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1、Non-predicate verbs 非谓语动词 高三一轮复习 主备人：邓志娟 王颖123Learning aims:Learning aims:To grasp the meaning of non-predicate verbs.（初步了解非谓语动词）To judge when to use non-predicate verbs.（判断何时使用非谓语动词）To master the use of some non-predicate verbs as the subject,the predicative,the attributiveand so on.tofindcomingtoc
2、aretofindsurroundingStep 1 Lead-inEnjoy the pictures and read the sentences,line out the predicate and non-predicateverbs.(画出下列句子中的谓语动词和非谓语动词)TheboydrawingthereisfromClass3.非谓语非谓语谓谓语语We enjoyed the show given by students.非谓语非谓语谓语谓语He covered his head to have a better sleep.非谓语非谓语谓语谓语The lady doing t
3、he experiment likes science.非谓语非谓语谓语谓语The teacher stood there,surrounded by the students.非谓语非谓语谓语谓语总结：总结：谓语谓语动词动词非谓语非谓语动词动词在句子中充当谓语充当谓语的动词；在句子中不充当谓语不充当谓语的动词；Task Task Task Task 1 1 1 1学会判断何时使用非谓语动词学会判断何时使用非谓语动词 1）The girl_(dance)in the classroom now.分析：该句中_(有/没有)谓语动词，所以该空格应使用_(谓语/非谓语动词)，时态为_。2）The g
4、irl_(dance)in the classroom now and she looks very confident.分析：该句中_(有/没有)谓语动词，但是有并列连词_连接了两个动词，所以空格应使用_(谓语/非谓语动词)，并且前后两个动词时态_(一致/不一致)。没有没有谓语动词谓语动词现在进行时现在进行时is dancing有有and谓语动词谓语动词一致一致is dancing（3）The girl_(dance)in the classroom now looks very confident.分析：该句中_(有/没有)谓语动词，并且_(有/没有)连词，所以空格应使用_(谓语/非谓语动
5、词)。（4）The girl who_(dance)in the classroom now looks very confident.分析：该句中_(有/没有)谓语动词，但是有从属连词_，所以空格应使用_(谓 语/非 谓 语 动 词)，时 态 为_。有有没有没有非谓语动词非谓语动词有有who谓语动词谓语动词现在进行时现在进行时 dancingis dancing 一个句子中已经存在一个一个句子中已经存在一个_,又没有又没有_的情况下，的情况下，另一个动词另一个动词需要用需要用_。总结：总结：谓语动词谓语动词连词连词非谓语动词非谓语动词Exercise 1 判断下列句子应使用（判断下列句子应使
6、用（A.A.谓语谓语）还是）还是 (B.B.非谓语动词非谓语动词)。（1）Thebook_(write)bySanMao.（2）Ilikereadingthenovels_(write)bySanMao.A AB Bwas written written（3）The girl that lives in the city _(make)aphonecalltothefarmeryesterday.（4）Shegotoffthebus,but_(leave)herbookinthebus.（5）Shegotoffthebus,_(hold)herbook.A AA AB Bmadelefthol
7、ding（1）(单句改错)Thequestiondiscussatthemeetingyesterdayisimportant.（2）单句改错：Helpingbyafriendofmine,Irepairedmycomputer.（3）单句改错：Therearestillmanychildrendislikefruitandvegetables.（4）单句改错：Torealizemydream,Iwilltakesomeexercisebuildupmybody.（5）单句改错：IlikereadingthenovelsarewrittenbySanMao.discussedHelpeddis
8、likingto非谓语动词形式非谓语动词形式非谓语动词形式非谓语动词形式 非谓语动词非谓语动词三种基本形式三种基本形式动词动词不定式不定式现在现在分词分词/动名动名词词过去过去分词分词to doto dodoingdoingdonedone主语主语宾语宾语 表语表语 定语定语 状语状语补语补语不定式不定式动名词动名词 分分 词词 非谓语动词形式非谓语动词形式非谓语动词形式非谓语动词形式 主语主语宾语宾语 表语表语 定语定语 状语状语补语补语不定式不定式动名词动名词 分分 词词 Practice:运用非谓语动词转换句子运用非谓语动词转换句子1.All the people here like t
9、he novel.It is written by Tom.All the people here like the novel_.2.I feel quite sorry for that.I begin to think about what to do to help._,I begin to think about what to do to help.written by Tom.Feeling quite sorry for that,Task Task Task Task 2 2 2 2非谓语动词做主语、表语一、一、不定式与动名词不定式与动名词做主语：做主语：1、不不定定式式作作
10、主主语语常常表表_，动动名名词词作作主主语语常表常表_。1)Walking is good for our health.2)To find a best friend is difficult.2)Its necessary _ the problem with an experienced teacher.(discuss)2、常用不定式做主语的句型有：、常用不定式做主语的句型有：1）Its difficult(important,necessary.)_sb.to do sth.2）Its kind(good,friendly,polite,careless,rude,clever,fo
