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1、专题十二主谓一致主谓一致的三大原则原则意义例句语法一致原则主语是单数形式, 谓语动词用单数形式; 主语是复数形式, 谓语动词用复数形式Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。意义一致原则主语形式上为单数, 但意义为复数, 谓语动词用复数形式; 主语形式上为复数, 但表示单数意义, 这时谓语动词用单数形式My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正在吃午饭。Twenty dollars is too expensive for
2、the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。就近一致原则指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式, 取决于最靠近它的主语Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅那个老师喜欢踢足球, 而且他的学生们也喜欢踢足球。语法一致考点例句单数名词、代词和不可数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式; 复数名词、代词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式The desk is Toms. 这张桌子是汤姆的。The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足
3、球。more than one+单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。主语是each/every +单数名词+ and (each/every) +单数名词时, 谓语动词用单数形式Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。动词不定式或动名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼保健操对你的眼睛是有益的。当主语部分含有with, t
4、ogether with, along with, as well as, besides, except, but, like等介词或介词短语时, 谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式需根据真正的主语而定Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克和他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike, like his brother enjoys playing football. 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词一般用复数形式; 但当and所连接的并列主语是同一个人、事物或概念时, 谓语动词用单数形式。这两种情况区分如下; a/
5、the+单数名词+and+单数名词, 指的是同一个人或物; a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词, 指两个不同的人或物The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师要来。(作家和教师指同一个人)The writer and the teacher are coming. 那位作家和那位老师要来。(作家和老师是两个人)不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothin
6、g作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式Is everyone here today? 今天大家都到齐了吗? Something is wrong with him. 他生病了。Nobody was in the office. 没有人在办公室里。续表考点例句由both. . . and. . . 连接两个单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式Both his father and his mother are teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。a number of+复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式; the number of+复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式A number
7、 of famous people were invited to the party. 许多名人都被邀请参加了这个聚会。The number of the students is over eight hundred. 学生数量超过800人。由kind of, pair of, glass of, set of等表示确定数量的名词短语修饰主语时, 谓语动词形式与kind, pair, glass 等量词保持一致This pair of shoes is Toms. 这双鞋是汤姆的。There are two glasses of water on the table. 桌上有两杯水。(B)
8、1. No one _speak English badly. A. wantB. wants toC. want toD. wants(C) 2. Everyone _I come from Hebei. Actually, I come from Shandong. A. thinkB. findC. thinksD. finds(B)3. Mary, along with her parents _Hainan for a week and they will come back soon. A. have been toB. has been inC. have been inD. h
9、as been to(C) 4. Helping the poor to be rich _our duty. A. amB. areC. isD. were(C) 5. Look! The set of keys _on the teachers desk. A. areB. wereC. isD. was意义一致表示时间、距离、价格、重量、数目、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时, 表示是整体概念, 谓语动词用单数Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 the +形容词作主语, 表示一类人时, 谓语动词用复数形式; 表示抽象概念时, 谓语动词用单数形式Th
10、e poor are very happy, but the rich are sad. 穷人很快乐, 富人却很悲伤。The unknown is always something to be feared. 未知的东西总是令人害怕的。 the+姓的复数形式, 表示一家人或者夫妇两个, 谓语动词用复数The Greens are going to Germany next week. 格林一家打算下周去德国。 集体名词: family, class, team, group, enemy, police, population等表示整体概念时, 谓语动词用单数; 表示成员时, 谓语动词用复数C
11、lass One is a very good class. 一班是个很好的班。Now Class One are having a basketball match. 现在一班的学生在进行篮球比赛。名词性物主代词mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs等作主语时, 谓语动词的数取决于该动词后面名词的数, 动词后面的名词是单数形式, 谓语动词用单数形式; 动词后面名词为复数形式, 谓语动词用复数形式His is a new bike. 他的是辆新自行车。Ours are old bikes. 我们的是些旧自行车。分数作主语时, 依名词的单复数而定。若所
12、修饰的名词是单数, 则谓语动词用单数; 若所修饰的名词是复数, 则谓语动词用复数Three quarters of the work is done by the computer. 四分之三的工作是由电脑完成的。One half of the students have passed the exam. 一半的学生已经通过了考试。(B)1. Peter with his classmates _for the bus when the earthquake happened. A. is waitingB. was waitingC. are waitingD. were waiting(A
13、) 2. Mr Wang together with his wife and children _in the countryside. A. enjoys livingB. enjoy livingC. enjoys to liveD. enjoy to live(A) 3. His family _all very kind and friendly. His family _a happy one. A. are; isB. is; isC. are; areD. is; are(A) 4. The class _out on vacation. They are supposed t
14、o be back to school this afternoon. A. areB. wereC. isD. was就近一致neither. . . nor. . . , either. . . or. . . , not only . . . but also. . . , not. . . but. . . 以及there be连接两个并列的主语时, 谓语动词跟它靠近的主语一致Neither I nor she likes listening to this song. 她和我都不喜欢听这首歌。There is a knife and two pens in the box. 盒子里有
15、一把刀和两支钢笔。(A)1. Either the students or the teacher _him very well. A. knowsB. to knowC. knowD. knew(B)2. Neither my sister nor I _been to Xian before. A. have neverB. have everC. has neverD. has ever(A)3. Not only you but also I _interested in the cartoon called Peppa Pig. A. amB. isC. areD. be(A)1.
