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1、走向高考走向高考 英语英语路漫漫其修远兮路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索吾将上下而求索外研版外研版 高考总复习高考总复习 Module 2Developing and Developed Countries 必修三必修三第一部分基础知识聚焦第一部分基础知识聚焦基础知识梳理基础知识梳理 2考点探究演练考点探究演练 3单单 元元 语语 法法 4基础知识巩固基础知识巩固 5课课 时时 作作 业业 6话题作文晨诵话题作文晨诵 1话题作文晨诵话题作文晨诵话题：国家与发展请你根据所给出的关键词语，用120150词，简单描述一下“发展中国家”。关键词语：贫穷、不发达；经济学家称其为发展中国家；非洲、亚洲和南美
2、洲；食物短缺、能源匮乏、GDP低；教育与收入等指数低；我们已为减少贫穷与饥饿取得了进步，但是我们还要努力。.头脑风暴，知识链接单词短语1.underdeveloped不发达的2index指数3education教育4income收入5poverty贫穷6hunger饥饿1.less developed欠发达的2a shortage of缺乏3make progress取得进步4make efforts努力句式1.Such nations were once called underdeveloped countries,but most economists now prefer the te
3、rms developing countries，or less developed countries.2GDP is the total value of goods and services produced within a country in a year.3We are making some progress of reducing poverty and hunger,however,we need to make greater efforts.范文必背Developing CountriesDeveloping countries are the nations in t
4、he world that are still poor or have not developed.Such nations were once called underdeveloped countries,but most economists now prefer the terms developing countries,or less developed countries.Many of the developing countries are in Africa，Asia,and South America.A typical developing nation has a
5、shortage of food,few sources of power,and a low GDP.GDP is the total value of goods and services produced within a country in a year.In the country with low GDP,people have a low index of education and income.We are making some progress of reducing poverty and hunger,however,we need to make greater
6、efforts.基础知识梳理基础知识梳理.单词速记核心必记1_(vt.)测定；测量；评估2_(n.)位置3_(n.&vt.)数字；认为；计算4_(n.)交换5 _(n.)发 展 _(v.)发 展_(adj.)发展中的_(adj.)发达的measure positionfigureexchangedevelopmentdevelopdevelopingdeveloped6_(vt.)教育；培养；训练_(n.)教育_(adj.)受过教育的，有教养的7_(adj.)不幸的；遗憾的_(adv.)不幸地_(adj.)幸运的_(adv.)幸运地_(n.)运气；财富8 _(adj.)受 到 污 染 的 _(
7、vt.)污 染_(n.)污染educateeducationeducatedunfortunateunfortunatelyfortunatefortunatelyfortunepollutedpollutepollution高频必知9_(n.)收入10_(n.)饥饿_(adj.)饥饿的11_(n.)贫穷_(adj.)贫穷的12 _(n.)类 似；相 似 _(adj.)相 似 的_(adv.)相似地13_(adj.)工业的_(n.)工业14_(n.)娱乐_(vt.)使娱乐，款待incomehungerhungrypovertypoorsimilaritysimilarsimilarlyindu
8、strialindustryentertainmententertain.短语互译1达到，直到_2在顶端_3在底部_4努力_5采取措施_6in particular_7in the last ten years_8be connected with_9be close to_up toat the top ofat the bottom ofmake effortstake measures尤其，特别在最近十年与有联系；与有关接近；靠近情景活用选用上面单词或短语的正确形式填空Peoples happiness _(与有联系)the development of the country._(直到
9、)now,China has been _(努 力)to develop economy._(尤其在最近十年),great changes have taken place in our country.The majority of people have reached or _(接近)a welloff standard of living.答案：is connected with;Up to；making efforts;In the last ten years in particular;been close to.典句析练1Norway is at the top of the
10、list,_ the US is at number 7.挪威位于名单之首，而美国名列第七。解析while在此用作并列连词，表示对比或相反的情况，意思是“然而，但是”。仿写一些人赞同他的计划，而其他人反对。Some people are for his plan _.2_ more than 80%of children in developing countries go to primary school,about 115 million children are not being educated.在发展中国家，虽然80%以上的儿童都能上小学，但仍有约1.15亿儿童不能接受教育。解析