11、olish.)_ sb.to do sth.3）It takes sb.some time/money to do sth.具体某一次的动作具体某一次的动作to discussforof抽象、泛指的概念抽象、泛指的概念3、动名词动名词很少很少用用 it 作形式主语，一般仅作形式主语，一般仅用在以下句型：用在以下句型：It is no use/good/a waste of time+doing.It is useless doing.1)Its no use _(complain)without taking action.2)Its a waste of time _(argue)with
12、him.4、Facing up to your problem _the best approach to working things out.总总结结：动动词词不不定定式式和和动动名名词词短短语语作作主主语语时时，谓语动词用谓语动词用_。complainingarguingis单数单数练习：练习：1)It is important for us _(learn)English well.2)It is very kind of you _(help)me with my study.3)It took me two hours _(finish)my homework.4）_(laugh)
13、out loud helps your body stay healthy and can help you fight pain.5)Its no good _(worry)about it.to learnto helpto finishLaughingworrying二.非谓语形式作表语：1）他的愿望是将来当一名医生。_.2)我的梦想是考取重点大学。My dream is_ a key university.3)What I want to do most in senior high is _(improve)my English.【归纳【归纳1】不定式作表语时，有下列特点：不定式作表
14、语时，有下列特点：1）_；2）当主语是当主语是aim,purpose,idea,wish,dream,decision,choice等词的等词的时候，常用时候，常用_作表语作表语。3）主语为）主语为_引导引导的名词性从句，多用不定式作表语。的名词性从句，多用不定式作表语。His wish is to be a doctor in the futureto be admitted into to improve表示预定要发生的动作表示预定要发生的动作 不定式不定式 what2、动名词作表语时相当于名词，用于解释主语的内容，、动名词作表语时相当于名词，用于解释主语的内容，表语和主语的位置常可互换表
15、语和主语的位置常可互换。E.g.My job is cleaning the house three times a week.=Cleaning the house three times a week is my job.【注意】【注意】remain作系动词，表示作系动词，表示“仍然仍然”，后接分词作表，后接分词作表语；但作不及物动词时，表示语；但作不及物动词时，表示“尚待尚待.”,后常接后常接to be done.（It remains/remained to be done）1)She remained _(stand)though we repeatedly asked her to
16、 sit down.2)It remains _(see)whether the newly-formed committees policy can be put into practice.standingto be seen3、to do/doing/done作表语的比较作表语的比较1）Her dream is _(成为老师成为老师)。2）His hobby is _(collect)stamps.3）比较下面的句子。）比较下面的句子。He looked very excited.The news is exciting.【归纳】不定式作表语【归纳】不定式作表语表示表示预定要发生预定要发
17、生的动作；的动作；现在分词现在分词表示主语的表示主语的_，而且主语多为而且主语多为_；过去分词过去分词表示主语的表示主语的_，主语多为，主语多为_。to become a teacher特点，特征特点，特征物物状态、心情、状态、心情、感受感受人人collecting【思考】【思考】1)After hearing the exciting news,he gave a speech in an _ voice.(excite)2)There was a _ look on her face because a _ problem puzzled her.(puzzle)3)The boy was
18、 more _than hurt.(frighten)excitedpuzzledpuzzlingfrightened表示由人的内心感受所体现出来的表情、表示由人的内心感受所体现出来的表情、声音，一般都用声音，一般都用V-ed 形式。形式。1.The story was so _ that nearly everybody was _ to tears.（move）2.We are_ in the novel which is very _.（interest）3.I am _ about the result.I have never spent a more _day.（worry）4.T
19、he speech was so _(inspire)that they were all _.（excite）5.We are _ in the novels which are very _(interest).movingmovedinterestedinterestingworriedworryinginspiringexcited interestedinteresting做表语的不定式有时可以省略符号“to”这时在主语部分必须含有动词do,而做表语的不定式是解释do的精确意思;且这个to也可以不省略.1.All I did was(to)give him a little push
20、.我只是稍稍推了他一下我只是稍稍推了他一下.2.What we want to do now is(to)lie down and rest.Task Task Task Task 3 3 3 3非谓语动词做定语1.不定式做定语。不定式做定语。I have something important _(tell)you.He has a lot of problems _.他有很多问题要处理。他有很多问题要处理。(deal with)【总结【总结1】动词不定式放在所修饰的名词或代词后动词不定式放在所修饰的名词或代词后 作作_。He is the best man _(do)the job.Jim
