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1、【考研英语】2021年5月江西景德镇陶瓷学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道(附答案解析)第1题【单选题】If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in2006/s World Cup tournament you would most likely find a noteworthyquirk:elite soccer players are likely to have been born in the earliermonths of the year than in the later mo
2、nths.If you then examined theEuropean national youth teams that feed the World Cup andprofessional ranks,you would find this strange phenomenon to be evenmore pronounced.What might account for this strange phenomenon?Here are a few guesses:a)certain astrological signs confer superiorsoccer skills,b)
3、winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacitywhich increases soccer stamina,c)soccer mad parents are more likely toconceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania,d)none of the above.The word“mania”(Paragraph 2)most probably meansA、funB、crazeC、hysteriaD、excitement【正确答案】B【
4、答案解析】答案选B o 词义理解题，考查考生利用上下文推测词义。文章第1 段介绍一个奇怪的现象，即高水平的足球运动员多半是一年中头几个月出生的。第 2 段试图解释这一现象，对这一现象做出种种猜测，即“某些星相赋予人们高超的足球技能，“冬天出生的婴儿氧气足，这会增加足球运动所需的耐力，足球迷的父母往往容易在春天孕育新生命等等。本段中的mania一词出现在第三种猜测中，句子的前半部分有“soccer mad，意思是对足球痴迷、疯狂的，由此可以推断mania”一词与soccer mad接近,即 疯狂。因此正确答案是B。第2题【单选题】This animal is to be found only i
5、n the Southern Hemisphere.A、解释B、半球C、历史学家D、引用【正确答案】B【答案解析】hemisphere n.半球。第3题【单选题】Both Tom and his brother take after their father not only in appearancebut also in character.A、resembleB、assimilateC、followD、reflect【正确答案】A【答案解析】take after与.相像。resemble像，相似。参考译文：汤姆和他兄弟不仅长相像他们父亲，性格也相似。第4题【单选题】Actually in
6、dustry can vary a good deal over the centuries.A、alterB、improveC、alertD、perish【正确答案】A【答案解析】vary改变；im prove改善，增进；提高 的价值。第5题【单选题】Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答
7、案选C o 本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important,scarcely是程度副词，意思是“几乎不，简直没有。它本身带有否定的意思。lessimportant意思是“不如.重要，而加scarcely之后，双重否定表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选 C。第6题【单选题】Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paidleave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the
8、 two,Australia,gave up that dubious distinction by establishing paid familyleave starting in 2011.1 wasnt surprised when this didn/t make the newshere in the United Stateswe/re now the only wealthy country withoutsuch a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy,theFamily and Medi
9、cal Leave Act,passed in 1993.It entitles workers to asmuch as 12 weeks unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with afamily medical problem.Despite the modesty of the benefit,theChamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly,describing it as“government run personnel managemen
10、t”and a“dangerous precedent/In fact,every step of the way,as(usually)Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balancemeasures into the law,business groups have been stronglyopposed.What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws inthe United States?A、The lack of a precedent
11、in American history.B、The existing Family and Medical Leave Act.C、The opposition from business circles.D、The incompetence of the Democrats.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 事实细节题。根据题干定位到第2段末句。本句中提到，尽管民主党领导人努力将工作与家庭的平衡措施提上立法日程，但那些商业组织还是一直都强烈反对。C 项中的opposition与文中的strongly opposed相对,business circles与文中的business grou
12、ps相对应，故正确答案为 C 项。文中说 家庭与医疗休假法在 1993年时通过，故排除A 项“在美国历史上没有先例；B 项“现有的 家庭与医疗休假法 ，并非主要原因；文中提到民主党领导人支持工作与家庭的平衡措施的实施，只是遭到了来自商业团体的反对，故排除D 项“民主党的无能。第7题【单选题】I hope the job shes applied for.A、she/s going to getB、shell getC、she is to getD、she decides to get【正确答案】B【答案解析】will或 shall用来表示希望或期望。因此在表示与希望有关的动词或动词短语的宾语从
13、句中的将来时态时,要用will或shall。这些动词或短语是:hope,expect,be sure,believe,think,suppose,doubt 和 be afraid 等。第8题【单选题】Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn,the Irish milkmaidfought hard to hold back her laughter.A、checkB keepC stopD、retain【正确答案】A【答案解析】holdback抑制，控制。check克制，抑制(做某事或表露感情)。参考译文：看见我笨手笨脚地把牛牵向