11、although引导让步状语从句。仿写虽然他很有钱，但并不幸福。He is unhappy,_.3Its an agreement between towns or cities _.这是规模和历史相似的城市和城镇之间的一份协定解析“of某些名词”可用来描述人或事物的特征。仿写这两个孩子年龄相同，但身高不同。The two children are _，but are _.答案：1.while;while others are against it 2.Although,although he has a lot of money3.of similar size and age;of the
12、 same age;of different heights.课文回顾One of the most important _(1)_(section)of the Human Development Report is the Human Development Index,which _(2)_(measure)a countrys _(3)_(achieve)in three ways:life expectancy,education and _(4)_.The UK is in the thirteenth _(5)_ while China is in the middle of t
13、he list.This report gives examples of successful development.For example,in the last ten years in China,150 million people moved out of _(6)_(poor).However,the _(7)_(challenge)are still great.Although most of the children in developing country go to _(8)_(prime)school,about 115 million children are
14、not being _(9)_(educate).The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater _(10)_(effort)(1)_(2)_(3)_(4)_(5)_(6)_(7)_(8)_(9)_(10)_答 案：(1)sections(2)measures(3)achievement(4)income(5)position(6)poverty(7)challenges(8)primary(9)educated(10)efforts考点探究演练考点探究演练 1.measure
15、 vt.测定；测量；评估；某物有长(或宽、高等)n尺寸；措施填空激活知识Let me make clothes _ _ _ _!让我按照你的尺寸做衣服吧！The room _ five metres across.这房间有五米宽。答案：to your own measuremeasures知识拓展be measured by/in.用来衡量make.to ones own measure 按某人的尺寸做take measures 采取措施Success is measured by effort.成功是由努力来衡量的。(2013天津高考)They call on people and the
16、government to take measures to fight against it.他们号召人们和政府采取措施与之作斗争。提示：measure表示“某物有长(或宽、高等)”时，为不及物动词，其后接表示事物长(或宽、高等)的名词，不用于被动语态和进行时态；如果此意义的短语作后置定语和状语，要用现在分词的形式。Do you know the history of that bridge measuring as long as 200 metres?你知道那座长达200米的桥梁的历史吗？真题寻踪(2014全国新课标阅读B)They have reduced pollution thro
17、ugh effective measures.他们已经通过有效措施减少了污染。2figure n数字；图形；人物；身材vt.计算；认为；描绘填空激活知识She enjoys working out at the gym to _ _ _.她喜欢在健身房锻炼来保持优美的身材。Have you _ _ how much the holiday will cost.你算出假期得花多少钱了吗？答案：keep her figurefigured out知识拓展(1)a leading/key/central figure一个重要/关键/核心的人物have a good figure身材好，身材苗条kee
18、p ones figure保持苗条的身材(2)figure that.认为figure out算出，想出，理解，断定，解决That/It figures.可能，有道理，讲得通。He is a leading figure in the music industry.他是音乐界的一个重要人物。Though in her forties，she still has a good figure.她尽管已经四十几岁了，但依然身材苗条。图解助记真题寻踪(2013陕西阅读D篇)He went on to graduate from college and got a job,earning close t
19、o six figures.他从大学毕业后找了一份工作，收入接近六位数。(2014天津阅读D)People arent walking any moreif they can figure out a way to aviod it.人们不再步行如果他们能找到一种方式避免的话。3exchange n&vt.交换填空激活知识(2013陕西阅读D篇)In the teachers office,an _ of greetings was followed by his questions.在老师的办公室，相互打招呼后老师提出了问题。Is five apples for five eggs a fa
20、ir _？用5个苹果换5个鸡蛋公平吗？答案：exchangeexchange构建导图助记提 示：change sb./sth.for sb./sth.与exchange含义接近，不可相混，是“替换或代替某人/物”之意。change sth.with sb.指“两个人交换某物”。4particular adj.特别的；特殊的；个别的；挑剔的填空激活知识He is particular _ what he wears.答案：aboutbe particular about意为“对挑剔”。知识拓展(1)particularity n.特性particularly adv.独特地；显著地；特别地(2)