21、 is the first person _(finish)the job.【总结【总结2】名词前有序数词、最高级、名词前有序数词、最高级、the only、the next、the last等修饰时，后面一般用等修饰时，后面一般用_做做 定语。定语。to do/doing/done作定语作定语to tellto deal withto doto finish后置定语后置定语不定式不定式5）增强意志力最好的方法就是让意志力成）增强意志力最好的方法就是让意志力成为一种习惯。为一种习惯。The best way _(strengthen)willpower is to make it into a
22、 habit.6）The ability _(express)an idea is as important as the idea itself.【总结【总结3】一些抽象名词后面常接不定式做后置定语，例如：to strengthento expressability,way,motivation,chance,right,idea,hope,plan,courage,wisdom,desire,potential,promise,power,decision,strength,honor,etc.2）分词）分词(doing/done)和动名词做定语。和动名词做定语。a swimming po
23、ol （=a pool which _）a swimming girl (=a girl who _)总结：动名词作定语表示总结：动名词作定语表示 _；现在分词作定语表示现在分词作定语表示_.对比下列几组句子：对比下列几组句子：boiling water（=_）boiled water (=_)【特别提醒特别提醒】现在分词的完成时和动词不定式的完成现在分词的完成时和动词不定式的完成式式不能做定语不能做定语.is used for swimmingis swimming作用，用途作用，用途动作，状态动作，状态water which is boilingwater which has boiled
24、练习：1)The man _(perform)on the stage is a famous comedian.2)John took many photos of leaves _(fall)to the ground.3)The people _(operate)these factories are deeply concerned about the environment.4)Coffee has a history _(date)back to at least the 19th century.【温馨提示】【温馨提示】date back to./date from.,belon
25、g to.,range from.这几个词组一般用这几个词组一般用_形式作形式作定语。定语。performingfallenoperatingdatingV-ing3)to be done,being done,done作定语比较。作定语比较。The meeting _ yesterday is important.(hold)The meeting _ now is important(hold).The meeting_ tomorrow is important.(hold)【总结总结】动词不定式做定语时，表动词不定式做定语时，表_；现在分词做定语时，表现在分词做定语时，表_；过去分词做
26、定语，表过去分词做定语，表_。heldbeing heldto be held将来将来进行进行完成完成Practice:1.The bridge _(build)recently was designed by a local company.2.I love the novels_(write)by Lu Xun.3.Do you know the girl_(stand)under the big tree?4.He looked at me with a _(puzzle)look.5.The underground system _(build)in the city will be
27、open next year.6.The book belonged to me is useful.(改错改错)builtwrittenstandingpuzzledbeing built _belonging【总结】非谓语动词做定语的解题思路【总结】非谓语动词做定语的解题思路表被动用 _；表主动、进行用 _；表被动、进行用_；表主动、尚未进行用_；表被动的动作尚未进行用_.donedoingbeing doneto doto be doneTask Task Task Task 4 4 4 4非谓语动词非谓语动词做状语做状语不定式与分词做状语：不定式与分词做状语：(-to do/doing
28、/(-to do/doing/done)done)1 1）不定式作状语）不定式作状语 Helen had to shout_(make)Helen had to shout_(make)herself heard.herself heard._ catch the first bus,he _ catch the first bus,he got up early.(got up early.(In order to/So as to?)n order to/So as to?)He got up early _ catch He got up early _ catch the first
29、bus.(in order to/the first bus.(in order to/so as to?)o as to?)I Im too tired _(stay)up any m too tired _(stay)up any longer.longer.I Im glad _(see)you here.m glad _(see)you here.to make In order to in order to/so as toto stay to see 总结总结1 1：动词不定式可以作：动词不定式可以作_、_、_等状语，其中表目的状语时可用等状语，其中表目的状语时可用_和和_替换，其
30、中替换，其中_不能放句首，表结果状语时常用不能放句首，表结果状语时常用结构结构_、_、_等。等。目的目的原因原因结果结果in order toso as toso as totoo.toenough toonly to do2 2）分词）分词（doing/donedoing/done）作状语作状语Hearing the news,they got excited.(Hearing the news,they got excited.()Having been bitten by a snake,she was Having been bitten by a snake,she was frig
