所在。关注情感主线分析事情的发展脉络，弄清人物关系，透析文章的情感主线。记叙文命题
4、特点命命题往往从往往从故事的情故事的情节、人物或事件之、人物或事件之间的的关系、作者的意关系、作者的意图和和态度、故事的前因和后度、故事的前因和后果果等方面入手，考等方面入手，考查学生学生对细节的辨的辨认能力能力以及推理判断能力以及推理判断能力。点击输入标题点击输入相关标题。点击输入标题点击输入相关标题。点击输入标题。1.细节理解理解题考查对关键词汇、短语和句子的理解能力。要求回答what,why等信息。用到的能力有理解和语义复现。2.分析判断分析判断题考查考生理解文本特定义群的引申含义的能力。要求回答what know about等信息。用到的能力有分析和判断。3.猜猜测词义题考查根据语境猜
5、测词义的能力。猜测对象有代词、名词、动词、形容词或短语。用到的能力有猜测和合理推断。4.主旨主旨概括概括题考查根据主题语境来概括文章主旨或标题的能力。要用到的能力有分析和概括。考点细分记叙文例叙文例题精精讲PART 02LOGO HERE（一一）皖中名校皖中名校5月月联考联考Life was not kind to a sweet Boxer-Pit Bull mix.Dog fighting had cruelly taken away his left ear.In 2019,the 4-year-old arrived at a rescue in North Carolina and
6、was then named Van Gogh.Christy Langley explains he was named after the famous painter“not because he is an artist,but because he is a work of art”.What Lang-ley couldnt predict(预测)was that Van Gogh would actually go on to be a successful artist.Gartner owns a shelter that helps dogs in shelters tha
7、t are at risk of being put down.She saw Van Gogh and immediately knew she needed to help.So,she took Van Gogh in from North Carolina in June 2022.Gartner started telling everyone about the friendly and lovely Van Gogh on Facebook,Pet finder,and Rescue Me,but no one responded.After months of searchin
8、g for a new owner,Gartner had a new idea.Why not take Van Goghs name literally?Gartner explained.“He certainly had the name and the ear for it.”Gartner got to work,putting some paint on a canvas(油画布),wrapping it in a plastic bag,and coating it with peanut butter(花生酱)as a tasty treat for the pup.It o
9、nly took five minutes for Van Gogh to lick the plastic-coated canvas clean and for a work of art to be created.They worked on paintings for about a week and then,Gartner invited people to an outdoor art gallery event on October 23,2022.Sadly,only two people showed up.The next day,Gartner put out a p
10、ost on Facebook that she felt bad only two people showed up,and said the rest of the paintings were still waiting for their owners.Suddenly,Van Goghs pieces were hot items.After two minutes,the paintings were sold out and Gartner raised around$1,000 for her rescue.The biggest success of all,though,w
11、as that on the last day of the silent sale,Van Gogh was finally adopted(收养).P1:一只小狗在打斗中失去了左右，获得了梵高的外号。一只小狗在打斗中失去了左右，获得了梵高的外号。P2:热心的Gartner把狗“梵高”带进了自己建的动物避难所。P3-4:Dunne想尽办法让他人收养想尽办法让他人收养“梵高梵高”，最终成功。，最终成功。1.What got the dog named“Van Gogh”?A.His talent.B.His works.C.His experience.D.His appearance.Lif
12、e was not kind to a sweet Boxer-Pit Bull mix.Dog fighting had cruelly taken away his left ear.In 2019,the 4-year-old arrived at a rescue in North Carolina and was then named Van Gogh.Christy Langley explains he was named after the famous painter“not because he is an artist,but because he is a work o
13、f art”.What Lang-ley couldnt predict(预测)was that Van Gogh would actually go on to be a successful artist.2.What does the underlined word“it”in paragraph 3 refer to?A.The Canvas.B.The plastic bag.C.The work of art.D.The paint.After months of searching for a new owner,Gartner had a new idea.Why not ta
14、ke Van Goghs name literally?Gartner explained.“He certainly had the name and the ear for it.”Gartner got to work,putting some paint on a canvas(油画布),wrapping it in a plastic bag,and coating it with peanut butter(花生酱)as a tasty treat for the pup.It only took five minutes for Van Gogh to lick the plas
15、tic-coated canvas clean and for a work of art to be created.3.In what way is“Van Gogh”successful?A.He went to Gartner for help.B.He was skilled in promotion.C.He defeated other dogs in a fight.D.He was able to find himself a home.They worked on paintings for about a week and then,Gartner invited peo
16、ple to an outdoor art gallery event on October 23,2022.Sadly,only two people showed up.The next day,Gartner put out a post on Facebook that she felt bad only two people showed up,and said the rest of the paintings were still waiting for their owners.Suddenly,Van Goghs pieces were hot items.After two
17、 minutes,the paintings were sold out and Gartner raised around$1,000 for her rescue.The biggest success of all,though,was that on the last day of the silent sale,Van Gogh was finally adopted(收养).同同义替替换：was finally adopted find a home4.Which words can best describe Gartner?A.Creative and Demanding.B.