14、牲口棚，那位爱尔兰挤奶女工竭尽全力克制自己不笑出声来。第9题【单选题】When I graduated from high school,my family had a business so I neverthought about getting a college degree.I went straight from my highschool graduation to work for my father.After 24 years of ups and downs(mostly downs),1 decided that I wanted to return to school
15、 and earn adegree in Business Administration.Why didnt the author go on witheducation after graduating from high school?A To help her father with business.B To escape from school life.C、To experience social life early.D、To achieve her dream.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。该题目主要考查考生对文章主人公相关细节的了解。根据题干内容，此细节定位
16、于文章本段讲述自己高中毕业后经历的部分。文中讲到“当我高中毕业时，爸爸正在做生意。所以我压根没有考虑过继续获得大学学位的事情，毕业后直接转向为爸爸工作可判断A选项与原文句意一致。第10题【单选题】If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in2006/s World Cup tournament you would most likely find a noteworthyquirk:elite soccer players are likely to have been born in the e
17、arliermonths of the year than in the later months.If you then examined theEuropean national youth teams that feed the World Cup andprofessional ranks,you would find this strange phenomenon to be evenmore pronounced.What might account for this strange phenomenon?Here are a few guesses:a)certain astro
18、logical signs confer superiorsoccer skills,b)winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacitywhich increases soccer stamina,c)soccer mad parents are more likely toconceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania,d)none of the above.The word“mania”(Paragraph 2)most probably me
19、ansA funB、crazeC、hysteriaD、excitement【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o词义理解题，考查考生利用上下文推测词义。文章第1段介绍一个奇怪的现象，即高水平的足球运动员多半是一年中头几个月出生的。第2段试图解释这一现象，对这一现象做出种种猜测，即“某些星相赋予人们高超的足球技能，冬天出生的婴儿氧气足，这会增加足球运动所需的耐力，足球迷的父母往往容易在春天孕育新生命”等等。本段中的mania一词出现在第三种猜测中，句子的前半部分有“soccer m a d,意思是对足球痴迷、疯狂的，由此可以推断mania”一词与soccer mad接近,即 疯狂。因此正确答案是
20、Bo第11题【单选题】Well.I do think the rabbit is a beautiful,gentle animal which can runvery fast.A、So it isB So is itC、So does itD、So it does【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o此题容易误选B,平时同学们经常练习和s o有关的倒装句：s o放在句首，表示前面的肯定内容也适用于另一个人或物。其结构为：so+助动词+主语。因此在未完全理解题意时，就主观地选择了 B o其实最佳答案为A。本题考查“so+主语+助动词结构，用来表示赞成前一说话者所说的内容，可译为 是的、对或“
21、确实如此。句意：一哎，我真的认为这兔子是一只漂亮温顺的动物，跑得很快。一确实如此。第12题【单选题】The conclusion we reached in Britain is that change simply cannotsensibly be put off.A、我们英国人得出的结论是，改革是大势所趋。B、我们英国人得出的结论是，改革完全不能理智地被推迟。C、我们在英国得出的结论是，改革是大势所趋。D、我们在英国得出的结论是，改革不能被理智地推迟。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答 案 选 A。本题考查的知识点为反译。为了行文方便或掌握分寸，原文从正面说的，译文可以从反面来说。第13题【单
22、选题】Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn,the Irish milkmaidfought hard to hold back her laughter.A checkB keepC、stopD、retain【正确答案】A【答案解析】holdback抑制，控制。check克制，抑 制（做某事或表露感情）。参考译文：看见我笨手笨脚地把牛牵向牲口棚，那位爱尔兰挤奶女工竭尽全力克制自己不笑出声来。第 14题【单选题】Readers are required to comply with the rules of the library
23、 and mindtheir manners.A、evaluateB、memorizeC、protectD、observe【正确答案】D【答案解析】comply w ith服从，遵从。observe遵守，奉行。参考译文：读者被要求遵守图书馆规章并注意各自的行为规范。第 15题【单选题】Drug use accounts for approximately three-quarters of all reportedcases of HIV in the country.A、possiblyB、roughlyC、generallyD、specificly【正确答案】B【答案解析】approxim
24、ately大致地，近似地。roughly大体上，大致上。参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占乃。第16题【单选题】Drug use accounts for approximately three-quarters of all reportedcases of HIV in the country.A possiblyB roughlyC generallyD、specificly【正确答案】B【答案解析】approximately大致地，近似地。roughly大体上，大致上。参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占75%。第17题【单选题】For
25、 Britain our membership of the European Union and the World TradeOrganization has brought this home.A、对我们英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们对这一点深有感触。B、对英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织把我们送到了家。C、对英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份让我们认识了这一点。D、对我们英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份使我们如鱼得水。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 本题考查has brought this home的意译。第18题【单选题】We