31、htened at it.()frightened at it.()Given a chance,I can surprise the world.(Given a chance,I can surprise the world.()The cup dropped to the ground,breaking into The cup dropped to the ground,breaking into pieces.pieces.()()Having been told many times,he still repeated Having been told many times,he
32、still repeated the same mistake.()the same mistake.()The teacher came into the lab,followed by some The teacher came into the lab,followed by some students.()students.()时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状语条件状语条件状语结果状语结果状语让步状语让步状语伴随状语伴随状语总结总结:1.:1.分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表_、_、_、_、_、_等。等。2.2.分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句分词作状语时
33、，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语子的主语_。现在分词与句子的主。现在分词与句子的主语构成语构成_，过去分词与句子的主语，过去分词与句子的主语构成构成 _._.时间时间原因原因条件条件结果结果让步让步伴随伴随保持一致保持一致主谓关系主谓关系动宾关系动宾关系对比下列句子：对比下列句子：1.He hurried to the station only _1.He hurried to the station only _(find)that the train had left.(find)that the train had left.2.Mary failed all her exams,_(2
34、.Mary failed all her exams,_(make)both her parents very angry.make)both her parents very angry.总结总结2 2：现在分词作结果状语，表示一种：现在分词作结果状语，表示一种_的结果；的结果；不定式作状语，表示一种不定式作状语，表示一种 _ _的结果。的结果。to findmaking自然而然自然而然意料之外意料之外Practice:1.Practice:1.完成下面的句子：完成下面的句子：由于被这故事深深地感动了，孩子们开始哭起来。由于被这故事深深地感动了，孩子们开始哭起来。Deeply Deeply
35、_ by the story,the by the story,the children began to cry.children began to cry.=Because the children_by the=Because the children_by the story,the children began to cry.story,the children began to cry.Being a student,I must study hard.Being a student,I must study hard.=Because I _ a student,I must=B
36、ecause I _ a student,I must study hard.study hard._(seeing/having seen?)his _(seeing/having seen?)his mother,the boy jumped with joy.mother,the boy jumped with joy._ _(finishing/having(finishing/having finished?)his homework,he went to bed.finished?)his homework,he went to bed.were movedmovedamSeein
37、gHaving finished练习：1)The man _(perform)on the stage is a famous comedian.2)John took many photos of leaves _(fall)to the ground.3)The people _(operate)these factories are deeply concerned about the environment.4)Coffee has a history _(date)back to at least the 19th century.【温馨提示】【温馨提示】date back to./
38、date from.,belong to.,rang from.这几个词组一般用这几个词组一般用_形式作定形式作定语。语。performingfallenoperatingdatingV-ing独立主格结构独立主格结构1）名词）名词/代词代词+分词分词2）名词）名词/代词代词+不定式不定式3）with/without+名词名词/代词代词+分词分词/不定式不定式 e.g.1.The test finished（=When the test was finished),we began our holiday.2.As the society develops rapidly,its necess
39、ary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer.With the society _ rapidly,its necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer.developingwaitingto turnwinninglockingunderstand blockeddevelopedrepairedTask Task Task Task 6 6 6 6Draw a conclusion by doing some Draw a conc
40、lusion by doing some Draw a conclusion by doing some Draw a conclusion by doing some related exercises.related exercises.related exercises.related exercises.高考链接：高考链接：1.(2016年浙江高考)Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution，Idlikeyoutolookatastudy_（conduct）inAustraliain2012.2.IneedanewpassportsoIwillhaveto