18、Caring and Determined.C.Humorous and Honest.D.Sociable and Generous.Gartner owns a shelter that helps dogs in shelters that are at risk of being put down.She saw Van Gogh and immediately knew she needed to help.So,she took Van Gogh in from North Carolina in June 2022.They worked on paintings for abo
19、ut a week and then,Gartner invited people to an outdoor art gallery event on October 23,2022.Sadly,only two people showed up.The next day,Gartner put out a post on Facebook that she felt bad only two people showed up,and said the rest of the paintings were still waiting for their owners.Suddenly,Van
20、 Goghs pieces were hot items.After two minutes,the paintings were sold out and Gartner raised around$1,000 for her rescue.The biggest success of all,though,was that on the last day of the silent sale,Van Gogh was finally adopted(收养).【重点【重点词块】1.cruelly take away2.at a rescue3.named after4.a work of a
21、rt5.owns a shelter6.at risk of being put down7.literally8.a tasty treat9.lick the plastic-coated canvas clean10.showed up11.put out a post1.残忍地残忍地带走走2.在救援中心在救援中心3.以以命名命名4.一件一件艺术品品5.拥有庇有庇护所所6.有有药死的危死的危险7.逐字地，字面地逐字地，字面地8.美味的款待美味的款待9.把涂有塑料涂把涂有塑料涂层的画布弄干的画布弄干净10.出出现11.发个帖子个帖子 2022学年第二学期浙江强基联盟高一学年第二学期浙江强基
22、联盟高一5月统测月统测 We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea.Suddenly,she is pulled underwater.She surfaces,cries in fear,then disappears forever.This is the opening scene from the 1975film Jaws,showing a shark attack.It was a great success,attracting huge audiences and winning many awards.It also str
23、engthened peoples long-held idea of the great white shark.People have always been scared of sharks,but Jaws made things worse.Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were dangerous animals that ate humans.Some started fishing for sharks,killing as many as they could.At that time,
24、nobody cared if sharks were killed,or how many were killed.After 1975,the number of large sharks fell quickly.This was not only due to fear of sharks,but also finning.Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins(鳍)cut off to be used in shark fin soup.Finning kills millions of
25、sharks a year.Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley,the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on.In 1980,Benchley came across an awful sight in an area where fishermen were finning,leaving the sea floor covered with dead sharks.Benchley saw sharks being killed and this
26、 caused a deep change in him.He came to see people as a danger to sharks,rather than the other way round.From that day on,he fought to protect sharks.He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks behavior.“Sharks dont target humans,”he said.Fortunately,not everyone who watched the film Jaws becam
27、e afraid of sharks some became interested in understanding them.Today,as we learn more about sharks,more people than ever want to protect them from extinction.P1 引出话题：通过引出话题：通过电影大白鲨的开场电影大白鲨的开场引出鲨鱼这个话题引出鲨鱼这个话题P2-3人们因为害怕鲨鱼及想获得鱼翅，捕杀鲨鱼人们因为害怕鲨鱼及想获得鱼翅，捕杀鲨鱼P4 作家作家Peter Benchley意识到自己误解了鲨鱼，开始保护鲨鱼意识到自己误解了鲨鱼，开
28、始保护鲨鱼P5 随着对鲨鱼的了解，保护鲨鱼的人越来阅读随着对鲨鱼的了解，保护鲨鱼的人越来阅读5.The passage begins with a scene of the film Jaws to _.A.introduce the topic of sharks B.show the success of the filmC.describe how evil the shark is有害的,邪恶的D.attract people to watch the film.We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea.Suddenly,she is
29、 pulled underwater.She surfaces,cries in fear,then disappears forever.This is the opening scene from the 1975film Jaws,showing a shark attack.It was a great success,attracting huge audiences and winning many awards.It also strengthened peoples long-held idea of the great white shark.People have alwa
30、ys been scared of sharks,but Jaws made things worse.After 1975,the number of large sharks fell quickly.This was not only due to fear of sharks,but also finning.6.What can we learn from paragraph 2?A.Sharks were believed to be endangered animals.B.Sharks wouldnt have been killed without the film Jaws
31、.虚拟,没有.就不会C.People had no idea how scary sharks were if not for the film.D.Misunderstanding towards sharks was deepened due to the film.误误解解People have always been scared of sharks,but Jaws made things worse.Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were dangerous animals that ate
32、humans.Some started fishing for sharks,killing as many as they could.At that time,nobody cared if sharks were killed,or how many were killed.7.What influence did finning have on Peter Benchley?A.He became more interested in shark movies.B.He no longer saw sharks as a threat to humans.C.He decided to
33、 protect sharks by rewriting his book.D.He admitted being responsible for the deaths of sharks.同同义替替换 effect influence danger threatFinning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley,the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on.In 1980,Benchley came across an awful sight in an area