26、talked of our plans to wed and start a family,once we were settled inLos Angeles,and we listened to the rain.A、我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，外头还下着雨。B、一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，还听着外头的雨声。C、我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，组织家庭。我们一面议论，一面听着外头的雨声。D、一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，建立家庭。我们一面议论着，而且一面听着外头的雨声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 本题
27、考查句子中并列动词的翻译。to wed and start a family,once we were settled in Los Angeles是 plan的同位语，而句子的主干是两个并列的动词，Wetalked of our plans and we listened to the rain.汉语中与之相对的是“一面，一 面.。第19题【单选题】He wanted to look for occupation suited to his abilities.A、employmentB、psychologyC speciesD、majority【正确答案】A【答案解析】occupation
28、职业；employment职业；雇用。第20题【单选题】Father had no more than a superficial knowledge of music.A、widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequent【正确答案】B【答案解析】superficial 表面的；肤浅的；shallow浅的;肤浅的。第21题【单选题】Shirley a book about China last year,but I don/t know whethershe has finished it.A、has writtenB、wroteC、had writtenD
29、、was writing【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意为“Shirley去年（一段时间）在写一本有关中国的书，但我不知她现在是否写完，因此答案为D。第22题【单选题】Take a t a x i,y o u ll miss your train.A、andB、ifC、otherwiseD、or【正确答案】C【答案解析】祈使句可用来取代if从句来表示评论、提出要求、发出忠告或威胁等。用祈使句比用if从句表达更强的紧迫性。在表示评论和要求时，其连词用a n d,表示忠告时用连词otherwise,表示威胁时，用连词or。第23题【单选题】Egyptian agriculture has been
30、transformed,and industry is benefitingfrom power generated by the dam.A、埃及的农业得到了改进，工业正从水坝发出的电力得到好处。B、埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发出的电力。C、埃及的农业已经发生了变化，工业也用上了水坝发出的电力。D、埃及的农业已经发生了改变，工业也从水坝发出的电力中获利。【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题需要注意is benefiting from的翻译，最佳答案是B。第24题【单选题】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children w
31、ant.Cathy,amother told us,“My children have packed lunches,because they saythey hate school dinners.I make 3 packed lunches every morning,so ourkitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/However,another mother,Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food.Shesaid,“My daughter al
32、ways has school dinners.I think she probably getshealthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if Imade a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to thepassage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、Susans daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at l
33、east three children.D、Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是 I make 3 packed lunches every morning 可知 Cathy 有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得而知，故选项C为最佳选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第25题【单选题】all the threats,many companies are sending IT professionalsto courses like those Cohen offers.A、GaveB、Givin
34、gC、GiveD、Given【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查的是非谓语动词的用法，manycompanies和give之间是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词。第26题【单选题】Cost was a key in our decision.A、philosopherB、innovationC、qualityD、element【正确答案】D【答案解析】element元素；要素；原理；成分；自然环境。第27题【单选题】My teacher once said to me,“If you don/t quit,you will win”.I have nodesire to quit writing a
35、s Im having too much fun.My thanks go toAssociated Content and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for all myprogress in writing!And to my fellow writers thank you so much foryour support and friendship.May we continue to support each other formany years to comeiWe can learn from the passage that.A the au
36、thor thinks writing on the Net is very easyB the author has his first book published on the NetC、two years has passed since the author began writingD、the author is grateful for the content sites sincerely【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o由本段的My thanks go to AssociatedContent and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for a