41、havemyphotograph_(take)(2018天津.7)3._(travel)alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperience.(2018北京.3)4.(北京高考)Therearestillmanyproblems_(solve)beforewearereadyforalongstayontheMoon.conducted taken Traveling to be solved 语法填空语法填空：Laughter is the greatest medicine.It helps those 1._ cannot wo
42、rk out become fit.First of all,2._(laugh)out loud helps improve your general fitness.This is because laughter strengthens the heart 3._the lungs.So,it is easy 4._(understand)why some yoga exercises include laughter.Second,a good laugh can relax your muscles.As you laugh,the muscles 5._(participate)i
43、n the laugh become active.After you laugh,these muscles start to relax.This movement is like a deep-breathing exercise,so it is very useful for people with breathing problems.wholaughingandto understandparticipatingAlso,laughter makes us feel a sense of happiness.Experts say that the positive feelin
44、gs 6._(produce)by laughter not only make us happy but also help us reduce pain.The next time you feel upset or 7._(disppoint),do not worry.8._(enjoy)a funny comedy or 9._(read)some jokes will drive away your negative feelings and make you feel much 10._(good).produceddisppointedEnjoyingreadingbetter
45、1.翻译下列句子：非谓语动词的微写作应用：非谓语动词的微写作应用：1)运用非谓语动词转换简单句运用非谓语动词转换简单句1We were touched by the teachers words.We decided to work hard.(用过去分词作状语用过去分词作状语)Touched by the teachers words,we decided to work hard.2I didnt receive her letter.I had to write again.(用现在分词作状语用现在分词作状语)Not having received her letter,I had to
46、 write again.3.I took part in the meeting,which was held in Beijing last Friday.It was very instructive,which was hosted by a manager who came to our company yesterday.I took part in the meeting held in Beijing last Friday.It was very instructive,which was hosted by a manager coming to our company y
47、esterday.4.Mother went to work in a hurry,and she didnt have breakfast.She was as busy as a bee these days and came back home very late.Mother went to work in a hurry without having breakfast.She was as busy as a bee these days,coming back home very late.运用非谓语动词转换短文：运用非谓语动词转换短文：大城市里高楼大厦林立，房价越来越高。大城市
48、里高楼大厦林立，房价越来越高。一方面，很多人无房居住，另一方面，大一方面，很多人无房居住，另一方面，大量房子却卖不出去。不少人即使买了一套量房子却卖不出去。不少人即使买了一套住房，恐怕也要一辈子辛辛苦苦工作来还住房，恐怕也要一辈子辛辛苦苦工作来还银行贷款。我们希望政府采取措施，关心银行贷款。我们希望政府采取措施，关心这些收入不高的人群。这些收入不高的人群。Therearemoreandmoretallbuildingsinbigcities,with their prices going updaybyday.Ononehand,therearestilllotsofpeoplehavingn
49、o houses to live in.Ontheotherhand,manyapartmentsarehardtobesoldout.Evenifyouhaveboughtanapartment,Imafraidyouhavetotrytopayoffthemoneyborrowedfromthebank,working hard dayandnightallyourlife.Idohopeourgovernmentcantakestrongmeasuresto solve thehousingproblem,showinggreatconcernforthepeoplewhoseincom
50、esarenothighenough.非谓语动词的微写作应用：非谓语动词的微写作应用：2)2)尽量运用非谓语动词写一篇英语作文：尽量运用非谓语动词写一篇英语作文：北京市有大量的出租车司机，他们每北京市有大量的出租车司机，他们每天全心全意地为乘客服务，对北京市的交天全心全意地为乘客服务，对北京市的交通发挥着重要作用。他们起早贪黑，赚钱通发挥着重要作用。他们起早贪黑，赚钱养家糊口。有一次，我下车时不小心把手养家糊口。有一次，我下车时不小心把手机忘在了车上，但当我和司机同志联系上机忘在了车上，但当我和司机同志联系上之后，他立即开车把手机送到了我的家门之后，他立即开车把手机送到了我的家门口，让我感动不