34、 where fishermen were finning,leaving the sea floor covered with dead sharks.Benchley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him.He came to see people as a danger to sharks,rather than the other way round.From that day on,he fought to protect sharks.He admitted that his book was wr
35、ong about sharks behavior.“Sharks dont target humans,”he said.画蛇添足画蛇添足8.What is the authors attitude towards the future of shark protection?A.Hopeful B.Unsure.C.Mixed.D.Unconcerned.不关心的,无兴趣的Fortunately,not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks some became interested in understan
36、ding them.Today,as we learn more about sharks,more people than ever want to protect them from extinction.【重点【重点词块】1.Surface2.strengthened peoples long-held idea 3.cut off 4.came across an awful sight 5.the other way round 6.target humans 7.protect them from extinction 8.evil 9.deepen misunderstandin
37、g1.浮出水面浮出水面,显露露2.加加强了人民了人民长期以来的期以来的观念念3.切除切除4.看到了一个可怕的景象看到了一个可怕的景象5.反反过来来6.以人以人类为目目标7.保保护它它们免于免于灭绝8.邪邪恶的的9.加深加深误解解（三）三峡名校联盟2023年春季联考I woke at 4 a.m.in a black hostel room,my eight roommates all still sound asleep at the early hour.I stepped outside without being noticed,forced a cheese roll into my
38、mouth,and headed to the Kaikoura dolphin-watching tour office.With more adrenaline(肾上腺素)than I had experienced when jumping out of a plane,I put on my flippers(脚蹼)quickly and got ready for the adventure.The moment I dove off the water,I was shocked awake.No amount of coffee,tea,or sugar has ever giv
39、en me such a strong wake-up.It turns out that the ocean is freezing at 5 a.m.before the sunrise.Dont be scared off by the temperature,though,because 5 a.m.is when the dolphins are most playful!After a little while,I was face to face with a wild dusky dolphin!At one moment,it jumped up high into the
40、air while the next it dove deep into the water.It made strange whale noises to draw the attention of more members of the group,including a tiny baby dolphin no bigger than a cat.What impressed me most was that the baby dolphin came close up,swam around playfully and kept looking at me with those bla
41、ck glassy eyes,seeming most interested in this strange fish-like creature that kept getting twisted(缠绕)in her own flippers.The sun rose,warming my back as I continued to struggle with my flippers among the most graceful animals in the ocean.It was the most beautiful sight,as the dark blue of the oce
42、an turned light greenish-blue,brightening our swimming companions for the early hours of the morning.The practice of swimming with wild dolphins is banned in the North Island,where the species of Hectors dolphins are in decline.But in Kaikoura,the practice is quite common and actually helping to inc
43、rease the dolphin populations.By supporting this adventurous experience,youre supporting dolphin protection.P1-2:我早起潜水去看海豚P3-4:在海里观察海豚的美景给我留下深刻印象P5-6:在Kaikoura，和海豚一起游泳是支持海豚保护的行为和海豚一起游泳是支持海豚保护的行为9.Why was I shocked awake when diving off the water?A.The water was freezing cold.B.Adrenaline went up.C.I
44、 had drunk a lot of strong coffee.D.I was surprised by the playful dolphins.With more adrenaline(肾上腺素)than I had experienced when jumping out of a plane,I put on my flippers(脚蹼)quickly and got ready for the adventure.The moment I dove off the water,I was shocked awake.No amount of coffee,tea,or suga
45、r has ever given me such a strong wake-up.It turns out that the ocean is freezing at 5 a.m.before the sunrise.Dont be scared off by the temperature,though,because 5 a.m.is when the dolphins are most playful!10.What problem did I have under the water?A.A wild dolphin kept jumping beside me.B.I had di
46、fficulty handling my flippers.C.My strange appearance scared dolphins.D.The baby dolphin swam around playfully.The sun rose,warming my back as I continued to struggle with my flippers among the most graceful animals in the ocean.It was the most beautiful sight,as the dark blue of the ocean turned li
47、ght greenish-blue,brightening our swimming companions for the early hours of the morning同同义异构异构：had difficulty handle struggle with 11.How did I find my dolphin-watching?A.Dangerous but exciting.B.Adventurous and tiring.惊险的 C.Scary but unforgettable.恐惧的 D.Impressive and meaningful.P3 After a little
48、while,I was face to face with a wild dusky dolphin!At one moment,it jumped up high into the air while the next it dove deep into the water.It made strange whale noises to draw the attention of more members of the group,including a tiny baby dolphin no bigger than a cat.What impressed me most was tha
49、t the baby dolphin came close up,swam around playfully and kept looking at me with those black glassy eyes,seeming most interested in this strange fish-like creature that kept getting twisted(缠绕)in her own flippers.P5 The practice of swimming with wild dolphins is banned in the North Island,where th
50、e species of Hectors dolphins are in decline.But in Kaikoura,the practice is quite common and actually helping to increase the dolphin populations.（三）三峡名校联盟2023年春季联考I woke at 4 a.m.in a black hostel room,my eight roommates all still sound asleep at the early hour.I stepped outside without being noti