16、(2020安顺中考) As we all know, using public chopsticks _necessary when we eat with others. A. isB. areC. wasD. were(B)2. (2020牡丹江中考改编)The talent shows are becoming hotter and hotter online. Exactly. Half of our class _interested in them recently. A. isB. areC. wasD. were(B)3. (2020铜仁中考) Maria, what do y
17、ou think of Mount Fanjing? Very cool. I _there once. Id like to go there again. A. has beenB. have beenC. have goneD. has gone(B) 4. (2020大庆中考)On the left of the playground _the library. There _many books and computers in it. A. are; isB. is; areC. are; areD. is; is(B)5. (2020广元中考)In February, 2020,
18、 many doctors and nurses _to Wuhan to save the patients. A. was sentB. were sentC. are sentD. is sent(C)6. (2020广元中考)Tom, together with his friends, often _to the old peoples home to cheer the old up. A. goB. goingC. goesD. went(C)7. (2020孝感中考)So far, the number of people using 5G mobile phones _a l
19、ot. A. is increasingB. are increasingC. has increasedD. have increased(B)8. (2020天水中考)Not only Jim but also his sister _a few cities in the south since they came to China. A. have visitedB. has visitedC. visitedD. visits(C)9. (2020齐齐哈尔中考) To avoid gathering(聚集), neither the students nor their teache
20、r _going to the party this evening. A. wasB. areC. isD. were(C)10. (2021遂宁中考)The number of the whales _smaller and smaller because of human activities now. A. wereB. wasC. is D. are(B)11. (2021柳州中考) He _like his brother. A. lookB. looksC. lookingD. is look(B)12. Not only Peter but also his father _c
21、razy about the basketball match. A. amB. isC. areD. be语法选择Three small fish lived in the sea. 1they were very young their parents died. They had to look after each other day after day. Finally, they grew up and dared to swim2and further. One morning, the three fish were3to a shallow (浅) water by a bi
22、g wave (浪). A small boat was taken there, too. It was hard4the fish to go back to the sea because the boat was right in front of them. The largest fish realized that they were in danger and said they had to find a way to leave there as fast as possible. The 5largest fish agreed with his elder brothe
23、r, but the youngest one did not. He said that there6much water for their activities, so he would not worry at all and still swam around happily. At last, the largest fish returned to the sea by jumping over7part of the boat. The second largest fish also succeeded in8his elder brother in the other si
24、de of water. 9the youngest one didnt follow them and still swam joyfully. Two hours later, when10sun rose up, the water in the small shallow corner dried up. The fish who did not try to return to the sea died of lack(缺乏)of water. (A) 1. A. WhenB. AfterC. UnlessD. Because(B) 2. A. deepB. deeperC. dee
25、pestD. the deepest(D) 3. A. takeB. tookC. takingD. taken(C) 4. A. ofB. inC. forD. to(A) 5. A. secondB. twoC. twiceD. secondly(C) 6. A. isB. areC. wasD. were(D) 7. A. lowestB. lowerC. lowD. the lowest(B) 8. A. joinB. joiningC. joinsD. joined(B) 9. A. AndB. ButC. SoD. Or(C)10. A. aB. anC. theD. /关闭Word文档返回原板块