37、ll myprogress in writing知道作者感谢他提到的网站给他的支持和帮助。因此选D。第28题【单选题】This Convention shall be subject to ratification or acceptance by thesignatory States.A、本公约的生效取决于签字国的批准或接受。B、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为生效条件。C、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为条件。D、本公约须经签字国批准或接受。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。无论是英语还是汉语，法律文件有一些共同的特点。英语 常 用shall,where
38、of,hereinafter等，汉语则常用“本公约须 ，”应 ，可.，“均等词语。第29题【单选题】the day went on the weather get worse.A、WithB、SinceC、WhatD、As【正确答案】D【答案解析】as引导从句表示“随着 ，句意：随着时间的过去，气候变得更糟。第30题【单选题】Cheese is really a good lure for mice.A、许可，准许B、诱惑C、要求，渴望D、焦点【正确答案】B【答案解析】lure n.诱惑；饵；诱惑物。第31题【单选题】In the last 500 years,nothing about pe
39、ople-not their clothes,ideas,orlanguages has changed as much as what they eat.The original chocolatedrink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree（可可树）by SouthAmerican Indians.The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the worldduring the 1500s.And although it was very expensive,it quickly becamefash
40、ionable.In London,shops where chocolate drinks were servedbecame important meeting places.Some still exist today.Some in thelast sentence of the paragraph refers to.A、some cocoa treesB、some chocolate drinksC、some shops.D、some South American Indians【正确答案】C【答案解析】这类题的答案一般在前一句中寻找。通常指前一句中提到的内容。这里的som e指代
41、的是前一句中的shopso第32题【单选题】Spiders are not insects,as many people think,nor even nearly related tothem.A、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo本题需要注意as many people think,表示的是“许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫“；此 外nor在此处表示的是否定，
42、即“它和昆虫一点关系都没有。第33题【单选题】Your hair want s.Youd better have it done tomorrow.0A、cutB、to cut 0C、cuttingD、being cut【正确答案】C【答案解析】英语中有一些动词可跟主动形式的宾语表示被动含义，如：want,need,此时的主语一般为物；这些动词后面也可跟不定式的被动形式。第34题【单选题】The hurricane was incredibly devastating and left thousands homeless.A、forcefulB mightyC、destructiveD、da
43、ngerous【正确答案】C【答案解析】devastating毁灭性的。destructive破 坏（或毁灭）性的。参考译文：飓风以其难以令人置信的破坏力使得成千上万的人无家可归。第35题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。nothing but表示 只的意思。第36题【单选题】The heat was so from the fire that the firemen could
44、 not enterthe building.A、intenseB tenseC intensiveD、violent【正确答案】A【答案解析】intense强烈的/挚热的。tense紧张的。intensive深入的/细致的。violent暴力的。第37题【单选题】If you keep on,youll succeed wish you success in theexaminations.A、in timeB、at one timeC、for the same timeD sometimes【正确答案】A【答案解析】in time意为sooner or later”即 早晚,终究。in t
45、ime另一个意思是及时。第38题【单选题】It was in foreign country I felt,for the first time in my life,regretful I was about the time wasted playing around.A、where,thatB、that,howC that,whichD、where,how【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选 B o 该句是一个强调句，其中还有一个插入语for the first time in my life ,强调句的基本形式是“It is(was).that(who)./,先行词是人时可用who代替
46、th a t,否则一般用th a t,故排除A、D o 又 因 为 regretful是一个形容词，故应用副词修饰，显然要舍去which而 用 how。第39题【单选题】Those attacks can range from indiscriminate viruses to corporate spyingand efforts to gain data from banksA、sensibleB senseC sensitiveD、sensibly【正确答案】C【答案解析】相关句子部分的意思是：从银行、信用卡公司或个人获得敏感的数据。四个选项的意思分别为：明智的；感觉；敏感的；容易感知地
47、。第40题【单选题】We rely more than any other major economy on the goods and servicesthat we export,the investment that we attract and we make abroad.A、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。B、英国比世界上其他主要经济更依赖商品和服务出口的投资、引资。C、英国对出口的商品和服务以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。D、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖超过了世界上任何其他经济大国。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选
48、D o 本题主要考查经济的专业术语。原文中的economy指“经济大国，是近几年才出现的一种用法。第41题【单选题】Word came he was employed by that company.A、whichB、whyC、thatD、when【正确答案】C【答案解析】这里是由that引导的同位语从句。第42题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里
49、，这是很重要的，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it 为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译
50、。第43题【单选题】At twenty-two,he had first learned what it is to a Negro.A、他 22岁 时 一，生平第一次尝到了对待黑人的滋味。B、他 22岁时，生平第一次懂得了如何做一个黑人。C、他 22岁时，生平第一次知道了黑人意味着什么。D、他 22岁时，生平第一次知道是如何对待黑人的。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答 案 选A o本题解题的关键是what it is to aNegro,表示的意思是：对待黑人的滋味。第44题【单选题】The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class