21、in particular 特别地be particular about(over)sth.对很讲究/挑剔take particular care 特别照顾in that particular way 以那种特殊的方式辨析明晰异同(1)special指事物特有的性质、性格或专门的目的、用途。(2)especial强调重要性，有“优越，好感”之意。(3)particular 强调“特定的，个别的”，另外还有“讲究的，挑剔的”意思。5.make efforts 努力填空激活知识We must _ _ to translate our ideal into reality.我们必须努力把理想变成现实
22、。Bear in mind that you should _ _ _ to study English.记住，你应该努力学习英语。答案：make effortsmake an effort知识拓展(1)effort用作名词，意为“努力”。表示具体某一件事用可数名词；表示努力的程度用不可数名词。Finishing the work in one day is a great effort.一天干完这活是很了不起的事。Ive traveled many miles and Im very glad I made the effort.我远道而来，但是我很高兴我没有白跑。(2)effort的常见短
23、语：6.Norway is at the top of the list,while the US is at number 7.挪威高居榜首，然而美国则名列第七。填空激活知识We know usually women stay at home and do all the housework while men _ _ _ _.我们知道，通常妇女在家里做所有的家务，而男人则外出工作。(2013浙江高考)Men lose an average of 34 cm in height as they age,while women may lose 5 cm or more.译：_答案：go ou
24、t to work随着年龄的增长，男性身高平均减少3到4厘米，而女性可能减少5厘米或者更多。构建导图助记They arrived while we were having dinner.他们来的时候，我们正在吃饭。The region has plenty of natural resources while this one has none.那个地区自然资源丰富，这个地区却一点也没有。He sat for a while,thinking about what Janice had said to him.他坐了一会儿，想着贾妮丝跟他说过的话。7Its an agreement betwe
25、en towns or cities of similar size and age.它是有着相似的面积和年代的城镇之间的一份协定填空激活知识The book he gave me is very valuable.(句型转换)The book he gave me _ _ _ _The two children are of the same age,but are of different height.译：_答案：is of great value这两个孩子年龄相同，但身高不同。知识拓展1)be of抽象名词be该抽象名词的形容词be of great(much)be very2)还有些
26、抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式，只能用“beofn.”结构。be of the same size/weight/height/depth/length/age/colour/shape/kind/type注意：“beofn.”结构的否定形式一般为“beofnon.”。What he said is of no importance.他说的一点也不重要。单单 元元 语语 法法 状语从句中的连词用法语法填空1Uncle Jim is a shy man，_he is not afraid of anything or anyone.答案：butbut此处为转折连词。句意：“吉姆叔叔是个害羞的人，但
27、他不惧怕任何人或事。”2_ unemployment and crime are high,it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.答案：Where考查where引导的地点状语从句。句意：在失业(率)与犯罪(率)高的地方，人们会认为后者是由前者引起的。由句意可知要用where来引导。3It was 1969 _ the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon.答案：when句意：正是在1969年美国宇航员成功登上了月球。去掉It was和连接词后变为：The
28、American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon 1969.这不是完整的句子(1969前缺少介词in)，因此不是强调句型。句中when引导时间状语从句，it指代时间。4Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids can get at it.答案：where句意：你最好不要把药放到孩子们能够到的地方。这是地点状语从句，我们来看一下这道题，时间状语从句的引导词，可以用排除法直接排除。故用where。5I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway eve
29、ry day,_ do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.答案：as考查as引导的方式状语从句。句意：我每天都乘轻轨铁路去滨海新区，就像很多在天津市区居住的生意人那样。从语境看，这里用as来引导，表示“正如，就像”。本题中从句的主语较长，为了保持句子结构的平衡而使用了倒装语序，正常的语序是：as many businessmen.do。1.(陕西高考改编)From their_on the top of the TV Tower,visitors can have a better view of the city.答案：positio
30、nposition“位置”，句意：从电视台顶部，参观者可以看到电视台更好的景色。2(上海高考改编)It has been proved _ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.答案：that it是形式主语，真正的主语是that eating vegetables in.life。that引导主语从句，在从句中不作任何成分。3(2014福建卷改编)In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,_ in others,knives and folks.答案：while句意：在一些国家，人们用筷子吃饭，而在其他的国家，(人们)用刀叉(吃饭)。while在此表对比。基础知识巩固基础知识巩固（点此链接）（点此链接）课课 时时 作作 业业（点此链接）（点此链接）